Index

ABC-1. See Plans, defense and war, ABC-1.

ABC-2, 104n

ABC-22. See Plans, defense and war, ABC-22.

ABC (Pacific)-22, 107

Act of Chapultepec, 148, 334

Act of Havana, 153

Adak, 254, 255-56, 258

ADB, 103n

Admiralty, British, 170n, 243, 245

Aerial photography, 284

Air bases. See Bases, air, British; Bases, air, Canadian; Bases, air, U.S.

Air Corps Ferrying Command, U.S., 130, 182, 204, 308

Air cover. See Submarines, antisubmarine air operations.

Air defense. See Air defense zones, western Canada; Air warning services; Antiaircraft defense; Central Air Defense Zone, U.S.; Central Canada Aircraft Detection Corps; Military Area, Sault Sainte Marie; Newfoundland; Signal Aircraft Warning Reporting Companies, U.S.

Air defense zones, western Canada, 302

Air ferry routes. See also Bases, air, British; Bases, air, Canadian; Bases, air, U.S.; CRIMSON Project; North Atlantic Ferry Route Project Committe; Staging fields.

Alaska-Siberia. See Air ferry routes, Northwest Staging Route.
Interior Staging Route, 306
Mackenzie River air route, 139, 213-15, 237-38, 322n, 323, 324
North Atlantic, 46, 53-54, 70, 95, 130, 136, 149, 151, 183, 184, 186, 189, 190, 191-93, 301-02, 314, 315-16, 318, 35758, 363-64
operation of, 181-82
Northwest Staging Route, 53-54, 100, 138, 139, 199-214, 215-18, 219-20, 236, 23738, 315-16, 317-18, 320-21, 351, 35455, 359-61, 363-64

agreements, 203-04, 209-11, 314
air traffic, 205, 217
aircraft deliveries, 215-16
aircraft losses, 202-03
airway traffic control, 302, 304-06, 309
airways facilities, 202-03
commercial airlines, use of by AAF, 307
design criteria, year-long discussion of, 213
expenditures on, 213, 324
RCAF traffic-control delay, and equipment shortages, 305-06
and U.S. troops in Canada, 296-97
operation of, PJBD recommendations, 51
Pacific, 312

Air Force, Department of the, 35n. See also Army Air Corps, U.S.; Army Air Forces, U.S.; U.S. Army Air Forces in Newfoundland.

Air Force Headquarters, Canadian, 253

Air forces, Canadian. See also Royal Canadian Air Force.

Annette Island, 252
Newfoundland, 95, 165-66

Air Forces, U.S.

Fourth, 303

Eighth, 191-92, 241

Air Ministry, British, 118

Air Ministry, Canadian, 72n

Air navigation, 337

Air Observes School, Canadian, 217n

Air patrol. See also Submarines, antisubmarine air operations.

Alaska and Aleutians, 253
North Atlantic, 14-15, 284

Air rescue, Hudson's Bay Company personnel, 284

Air Staff, Canadian, 113

Air strips. See Flight strips, Canadian; Flight strips, U.S.

Air Traffic Regulations Subcommittee, Canadian, 304-05

Air transport. See Aviation, postwar international operations.

Air Transport Command, U.S., 136, 168, 206, 207, 211, 217n, 237

Alaskan Wing, 133, 204, 209, 216-17, 302n, 303, 309, 318
cadres, western Canada, 308
carrying of passengers for hire, Executive Order, 312
commercial airlines as contract carriers, 133, 307

Air Transport Command, U.S.--Continued

North Atlantic Division, 131, 192
North Atlantic Wing, 133
and Northwest Airlines, 308-10
Northwest Route, Ferrying Division, 20405, 216
some routes not authorized, 310

Air warning services, 117, 195-96

Airborne Divisions, U.S.

82d, 267
101st, 267

Aircraft, Canadian

B-18, 99
Bolingbroke, 252, 252n, 253
flights over Maine, 307
production, 295
trainers and flying boats to U.S., 2

Aircraft, cargo, lack of for Norway operation, 260

Aircraft, commercial. See Airlines, commercial, contract carriers.

Aircraft, U.S.

A-20 Boston medium bombers, 271
B-17, 181, 241, 243n, 248
B-17B, 98, 172
B-24, 181, 248, 250
B-26, 203
B-29, 337
Canadian requests for, 7, 13-14, 90-91
carrler-based, 249
Catalina PBY, 192
deliveries to Canada, 90-91
deliveries to Soviet Union, 216
deliveries to United Kingdom, 181-82, 184, 191
flights over Canadian territory, 306-07
flying boats not reallocated to Canada, 61
Lockheed Hudson, 181
losses, North Atlantic ferry route, 192
P-40, 202-03, 253
permission to fly over Canada, 306-07
purchase of used planes by Canada, 10
routes in Canada, application for, 310-11
trainers, 282
VLR (very long range) patrol, 249, 250

Aircraft carriers

British, 272
Canadian, 251, 272
Japanese, 204
U.S., 249, 250-51

Aircraft ferrying. See Air ferry routes; Green

Project, AAF; White Project, AAF.

Aircraft production

U.S., 184
U.S.-Canadian totals, 290

Aircraft Repair, Limited, Canadian, 217n

Airfields. See also Airports; Bases, air, British; Bases, air, Canadian; Bases, air, U.S.

authorization for use of Canadian by U.S. planes, 308
northern, cost distribution, 320-21, 322-23
northern, importance to Canada, 321

Airlift of troops and materials by commercial airlines, 204

Airlines, commercial, contract carriers, 133, 310-11, 312-13. See also Airlift of troops and materials by commercial airlines; Northeast Airlines; Northwest Airlines.

flights over Canada and U.S., agreement on, 307
Goose Bay and Newfoundland, 307
militarization of, 308, 309-10, 311, 312
Northwest Airlines, and friction with Canada, 307-10
on Northwest Staging Route, 202-03, 21617, 304, 307-10

Airports

Dorval, 181
Gander, 19-20, 95, 96, 97, 99, 117, 118, 165-66, 173, 181, 182-83, 190. See also Bases air, Canadian; Bases, air, U.S.
Goose Bay, 303. See also Bases, air, Canadian; Bases, air, U.S.
Newfoundland. See Airports, Gander.
traffic control, 304-05.

Airships, nonrigid, in air patrol, 361

Airspace

Canadian, 301
Canadian, restricted zones, 195, 197, 305n, 307

Airway traffic control, 301-03, 304-13. See also Air ferry routes, Northwest Staging Route; JAN-CAN (Joint Army, Navy, Canadian).

Airways

facilities, 141, 214-15. See also Air ferry routes, Northwest Staging Route.
maintenance and control of facilities, 30406, 310-16, 355-56, 361-63

Aklavik, 227

Alaska, 40, 48, 50, 53-54, 87-88, 100-101, 107, 109, 110, 120, 128, 199, 201-03, 207, 215-17, 218-20, 225-26, 227-28, 230-31, 235, 238-39, 258n, 277, 283, 302-03, 306-07, 308, 312, 318, 323n, 325n. See also Aleutian campaign; and under Bases.

defense of, 218, 252
defenses, penetration of by Japanese, 204

Alaska Defense Command, 112, 202, 215-16, 224n, 303

Alaska Highway, 41, 42n, 44, 53-54, 75, 127-28, 135, 200-201, 203n, 206, 207, 213, 217-27, 229-30, 232, 236, 241, 296-97, 304, 318, 319, 323, 327, 357, 363, 370-72. See also Flight strips, Canadian; Flight strips, U.S.

agreements, 221, 226-27
civilian traffic, 223-24
gift to Canada, 329
Haines-Champagne road, 226-27, 330-31
military traffic, 223-24
postwar use by U.S. military vehicles, 221
redesignated, Northwest Highway System, 224n
Tok road, 225
transfer to Canada, 224, 227
U.S. expenditures, 223, 330
and use of highways to U.S. border, 221
waiving of duties, taxes, and fees, 278

Alaska Railroad, 225

Alaskan International Highway Commission, 217, 227

Albert and Davidson Corporation, 333

Alberta, 128, 137, 218. 299

Alcan Highway, 136. See also Alaska Highway.

Aleutian campaign, 224n, 252-59, 317, 318. See also First Special Service Force, U.S.Canadian.

Aleutian Islands, 252, 253, 256

Alexander, Maj. Gen. R. O., 121, 253

Allied Powers, 289-90, 294-95 postwar positions, 337, 339, 344-45

Aluminium Company of Canada, 151, 151n

Aluminum, 149, 155n, 196

Amadjuak Lake, 191

Amchitka, 254, 255, 257

America, 96

American Nations, use of term, 153

American Red Cross, and relief problem in] Greenland, 150

American Republics, 142-43, 293

Act of Chapultepec, 148, 334
Act of Havana, 153
Canada as a member of British Common-monwealth, 144, 334-35
defense, 112 22, 26, 149, 161
defense and neutrality, discussion at Panama, 144
and Greenland bases, use of, 152-53
Inter-American Conference, 1945, 147, 148
Inter-American Conference, 1947, 48
Inter-American Defense Board, 145
liaison officers to, 11
Meeting of Foreign Ministers, First, 1939, Panama. 144
Meeting Foreign Ministers, Second, 1940, Havana, 11-12, 26n, 143, 144
Meeting of Foreign Ministers, Third, 1942, Rio, 144-46, 160
military co-operation, 334
Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance, 48

Ammunition, 281. See also Munitions, Canadian; Munitions, U.S; Munitions, U.S.Canadian.

Amphibious Training Force 9, U.S.-Canadian, 255, 258

Anchorage, 100, 202, 225, 239, 253-54

Anderson, Air Vice Marshal N. R., 37

Anglo-American Food Committee, 83

Anglo-French Purchasing Board, 60

Annapolis, 165

Annette Island, 202, 252-53, 254, 255

Antiaircraft Battery (Heavy), Canadian 40 th 195, 197

Antiaircraft defense

Annette Island, 252
Buffalo, 198
Canada, 317-18
Maritime Provinces, 89
Newfoundland, 92-93, 98-99, 173
Sault Sainte Marie, 194-95, 196

Antilles, 19

Antisubmarine operations. See Convoys; Submarines.

Antisubmarine Squadrons, U.S.

6th, 250
19th, 250
20th, 248

Antisubmarine Wings, U.S. 25th, 250

Anzio, 265, 266

ARCADIA Conference, 59, 63-64, 66, 66n, 75

Argentia, 62, 96, 124-25, 168, 178, 179, 184n, 244, 245, 247, 354. See also Bases, air, U.S.; Bases, naval, Canadian; Bases, naval, U.S.; Bases, U.S.

Argentina, 144

ARGONAUT Conference, 66n

Armaments, on vessels in Great Lakes, 279 80

Armed forces, Canadian, at outbreak of World War II, 4-5, 5n

Armies, Canadian First, 241, 265

Armies, U.S.

Third, 31
Fourth, 107
Fifth, 266
Seventh, 266

Arms production, Canadian, 273

Army, British, 8-9, 162-63

Army, Canadian, 4-5, 34-35, 89, 105, 118, 173, 198, 241-42, 252, 256-57, 263-64, 274n, 276, 330. See also Troops, Canadian.

Army, Canadian--Continued

active units on V-J Day, 271-72
Atlantic Command, 29, 30n, 99, 111-12, 173-74
casualties, Aleutians, 259
equipment, lack of, 5-6
General Staff, 113, 260-61
Newfoundland Force, 116
Pacific Command, 101, 107, 111-12, 121, 253, 256
Pacific,Force, 51, 268-70, 271-72
regimental combat team for Kiska assault, 257

Army, French, 162

Army, U.S., 11, 48-49, 105-0 6, 126, 128-30, 167, 178, 180, 182, 188, 218, 225-26, 231 32, 240, 247, 259, 276, 303, 304, 306

Army Air Corps, U.S., 96, 151-52, 181

Army Air Forces, U.S., 35, 48-49, 51, 128, 131, 140, 184, 203, 205, 206, 207, 215, 217, 241, 248, 249, 276, 282, 284, 302, 305-06, 307, 308-09. See also Army Air Corps, U.S.; U.S. Army Air Forces in Newfoundland.

aerial photography mission, 133
antisubmarine force, Newfoundland, 173
antisubmarine units, transfer of, to United Kingdom, 250
defense of Dutch Harbor, 253-54
offer to equip RCAF with Boston medium bombers, 271
and RCAF offer of unit for Pacific, 270-7
standardization of RCAF on U.S. equip-ment, 271
weather forecasting services, 237-38
Weather Region, 16 th, 133
weather reports, teletype, Canadian northwest, 238

Army-Navy Liquidation Commissioner, U.S., 328n, 334

Army Post Office, New York City, 277

Army Service Forces, U.S., 132, 140

Army Transport Service, U.S., 239

Arnold, General of the Army Henry H., 59, 70, 103n, 248, 271, 282-83

Aruba, 142-43, 143n, 149n

Arvida, 196

Assiniboine, 123n

ATFERO, 181

Athabasca, 324

Atherton, Ray, 147

Athlone, the Earl of, Governor General of Canada, 28

Atlantic Bridge, 181, 191

Atlantic Charter, 62, 69, 244

Atlantic Conference, 62, 123, 123n, 124-25, 184n, 244, 245

Atlantic Convoy Conference, 125-26, 248-50

Atlantic Fleet, U.S., 123, 124-25, 127, 245, 247

Support Force, 124, 244
Task Force, 111-12, 132

Atomic bomb, 273, 284, 286-87, 288-89, 339

Atomic bombing, postwar threat to U.S. and Canadian cities, 341

Atomic energy research, U.S.-Canadian, 273, 284, 286-89

Atomic energy tripartite agreement, 289

Atomic weapons, 341

Attachés, air-military-naval. See Service attaches.

Attlee, Clement, 289

Attorney General of Canada, 299

Attu, 255-56, 257

Aurora borealis, 236

Australia, 57, 67-68, 70, 72, 82, 84, 235, 281, 295

Avalon Peninsula, 165, 178-79

Aviation, postwar international operations

airports in Canadian northwest, 304
Canadian acquisition of airfields at fraction of cost, 333-34
Canadian fear of U.S. advantages, 340
civil aviation policy, Canadian Government, 303-04, 321
U.S. and Canadian advisory committees, 303n
U.S. and Canadian plans, 303

AWOL problems, 277

Axis, and St. Pierre plebiscite, 159

Axis attack on North America, threat of 47, 87, 95

Axis Powers, 108, 109, 193, 339

Azores, 251

 

Baffin Island, 183, 187. See also Bases, air, U.S., Frobisher Bay (CRYSTAL II), Northwest Territories; Bases, air, U.S., Padloping Island (CRYSTAL III).

Bagley, Vice Adm. D. W., 36

Bahamas, 149n

Baker Lake, 191

Baldwin, J., 135-36

Balkans, 266

Balloons, Japanese, 200

Base Commands. See Newfoundland Base Command.

Bases, air, British

Azores, 251
Iceland, 182, 251
Kaldaharnes, 182
Reykjavik, 182
United Kingdom, 250

Bases, air, Canadian

Adak, 254
Amchitka, 254, 255
Anchorage, 253-54
Annette Island, 252-53, 254, 255
Bellingham, 283
Botwood, 170n
Calgary, 324
Edmonton, 324
Gander Airport, 170, 170 n, 303, 306
Gander Lake, 247
Gleneagles, 170n
Goose Bay, 170n, 188, 303, 306, 314, 324 99-year lease, 189, 303n
Grande Prairie, 324
Halifax, 247
Houlton, 283
Kamloops, 324
Kodiak, 253, 254
Labrador, 304
leased bases, 99-year lease, 170
Lethbridge, 205, 324
Newfoundland, 304
Nome, 253
Nova Scotia, 250
Patricia Bay, 253
postwar use, 303
Prince George, 324
Regina, 186, 324
Sea Island, 253
Smith River, 208, 210, 324
Smithers, 252
Sydney, 247
Torbay, 170n, 172, 173, 184, 247
Ucluelet Airdrome, 351-52
Umnak, 254-55
Watson Lake, 324
Whitehorse, 324
Yarmouth, 247

Bases, air, U.S. See also CRIMSON Project; Fort Chimo (CRYSTAL I), air base; Fort Nelson, U.S. air base; Fort St. John, U.S. air base.

Adak, 254
Alaska, 204, 224
Amchitka, 254
Anchorage, 100, 202
Annette Island, 202, 252
Antilles, 19
Argentia, 96, 168, 178, 244, 247
Azores, 251
Baffin Island, 183, 185n, 186
Bermuda, 97 n, 164
Bethel, 100, 202
Big Delta, 202
Botwood, 165, 172
British possessions, 23
Calgary, 205, 208, 213, 323, 324
Canada, 49, 52, 53, 75, 89-90, 128, 130, 191, 199, 224, 304

bases to become Canadian property, 186, 189-90
Caribbean, 19, 162, 164
Churchill, Manitoba, 130-31, 186, 187, 189, 189n, 284, 304, 316, 324, 325 n
Cordova 100, 202
Cumberland Sound, site survey, 184
Edmonton, 203, 204, 207-0 8, 209-10, 211, 217, 323, 324
Edmonton satellite base. See Bases, air, U.S., Namao.
Fairbanks, 100, 202, 215-16
Frobisher Bay (CRYSTAL II), 130-31, 184, 187, 189, 190, 192-93, 304, 324, 325n
Galena, 202
Gander Airport, 19, 97, 171-72, 182, 183, 184, 190, 191-92, 250, 313-14
Gander Lake, 165, 192
Goose Bay, 130, 131, 184, 187-89, 192, 307, 314, 323, 324. See also Bases. air. U.S., North West River.
Grande Prairie, 201-0 2, 207, 208, 211, 212, 323, 324
Greenland, 149, 182, 183, 186-87, 192

agreement on bases, 152-54
Canadian-British proposal of site survey, 151-52
Canadian use of, 152, 153
construction by U.S., plan No. 2, 152 53
construction with U.S. aid, plan No. 1, 152
site surveys, 151-52
South Greenland Survey Expedition, 154
Gulkana, 202
Harmon Field, 127, 166-68, 169, 173, 192
Iceland, 156-57, 182n, 186, 192, 248, 250
Juneau, 202
Ketchikan, 100
Kodiak, 253
Labrador, 128, 186, 191, 304
McGrath, 202
Maritimes, proposal of, 49-50
Mingan, 188, 189, 190, 324, 325
Naknek, 202
Namao, 208, 211, 316, 323, 324
Narsarssuak (BLUIE WEST 1), 154, 182
Newfoundland, 7, 14, 19-20, 21, 52, 62, 95-96, 97, 164, 181, 186, 187, 191, 250, 304, 307
Nome, 100, 202, 216
North West River, 41, 182-83, 353-54

Bases, air, U.S.--Continued

Northway, 202
Pacific, 199
Padloping Island (CRYSTAL III), 130, 131, 184, 187
postwar use, 303
Presque Isle, 188, 191-92, 247
Prince George, 202, 213, 323, 324
Smithers, 202
Søndre Strømfjord (BLUIE WEST 8), 154 n, 182
Southhampton Island, 130, 186, 187, 189, 190, 192-93, 304, 324, 325n
The Pas, 130, 186-87, 189, 189n, 284, 304, 315, 316, 324, 325n
Trinidad, 97 n
Umnak, 254
Watson Lake, 201, 207, 208, 211, 212, 323, 324
West Indies, 14-15
Whitehorse, 201-0 2, 203, 204, 207, 208, 211, 212, 215, 225, 323, 324, 325, 327
Yakutat, 100, 202, 253
Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, proposal of, 23

Bases, Army, U.S. See also Fort McAndrew; Fort Pepperrell.

Anchorage, 100
Canada, 52
Fairbanks, 100
St. John's, 166

Bases, naval, British

Azores, 251
Boston, 246, 283
Halifax, 246

Bases, naval, Canadian

Argentia, 118
Bay Bulls, 170 n
Boston, 246, 283
Halifax, 123, 246
Kodiak, 255, 283
Maritime Provinces, 99
St. John's 95, 170, 170n, 246
Shelburne, 123

Bases, naval. U.S.

Antilles, 19
Argentia, 116, 118, 127, 132, 167, 168, 178, 244, 246, 247
Azores, 251
British Isles, 243
British possessions, 23
Canada, 52
Caribbean, 19
Dutch Harbor, 100
Greenland, 152-53
Halifax, 49, 123
Iceland, surveys for, 156
Kodiak, 100
Leyte, 272
Maritime Provinces, 49-50
Newfoundland, 52, 62, 95-96
St. John's, 93, 165-66, 173
Shelburne, 49, 123
Sitka, 100
Sydney, Nova Scotia, 49
Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, proposal of, 23

Bases, U.S. See also Destroyers-for-basesv; Legislation, U.S.; Miltary planning, U.S.; Prince Rupert.

Alaska, 238
Argentia, 166
Atlantic, need of, 163
Canada, 23, 26, 29, 32-33, 49-50, 69 n, 88, 107. 301
Caribbean, 163
Latin America, 163
leased

agreements, 62, 96, 97-98, 164, 165, 166-67, 169-70, 188-89, 189n Canada, 23-24
Greenslade Board, 166, 177
Newfoundland, 23, 126-27
99-year lease, 164, 165, 166
Newfoundland, 162, 165, 167-73, 177-78, 307

cost of, 168
defense of, 165-66
undeveloped sites and construction delays, 171
U.S. jurisdiction, 165, 166-67
Pacific, 238
Western Hemisphere, need of, 11

Batt, William L., 78, 79

Battle of the Atlantic, 123, 162, 174, 242-51

Battle of Britain, 8, 47-48, 50, 55-56, 94, 103 4

Battle of Los Angeles, 121

Battle of the St. Lawrence, 174n

Bauxite, 149n

Bay Bulls, 170n

Bearn, 158

Beaverbrook, Lord, 70, 82n

Bechtel-Price-Callahan company, 232, 327, 328

Belgian Congo, 287, 288

Belgium, 293

Bell, R. P., 80

Bell Island, 95

Bell Telephone Company of Canada, 180

Bellingham, 283

Berle, Adolf A., Jr., 78

Bermuda, 97n, 149n, 164

Bethel, 100, 202

Big Delta, 222, 225

Biggar, O. M., 32, 34. 37, 90, 113, 114, 115, 120, 183, 201, 335

Bilateral trade agreement, U.S.-Canadian, 4

Bishop, Air Marshal William, 7

Bismarck, 154, 243

Bissell, Lt. Col. C., 36

Black Watch, 95

Blissville, 305

BLUIE WEST 1, 154, 154n, 182

Board of Inquiry for the Great Lakes Fisheries, U.S.-Canadian, 27

Bombardment Squadrons, U.S.

77th, 203
421st, 248

Bomber Reconnaissance Squadrons, Canadian

No. 8, 254
No. 10, 98n
No. 115, 252n, 255
No. 149, 255

Bonesteel, Maj. Gen. Charles H., 157

Boston, 39, 41, 246

Boston Port of Embarkation, 130, 132, 133

Botwood, 92, 95, 99, 165, 170n, 172, 173

Bouchard, J. G., 78

Boundary, Alaska, 219

Bowman, Isaiah, 157n

Bowman Bay. 191

Brant Maj. Gen. Gerald C., 117-18, 118n, 119-20, 301-02

Brazil, 48, 87, 144

Bristol, Rear Adm. Arthur L., 124, 244

British Air Force. See Royal Air Force.

British Columbia, 71, 88, 101, 106-07, 111, 112, 120, 121, 128, 137, 217, 218, 225n, 259, 281, 298n, 299

British Commonwealth, 15, 20-21, 49, 55, 56-57, 61, 63, 64, 69, 69n, 82, 83, 85, 144, 145, 146, 147n, 160, 161, 282, 293, 294, 298, 338, 339-40. See also British Empire; United Kingdom.

British Commonwealth Air Training Plan, 9-10, 14, 241n, 242, 274-75, 281-83

British Commonwealth Occupation Force, 270

British destroyer fleet, December 1940, 242

British Empire 1, 3-4, 9, 25, 60, 63-64, 68, 69, 164, 293. See also British Commonwealth; United Kingdom.

British Fleet, 3, 49, 272. See also Royal Navy. disposal of, if Britain falls, 8-9, 12-13, 14, 16, 163, 164

British Government. See United Kingdom.

British Guiana, 149n

British Isles. See United Kingdom.

British Military Mission, 58, 63, 72-73

British Navy. See British Fleet; Royal Navy.

British Overseas Airways Company, 312

British Pacific Fleet, 272

British Purchasing Commission, 15, 60, 61, 92

British Scientific Mission, 285, 286

British Supply Council in North America, 61

British West Indies, 9, 295

Brodeur, Rear Adm. V. G., 72, 75n

Buffalo, 39, 41, 102, 198

Burma, 271

Burwash, 206, 207

Bush, Vannevar, 288

Butler, Maj. Gen. William O., 255

Byrd, Lt. Richard E., 2

 

Cabinet, U.S., 218, 219, 228

Cabinet Defense Committee, Canadian, 336

Cabinet War Committee, Canadian, 34, 42, 70, 71, 75, 80-81, 105, 114, 119, 120, 121, 135-36, 137, 183-84, 188, 204, 209, 210-11, 215, 227, 229, 261, 268, 272, 321

Cadres, for Canadian Army Pacific Force, 269, 270

Cairo-Tehran Conference, 66n

Calgary, 205, 208, 213, 323, 324

Cameron Highlanders, 156

Camp 550, Edmonton, 327, 328

Camp Bedford, 262

Camp Breckinridge, 270

Camp Canol, 214

Camp Pine, 22

Camp Shilo, 133, 281

Campbell, 151

Canadian-American Military Board, 275, 276

Canadian claims

title to all U.S. facilities in Canadian northwest, 203-04
to U.S. bases, 186
to U.S. facilities in Canada, Newfoundland, Labrador, 186
to U.S. radar sets, 71

Canadian Forces in Newfoundland, 118-19

Canadian Fusiliers, 257

Canadian grant to United Kingdom, 294-95

Canadian Military Headquarters in United Kingdom, 264

Canadian military mission to Washington. See Joint Staff Mission, Canadian; U.S.-

Canadian relations, areas of Canadian discontent, military mission to Washington.

Canadian National Railways, 196, 238, 239, 284

Canadian Pacific Railway Company, 181

Canadian Prime Minister. See King, W. L. Mackenzie.

Canadian Special Service Battalion, 1st. See First Special Service Force, U.S.-Canadian.

Canadian-U.S. relations. See U.S.-Canadian relations, areas of co-operation; U.S.Canadian relations, areas of Canadian discontent; U.S.-Canadian relations, areas of U.S. discontent.

Canol Project, 52, 128, 135, 136, 200, 214 15, 217, 224, 225, 227, 228-36, 241, 304. 315, 318, 319, 328n, 361-62. See also Air ferry routes, Mackenzie River air route; Flight strips, Canadian; Flight strips, U.S.

agreements, 229-31, 232-33, 234-35
contracts, revision of, 234
disposition of, 329, 331-33
expenditures, 234, 322n
expenditures and sale price, 333
and Special Committee of Senate to Investigate the National Defense Program, 233
Task Force 2600, 127, 231
and U.S. troops in Canada, 297
waiving of Canadian royalties, 278

CAP 365. See Airways, maintenance and control of facilities.

Cape Dorset, Hudson's Bay Company, 191

Cape Low, 191

Carcross, 230, 331

Cargo transport, intercountry, 51

Caribbean, 7, 19, 48, 142-43, 162, 163, 164, 228, 249

Carmichael, J. H., 80

Carnegie Institute, 286

Casablanca conference, 67n, 248

Caucasus, 261

Central Air Defense Zone, U.S., 195, 197

Central America, 48, 142

Central Canada Aircraft Detection Corps, 195, 197-98

Century Group, 19

Ceylon, 271

Chadwick, Sir James, 288

Chalk River, Ontario, 288

Chalk River Atomic Energy Project, 288, 289

Champagne, 226-27

Chautauqua, 3

Chicago Tribune, 18

Chief of General Staff, Canadian, 265, 268

Chief of Naval Operations, U.S., 35, 92, 157, 194, 249. See also King, Admiral Ernest J.

study of Japanese threat, 55n

Chief Signal Officer, U.S. Army, 133-34, 236

Chief of Staff, U.S., 74, 88, 92, 108, 110-11, 113, 115, 187, 219. See also Marshall, General of the Army George C.

Chiefs of Staff. See Chiefs of Staff, British;

Chiefs of Staff, Canadian; Combined Chiefs of Staff, U.S.-British; Joint Chiefs of Staff, U.S.; Joint Staff, Canadian; Joint Staff Mission, British; Joint Staff Mission, Canadian.

Chiefs of Staff, British, 56, 57, 59, 66

Chiefs of Staff, Canadian, 13, 42, 66, 76, 108, 119, 120, 121, 194, 268, 336

Chiefs of Staff, U.S.SeeJoint Chiefs of Staff, U.S.

Chile, 144, 147

China, 3, 58-59, 67, 68, 70, 293, 295

Christie, Loring, 13, 21, 21n, 31, 149

Churchill, Manitoba, 191, 281. See also Bases, air, U.S.

Churchill, Winston S., 8-9, 12-13, 19, 20 21, 21n, 24n, 25, 63-65, 65n, 66, 84-85, 123, 156n, 159, 160, 162-65, 248, 260, 268, 340. See also Roosevelt and Churchill.

CINCLANT, 124

Citizen action groups

program for Canadian action, 18, 18n
U.S. Century Group urges destroyers-forbases, 19

Civil Aeronautics Administration, U.S., 305

Civil Aeronautics Authority, U.S., 202

Civil Air Patrol, 247

Civil air transport. See Aviation, postwar international operations.

Claims, collision, settlement of, 277-78

Clark, Lewis, 291n

Claxton, Brooke, 18n

Coast Artillery Regiments

57th, 96
62d, 96
100th, 195

Coast defense, 317. See also Harbor defenses.

guns, 92, 93-94, 175
Maritime Provinces, 89
units, Canadian, 98-99

Coast Guard, U.S., 125, 152, 192, 245

Coast Guard cutters, 165

Coastal Frontier. See Naval Coastal Frontier, North Atlantic; Naval Coastal Frontier, Pacific; Sea Frontier.

Cold war, 337, 338

Coldwell, M. J., 19n

Colombia, 48

Colonies, European, in Western Hemisphere U.S. policy on, 10, 142-43, 143n, 146, 149-50, 152-53, 158, 163

Columbia, 165

Combined Chiefs of Staff, U.S.-British, 27, 46, 58, 59-60, 62-63, 64, 65n, 66-68, 75, 76, 77-78, 82, 83, 248, 249, 267, 268. See also Conferences, politico-military.

Combined Chiefs of Staffs, etc.--Continued

CRIMSON Project review, 186
third powers participate, 65
U.S. personnel, 59, 59n

Combined Civil Affairs Committee, 65-66

Combined Committee on Air Training in North America, 283

Combined Communications Board, 65

Combined Food Board, U.S.-British, 83-84, 84n

Combined versus joint agencies, 77-78

Combined Meteorological Committee, 65

Combined Policy Committee (atomic research), 288

Combined Production and Resources Board, U.S.-British, 83, 84n

Combined Raw Materials Board, U.S.-British, 63, 79, 83, 84n

Combined Shipping Adjustment Board, U.S.British, 63, 83

Command, unity of, 109, 140-41, 340

in ABC-1 plan, 102-03
antisubmarine operations, under Canadian control, 251
AAF-USN dispute, antisubmarine air cover, 247
in Canada and Newfoundland, 110-22
Canadian antiaircraft battery under U.S. control, 195
in Canadian Armed Forces, 121-22
Canadian insistence on mutual co-operation, 110-11, 356
convoys, eastern Atlantic, under USN and RN, 248-49
convoys, western Atlantic
under Royal Canadian Navy, 125 26, 245-46, 248-49
under U.S. Navy, 123-26, 244, 248-49
U.S. patrol planes, Newfoundland, under RCAF, 249
for Joint Task One, antisubmarine air patrol, 118
lack of, in ABC-22 plan, 103-04, 105-06
lack of, in British Columbia, 120-21
lack of, in Canada and Newfoundland, 74
lack of, in Newfoundland, 97, 98, 104
lack of, in 1940 Plan, 88-90
Newfoundland air patrol, under USN, 247
U.S. antisubmarine aircraft, Newfoundland, under RCAF, 250
U.S. insistence upon, 342
vested in U.S. under 1940 Plan, 115

Commander in Chief, Western Approaches, 122; 243, 245-46

Commodity Supply and Allocation Committees, 83. See also Combined Food Board.

Communication channels, multiplicity of, 134

Communication facilities, 86, 130-31, 141, 318

Alaska Communications System, 133-34
Alaska Highway and Canol radio nets, 236, 237
Army Airways Communications Service, 133
Canada, 52, 136, 190, 190n, 349-50
Canadian northwest, 236-37
Greenland, 149
Maritimes, 349-50
Newfoundland, 118, 179, 180, 190n, 349-50
Newfoundland (Gander) Airport, 190
telephone and telegraph line, Edmonton to Alaska, 236-37, 305-06, 323, 324, 325, 325n
White Hills, Newfoundland, 167

Communications agreement, U.S.-Canadian. See JAN-CAN.

Communications Committee, U.S.-Canadian, 139.

Compulsory military service for aliens, 276. See also Conscription.

Conant, James B., 288

Conception Bay, 174-75

Conferences, politico-military

ARCADIA, Washington, 59, 63-64, 67, 67n, 75
ARGONAUT, Malta-Yalta, 66n
ATLANTIC, Argentia, 62, 123, 123n, 124 25, 184n, 244, 245
OCTAGON, Quebec, 66, 268, 272
Ottawa Air Training Conference, 282-83
QUADRANT, Quebec, 67, 82, 288
SEXTANT-EUREKA, Cairo-Tehran, 66n
SYMBOL (ANFA), Casablanca, 66n, 248
TERMINAL, Potsdam, 66n
TRIDENT, Washington, 66

Congress, U.S., 274, 289, 300-301. See also Legislation, U.S.

Conscription. See also Compulsory military service for aliens.

French-Canadian opposition to World War I, 206
use of Canadian conscripts outside of Canada, 257-58, 258n

Construction and Engineering Committee, U.S.-Canadian, 139

Construction of facilities. See also Engineer Districts; Engineer Divisions; Engineer Troops, U.S.; Engineers, Chief of; Roads, Newfoundland.

Alaska Highway, 218-27
Baffin Island, 184
Canada, bases and facilities, 126-31, 133 40, 304n

Construction of facilities--Continued

Canada, review and authorization of projects, 139, 140
Canol Project, 228-32, 234-35
CRIMSON Project, 184-90
Goose Bay, separate facilities for U.S. forces, 188, 314, 323
Greenland, 182
Labrador, 182-84
Mackenzie River air route, 213-15, 318
Newfoundland bases, 162-63, 166, 167-73
Newfoundland fortifications, radar, roads, 175-80
no continuing rights for U.S. in Canada, 320, 322, 334
Northwest Staging Route, 199-213, 318
Prince Rupert, 239-40
Quebec, 184
telephone-telegraph line, Edmonton to Alaska, 236-37, 305
water route, Waterways to Norman Wells, 231
winter roads, 231-32

Consulates. See Diplomatic missions.

Contracts, with Canada

cancellation of, 292-93
revision to allow profits, 293

Controlled areas, railroad, The Pas to Churchill, 284

Controller of Meteorological Services, Canadian, 190

Convoys. See also Atlantic Convoy Conference; Command, unity of, convoys, eastern Atlantic, under USN and RN; Command, unity of, convoys, western Atlantic; Newfoundland Escort Force; Task Group 4.19.

Atlantic, U.S. escort, Canada to British Isles, 243
Atlantic coast, 246
Eastern Local Area, 246, 248
with escort aircraft carriers, 249
fast and slow convoys, 245
Greenland, 249
Iceland-Momp shuttle, 246, 248
Kodiak to Dutch Harbor, 256
to Mediterranean, 248-49
Mid-ocean Area, 246, 247
North Africa, 246-47
North Atlantic, 246-47, 251
Pacific, 105-06
routing of, 245
troops for Attu and Kiska operations, 256
troops to Mediterranean, 248-49
troops to United Kingdom, 125, 246
western Atlantic, 48, 49, 88, 105-06, 122 23, 125-26, 242-43, 244, 245-46, 248
loss rate, 158
unified command under U.S., 123-24
Western Local Area, 246, 247

Coral Harbour, 191

Corbett, Percy, 144

Cordova, 100, 202

Corlett, Maj. Gen. Charles H., 258

Cormoran, 191

CORONET, 269

Corps, U.S. XVI, 241

Corps Areas, Ninth, 121

Corps of Engineers. See Engineers, Corps of.

Corvettes

British, 243
Canadian, 122, 243, 244, 246, 249, 251, 256
Free French, 246

COTTAGE, 257

Courts, Canadian civil, concurrent jurisdiction over U.S. troops, 297, 298-99

Courts, U.S. military

full jurisdiction over U.S. troops, 300
jurisdiction in Canada, limits to, 297

Courts-martial, in Canada, 298, 300, 301. See also Courts, U.S. military.

Craig, Malin, 149n

Crerar, Gen. Henry D. G., 241

CRIMSON Project, 127, 130-31, 132, 190, 191, 192-93, 318. See also Air ferry routes, North Atlantic.

bases, 181
preparatory studies, 182-87
review of American plan by JCS, 45-46
urgent construction project, 187, 188

Crops, 79

Crown Assets Allocation Committee, Canadian, 326

Cruisers

British, 244
Canadian, 251, 256, 272

Cryolite

international meeting, New York, on output, 151
mines, 149-50, 151, 154-55
synthetic, 154-55, 155n

CRYSTAL I (Fort Chimo). See Fort Chimo (CRYSTAL I), air base.

CRYSTAL II (Frobisher Bay). See Bases, air, U.S., Frobisher Bay (CRYSTAL II).

CRYSTAL III (Padloping Island), 130, 131, 184, 187

Cuffe, Air Commodore A. A. L., 17, 32, 37.

Cumberland Sound, Baffin Inland, 184

Curaçao, 143n 149 n

Curtis, Air Vice Marshal W. A., 37

Customs duties, Canadian, 278, 358

avoidance of, on U.S. equipment, 257
on surplus property, 326-27

Customs duties, Newfoundland, 169

Customs duties, U.S., 358 avoidance of, on Canadian equipment, 254

Cutters, U.S. Coast Guard, 245

Czechoslovakia, 293

 

Dawson, 256

Dawson Creek, 128, 202, 221-22, 225, 236, 298n. See also Flight strips, Canadian, Beatton River. de Gaulle, General Charles, 158-60

Declarations of war

by Canada, 5, 19-20, 69, 107-0 8, 162
by United Kingdom, 5, 68
by United States, 107-08

Decorations, 265-66

Deerwester, Col. C. H., 36

Defense, Pan American. See American Republics, defense.

Defense, U.S.-Canadian. See also Military planning, U.S.-Canadian; Permanent Joint Board on Defense; Plans, defense and war.

belligerent Canada, neutral U.S., complication of, 93-94, 160-61, 244
change in emphasis after Pearl Harbor, 109
defense statement, 12 February 1947, 337 39, 374-75
joint defense, demand in Canada for, 21-22
joint defense, necessity of, 1 2, 22
joint planning for, 86-108
military value of facilities in Canadian northwest, 335
Newfoundland, two defense systems, 180
postwar security requirements, 336, 337
and U.S. troops in Canada, 296-97

Defense Commands

Alaska, 112, 202, 215-16, 224n, 303
co-ordination with many commands, 111
Eastern, 132, 173-74, 197, 198
Northeast, 101, 111-12
Western, 100-101, 107, 112, 120, 121, 197, 252, 256, 302-03, 302n

Defense Department, U.S., 50n

Denmark, 149, 153, 293. See also Iceland. Germany, occupation of, 150, 152-53

Dental service, 277

Department of the Air Force, 35n

Department of External Affairs, Canadian, 34, 35, 41, 42, 135, 136, 151, 160, 297, 312, 336. See also Keenleyside, Hugh L.

Department of Mines and Resources, Canadian, 135, 136, 219

Department of National Defense, Canadian, 5, 34, 35, 42, 263, 264, 266, 328

Department of National Defense for Air, Canadian, 136, 328

Department of State, U.S., 24, 28-29, 31, 32, 34, 38, 42, 43n, 57-58, 60, 68, 69, 70, 71, 73, 135, 144, 146, 147, 150-54, 155, 158, 159, 160, 169-70, 189n, 219, 221n, 229, 234, 303n, 311, 312, 328n, 336

Department of State Bulletin, 28-29

Department of Transport, Canadian, 135, 136, 184, 187, 201, 203, 205, 207-08, 209, 212-13, 236, 237, 238, 302n, 307, 308, 309, 323, 328

Deserters, 277

Destroyers. See also Destroyers-for-bases.

British 242, 243, 246, 249
Canadian, 122, 243, 244, 246, 251
Polish, 246
U.S., 246
to Canada, 92
sale of to Canada, proposal, 163, 164

Destroyers-for-bases, 19, 21, 23-24, 29, 32, 49, 62, 69n, 92, 95, 126, 162-65, 165n, 242. See also Bases, air, Canadian, leased; Bases, U.S., leased; Legislation, U.S. delivery of destroyers, 165

DeWitt, Lt. Gen. John L., 41n, 252, 253, 256

Dieppe raid, 257n

Dill, Field Marshal Sir John, 288

Dimond, Anthony, 221

Diplomatic missions

British, in Iceland, 157
British, in South America, 146
British, in Washington, 69, 149. See also Lothian, Lord.
Canadian, in Greenland, 150-51.
Canadian, in Latin America, 144, 147, 148, 161
Canadian, in Washington, 31, 42n, 71n, 135, 282. See also Christie, Loring.
Danish, in Washington, 150
Icelandic, in U.S., 155
U.S., in Greenland, 150
U.S., in London, 163
U.S., in Ottawa, 135, 234, 271, 282, 291n, 310n, 312. See also Atherton, Ray; Moffat, Jay Pierrepont. U.S., in St. John's, 117-18, 177
U.S.-Canadian, embassy status for, 76
USSR, in Washington, 216

Doenitz, Admiral Karl, 242

Donald, J. R., 80

Douglas Harbour, 191

Douglass, Lt. Col. R. W., Jr., 35

Drummond, L. E., 135

Duff, Sir Lyman, 299

Dunkerque, 7-8, 47-48, 90

Dunn, Brig. Gen. Beverly C., 139

Durand, E. Dana, 78

Dutch East Indies, 103n, 228

Dutch Harbor, 100, 253-54, 256

 

East Hope Lake, Hudson's Bay Company, 191

Eastern Air Command, 99, 112, 125, 249

Eastern Defense Command, 132, 173-74, 197, 198

Eastern Theater of Operations, 127

Economy. See also Pay.

Canadian, 199, 207, 210, 273
Newfoundland, 168-69

Edmonton, 127-28, 133, 135, 137, 199-200, 202, 203, 204, 224, 236-37, 238-39, 305, 306, 307-08, 323, 324

Edmund B. Alexander, 96

Egypt, 293

Eire, 16

Eisenhower, General Dwight D., 265, 266

Eldorado Mining and Refining, Limited, 228

Election, U.S. presidential, 55, 56

Embassies. See Diplomatic missions.

Embick, Lt. Gen. Stanley D., 31, 32, 36, 102, 107-08

Emergency stations, U.S., in Canada, 70

Emerson, L. E., 41n, 179

Empress of Asia, 244

Engineer Districts

Dawson Creek, 128
Edmonton, 128
Fairbanks, 128
Hudson, 127, 130
Newfoundland, 127, 166, 167
Skagway, 128, 226
Whitehorse, 128

Engineer Divisions

North Atlantic, 127, 130, 132, 139
Northwest, 128, 132, 135, 139

Engineer Regiments, 330th Engineer General Service, 130, 187

Engineer troops, U.S., 172, 214, 221, 223, 318

Alaska Highway, pioneer road, construction of, 222
Canol Project, 231
Greenland, 154
use of, in Canada, 207
use of, and withdrawal from Canada, 206

Engineers, Chief of, 127-28, 130, 140, 219, 228

Engineers, Corps of, 127, 130, 132, 136, 139, 166, 188, 195, 209, 211, 222, 226, 229, 239, 240, 328n

England. See United Kingdom.

English Channel, 8, 56

Enlistment, of Americans in Canadian Armed Forces, 241-42, 241n, 274-75, 281-82

Enlistment, of Canadians in U.S. Armed Forces, 242

ESKIMO, 281

Eskimo Point, 191

Esquimalt, 255, 272

Etawney Lake, 191

Ethiopia, 3, 293

European Theater of Operations, 241, 317, 318

Evans, Pvt. William, 298n

Exchange. See also Morgenthau-Ilsley agreement; Roosevelt, Franklin D., Hyde Park Declaration. Canadian, made available to U.K., 294

Canadian need of U.S. dollars, 291
Canadian surplus of U.S. dollars, 292-93, 292n, 322
limits on Canadian holdings of U.S. dollars, 322

Executive Agreement Series, U.S., 29

Executive Agreements

on Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway, deferral of, 274
Ogdensburg Declaration, 28-29

Executive Orders, ATC authorized to carry passengers for hire, 312-13

Exercises. See by name. Explosives, 286

Exports, Canadian, to United States, 291-92

 

Facilities. See Airways, maintenance and control of facilities; Construction of facilities; Facilities in Canada; Transportation facilities.

Facilities in Canada

Alaska Highway, gift to Canada, 329-31
to become Canadian property: PJBD recommendation, 320, 325
to become Canadian property after reimbursement to U.S., 326
disposition of, 44, 54, 317-20, 358-59, 364-65
negotiated settlement, 333-34
sale of, to Canada, 327-34
and surplus property, 328-29
transfer to Canada, 323, 325

Fairbanks, 100, 202, 215-16, 222, 225, 227, 230, 232, 234n, 235, 237, 308, 331, 332, 333

Far East, 103n, 202

Ferguson, George, 18n

Fermi, Enrico, 287

Fighter Squadrons, Canadian

No. 14, 254, 255

Fighter Squadrons, Canadian--Continued

No. 111, 253, 254-55
No. 115, 252, 252n
No. 118, 254, 255
No. 135, 255

Financing. See also projects by name

airfields, in eastern Canada, 323
airfields, northern, expenditures on, U.S. and Canadian, 323, 324, 333-34
Alaska Highway, 220, 221, 224
atomic energy research, 287, 288
Canol Project, 230, 232-33
Goose Bay air base, 323
Mackenzie River air route, 213
Northwest Staging Route, 202, 203, 211 12, 213-14, 220, 320-21

Canadian payment for permanent improvements, 322-23
projects in Canada, at U.S. expense, 320
telephone-telegraph line, Alaska Highway, 323
telephone-telegraph line, for RCAF, 306

First Quebec Conference, 66, 82, 288

First Special Service Force, U.S.-Canadian, 51, 258-68

administrative agreements on, 262-63
administrative problems for Canadian personnel, 263-64
and Aleutian campaign, 258-59, 266
awards and decorations, problem of, 265-66
Canadian replacements, problem of, 265
casualties, 266
evaluation of, 267-68
and invasion of France, 266-67
and Italian campaign, 265, 266
training of, 261-62

Fleets, U.S.

Fifth, 272
Pacific, 112, 125, 255

Flight strips, Canadian

Aishihik, 208, 210, 324
Beatton River, 208, 210, 324
Snag, 208, 210, 324
Teslin, 208, 210, 324

Flight strips, U.S. See also Fort Simpson; Fort Smith, Northwest Territories.

Alaska Highway, 206, 207, 304, 315, 324, 330
Burwash, 206, 207
Camp Canol, 214
Canol Project, 214, 304, 316
Dawson Creek, 206, 207
Embarras, 214
Fort Providence, 214
Fort Resolution, 214
Fort Simpson, 214
Fort Smith, 214
Hay River, 214
Liard River, 206, 207
Mackenzie River air route, 214, 322n, 323
Mills Lake, 214
Norman Wells, 214
Peace River, 214
Pine Lake, 206, 207
Pon Lake, 206, 207
Prophet River, 206, 207
Sikanni Chief River, 206, 207
Squanga Lake, 206, 207
U.S. alternates for Canadian staging fields, 206, 213, 304
Waterways, 214
weather stations, 237
Wrigley, 214

Flying Control Committee, U.S.-Canadian, 139

Food, purchases in Canada, 137n. See also Combined Food Board, U.S.-British; War Food Administrator, U.S.

Foreign Liquidation Commissioner, U.S., 328, 333, 334

Foreign policy, Canadian, and United Nations, 337

Forrestal, James V., 24, 31n, 80

Fort Benning, 281

Fort Brady, Ottawa, 195

Fort Chimo (CRYSTAL I), air base, 130, 184, 185, 186, 187, 189, 190, 192, 284, 304, 324, 325n

Fort Fitzgerald, 231

Fort Good Hope, 215

Fort McAndrew, 127, 167-68, 173, 175, 178, 179, 180

Fort McMurray, 284

Fort McPherson, 215

Fort Nelson, 201, 202, 207, 208, 211, 212, 215, 323, 324

Fort Pepperrell, 96, 127, 167-68, 173, 180

Fort Providence, 214, 231

Fort Richardson, 254

Fort Ross, 284

Fort St. John, 127, 201, 202, 207, 208, 211, 212, 219, 221, 227, 323, 324

Fort Simpson, 214, 215

Fort Smith, Northwest Territories, 135, 214, 231, 232

Fort Stevens, 122n

Fort William Henry Harrison, 261-62

Fort Yukon, 215

Foster, Brigadier Harry W., 257

Foster, L. B., Company, 333

Foster, Maj. Gen. W. W., 137-41, 224, 344

France, 293, 295, 339

fall of, 6, 7-8, 9-10, 18, 20, 47-48, 60, 90, 95, 131, 142, 144, 156, 158, 162, 163, 242, 290
invasion of, 266-67
invasion build-up, 251
matériel aid for, 15
member, Military Representatives of the Associated Pacific Powers, 68
sabotage raids in, 266

Frederick, Lt. Col. Robert T., 260

Free French, 158-59, 160

naval force from Halifax takes St. Pierre, 159
occupation of St. Pierre and Miquelon, 50

French Committee of National Liberation, 159

Frigates, Canadian, 251

Frobisher Bay (CRYSTAL II). See Bases, air, U.S.

Fry, Eric, 183

 

Gaffney, Col. D. V., 209

Gander Lake, 165, 192, 247

Gaspé SeeHarbor defenses.

Gaspé Peninsula, 89

General Headquarters, U.S. Army, 112, 127

General Staff, Canadian, 113, 260-61

George, Brig. Gen. Harold L., 130

Germany, 8, 10, 11, 102-0 3, 105. 339. See also Declarations of war.

air attacks on Great Britain, 55-56
collapse of, 334
failure to attempt Channel crossing, 56
Greenland, activities in, 154n
Greenland, aerial reconnaissance of, 154
Greenland weather stations, British seizure of, 154
invasion of USSR, 244
naval and air power, Atlantic, 197
naval operations, 154-55
occupation of Denmark, 149, 155
occupation of France, 7
St. Pierre radio-weather station, 158
submarines, increased number on patrol duty, 248
surrender of. 270
threat to bases in Greenland, Iceland, West Indies, 142
threat to Greenland, 150, 151
threat to Iceland, 155

Gleneagles, 170n

Glenn Highway, 225

Godthaab, 150

Goose Bay. See Bases, air, Canadian, Goose Bay; Bases, air, U.S., Goose Bay and North West River; Newfoundland.

Gordon, Herbert, 271n

Gordon, Walter 80

Governor General, Canada, 28, 299-300

Graham, James H., 228

Grand Prairie, 201-0 2, 207, 208, 211, 212. 323, 324

Great Bear Lake mine, 287, 288

Great Britain. See United Kingdom.

Great Circle Route to Europe, 303

Great Circle Route to the Orient, 201. 303

Great Falls, 204, 205

Great Lakes, 1, 278-80

Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River defense, 198

Great Lakes-St. Lawrence seaway, 50, 274

Greece, 293, 295

Green Project, AAF, 192, 319

Greenland, 14, 48, 50, 87, 88, 105, 142, 154, 155, 161, 182, 341. See also Bases, air, U.S.; Plans, defense and war, ABC-1.

American protectorate, suggestion by Denmark, 150
Canadian interest, basis of, 151
Canadian memo to U.S. on security of cryolite mines, 150
cryolite output, and New York City meeting, 151
defense of, 149-55

conflicting American policies on, 150 51
protection for mines, Canadian offers of, 151, 154
German-controlled weather station, 154
German planes, aerial reconnaissance. 154
request for U.S. protection, 150, 151
U.S. opposition to Canadian or U.K. occupation, 149-50, 151

GREENLIGHT. See Infantry Brigades, Canadian 13th.

Greenslade, Rear Adm. John W., 166

Greenslade Board, 166, 177

Groves, Maj. Gen. L. R., 288

Guided missiles, 341

 

Hackworth, Green H., 164n

Hague Convention, 10

Haines, 226

Haines-Champagne road, 226-27, 330-31

Halifax, Lord, 59, 146

Halifax, Nova Scotia, 39, 41, 49, 123, 124, 125, 159, 165, 242, 244, 245, 246, 247, 305

Hamilton, 165

Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation, 266

Handy, General Thomas T., 269

Hansen, Alvin H., 78

Harbor defenses. See also Coast defense.

Harbor defenses--Continued

Argentia, 354
Bell Island, 95, 173
Botwood, 92, 95, 99, 173
Canadian, 89-90
Gaspé, 92
Juan de Fuca Strait, 93, 107
Prince Rupert, British Columbia, 94, 239
Puget Sound, 93, 106
St. John's, 92, 93, 95, 96, 99, 116, 173
Shelburne, 92

Harmon Field, 127, 166-68, 169, 173, 178, 192

Harrison, W. A., 80

Havana, 11, 26, 143, 144

Hawaii, 312

Hay River, Alberta, 231, 232

Heakes, Group Capt. F. V., 37

Hebron, 183

Helena, 237, 261

Henry, Maj. Gen. Guy V., 36, 207, 334-35

Henry, R. A. C., 78

Hepburn, Rear Adm. A. J., 41n

Herchmer, 191

Heuvelton, New York, 23, 28n

Hickerson, John D., 32, 36, 136-37, 256

Highways. See Roads; and by name.

Hill, Capt. Harry W., 31, 32, 36

Hiroshima, 284

Hitler, Adolf, 8, 156, 334

Hobbs, Col. G. K., 130

Hockenberry, Lt. Col. E. W., 36

Holyrood, 179

Hong Kong, 71n, 272n

Honshu Island, 200, 272

Hopkins, Harry, 48, 82, 123, 156

Hospital facilities, for Canadian troops in U.S. Army hospital, 277

Houlton, 283

House of Commons, British, 8, 13

House of Commons, Canadian, 15n, 18, 23, 24, 28, 92, 119, 144, 146, 162, 235, 319, 321, 338

House Joint Resolution 367, 11

House of Representatives, 274

Howe, C. D., 61, 185n, 203, 205, 209, 288, 308, 309 316n, 321

Hudson, Alkert B., 299

Hudson Bay, 194-95, 196, 281

U.S. policy on, 194n

Hudson's Bay Company, 151, 231, 284

Hull, Cordell, 12, 13, 14, 15, 19, 35, 55, 59, 62, 68, 71n, 75, 143n, 149-50, 151-53, 153n, 159, 160, 164n, 218, 254, 279, 291. See also Department of State, U.S.

Hyde Park, 29

Hyde Park Declaration. See Roosevelt, Franklin D., Hyde Park Declaration.

Hydroelectric plants

Lake of St. Francis, power increase, 273
Niagara Falls, power increase, 273
Norwegian and Alpine, 259

Hydroelectric projects, 50, 274

 

Iceland, 9, 48, 49, 50, 123, 124, 162, 182, 243, 244-45, 250, 293, 341. See also Bases, air, British; Bases, air, U.S.; Bases, naval, U.S.

American troops in, 156, 157
British troops, occupation by, 155
defense of, 14, 155-57
Denmark, Act of the Union with, 155
and Denmark, King of, 155
German bases, threat of, 142
Hitler declares island in war zone, 156
President of, 157n
refusal to request U.S. troops, 157
request for Monroe Doctrine protection, 155

Ickes, Harold, 230

Ilford, 191

Ilsley, J. L., 322.

Imperial Oil Company, Limited, 228, 229, 232-33, 234-35, 331, 333

Imperial War Cabinet, London, 64

Imports, Canadian, from United States, 292

Income tax, Canadian, 278

India, 67, 82, 295

INDIGO, 157

Industry, Canadian, 14. See also Munitions, Canadian; Munitions, U.S.; War production.

materiel production program, 5, 86
need of U.S. dollars, 291
and U.S. machine tools, 92n, 290-91

Industry, U.S.-Canadian. See also Munitions, Canadian; Munitions, U.S.; War production.

joint production program, proposal, 341 42, 350
production capacity, wartime expansion, 290-91, 342

Infantry Battalions, Canadian, 95, 99, 142, 257

Infantry Brigades, Canadian 13th, 257-58, 259

Infantry Divisions, Canadian

2d, 156, 156n
3d, 99
6th, 270, 317
7th, 317
8th, 317

Infantry Regiments, U.S.

3d, 96, 175
17th, 258
53d, 258

Infantry Regiments, U.S.--Continued

87th Mountain, 258
131st, 195
184th, 258
474th (Separate), 267

Installations. See Communication facilities; Construction of facilities; Facilities in Canada; Flight strips, Canadian; Flight strips, U.S.; Weather stations, U.S.; under Bases; and by name.

Institute of International Affairs, Canadian, 337

Intelligence

exchange of, 347
and exchange of staff officers, 280

Intelligence Division, U.S. War Department General Staff, 17

Inter-Allied Personnel Board, 275, 276

Inter-American Defense Board, 145 Interior Staging Route, British Columbia, 306. See also Air ferry routes.

International Conference of American States, 143

International Fisheries Commission, U.S.Canadian, 27

International Joint Commission, U.S.-Canadian, 27

International Joint Defense Plan for Juan de Fuca Strait and Puget Sound, 106-0 7

International law, 339

and Canadian jurisdiction over its forces in U.S., 300-301
jurisdiction over friendly foreign forces, 297n

International Pacific Salmon Fisheries Commission, 27

Iran, 293

Iraq, 293

Iron ore, 193, 273, 274

Isolationism, U.S., 2

Italy, 10, 241, 264, 265, 266, 293

declaration of existence of state of war, by U.S., 108
surrender of, 251

Ivigtut, 149, 151

 

Jamaica, 49, 142, 149n

James Bay, 194, 196

JAN-CAN (Joint Army, Navy, Canadian), 302-0 3

communications and air traffic control, 302
dissolved February 1944, 305

JAN-CAN Committee, U.S.-Canadian, 141

Japan, 10, 87, 94, 100, 107-0 8, 143n, 162, 252, 317, 334, 335, 339. See also Aleutian campaign; Attu; Kiska.

attack on Dutch Harbor, 253
Attu, occupation of, 255
build-up on Attu and Kiska, 256
Canadian desire to participate in final assault on, 268
Canadian attitude toward occupation of, 270
carrier task force attack on Dutch Harbor, 204
diplomatic discussions with, 70
Kiska, evacuation of, 259
Kiska, occupation of, 204, 255
Kiska garrison, attacks on 254-55
surrender of, 270, 271, 319
task force off Aleutians, 253
threat to Alaska, 252, 255
threat of attack on Aleutians, 253
threat in Pacific, 55, 70
threat to west coast, 199, 318
threat to west coast shipping, 218
threat to western Canada, 255

Japanese, evacuation of, from west coast, 284

Japanese balloons, 200

Japanese population, Prince Rupert, evacuation of, 240

Jesuit College, Edmonton, 327, 328

Jeter, Capt. T. P., 36

Johnson, Vice Adm. A. W., 36

Johnson, Air Vice Marshal George, 249

Joint Agricultural Committee, U.S.-Canadian, 81, 84n

Joint Army and Navy Munitions Board Priorities Committee, U.S., 61

Joint Basic Defense Plan, Newfoundland, 117, 119

Joint Basic Defense Plan--1940. See Plans, defense and war, Joint Basic Defense Plan--1940, U.S.-Canadian.

Joint Basic Defense Plans 1 and 2, 89, 101 0 2, 103-0 4, 105, 112-15

Joint Board, U.S., 45, 46

Joint Chiefs of Staff, U.S., 10, 45, 46, 56, 59n, 66, 76, 106, 120, 268, 269, 270, 280, 336

Joint Declaration by the United Nations, 69

Joint Defense Production Committee, U.S.Canadian, 79

Joint Economic Committees, U.S. and Canadian, 78-80, 84n

Joint Material Coordinating Committee, 79, 83, 84

Joint Service Committee, Canadian, 121

Joint Staff, Canadian, 34, 51, 52, 76, 135, 268, 269, 270, 280

Joint Staff, U.S.SeeJoint Chiefs of Staff, U.S.

Joint Staff Mission, British, 58, 63, 72, 73

Joint Staff Mission, Canadian, 72-76, 104, 112, 113, 248, 260, 264, 267, 268, 280, 336, 342

Joint Task One (protection of overseas shipping), 122, 125. See also Submarine, antisubmarine operations.

Joint Task Two (defense of Newfoundland), 116

Joint Travel Control Board, U.S.-Canadian, 141, 224

Joint War Aid Committee, U.S. and Canada, 82, 84n

Joint War Production Committee, U.S.Canadian, 80, 84n. See also Joint Defense Production Committee, U.S.Canadian.

Jones, Rear Adm, G. C., 37

Juan de Fuca Strait, 106-0 7, 111

Julianehaab, 182

Julius Thomsen, 151

Jurisdiction, 134, 165-67, 169, 189, 296-301

U.S.-Australian and U.S.-New Zealand agreements, 298
U.S.-British agreement, 297-98
U.S.-Canadian agreements, 299-301

 

Kaldaharnes, 182

Kamloops, 324

Kauffmann, Henrik de, 150, 152-53

Keenleyside, Hugh L., 2n, 12, 18n, 21n, 31, 32, 33n, 34, 35, 37, 78, 310n

Kennedy, Joseph P., 8, 163

Kenny, Air Commodore W. R., 71-72

Kerwin, Patrick, 299

Ketchikan, 100, 202

Kiel Canal, 193

King, Admiral Ernest J., 59, 59n, 249

King, W. L. Mackenzie, 3, 4, 9, 12, 13-15, 18-19, 20, 21, 21n, 22, 23, 25, 34, 42, 59, 60, 62, 64-65, 65n, 66, 68, 69n, 70 71, 71n, 73, 76, 92, 114, 119, 120, 121, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 150, 159, 160, 162, 218, 220-21, 260, 288, 289, 303-0 4, 319-20, 321, 336, 338. See also Roosevelt and King.

Kingston, Ontario, 3, 24

Kiska, 254-56, 265, 266

assault on, 256, 257, 258-59
assault force, 255, 258
occupation of, 255

Klondike gold rush, 225

Kluane, 226

Knox, Frank, 19, 32, 164, 194. See also Secretary of the Navy, U.S.

Knudsen, William S., 79

Kodiak, 100, 253, 254, 255, 283

Kure, 272

 

Labor, Canadian, 134. See also Western Labor Board, Canadian.

co-ordination of, 137
inadequacy of, 205-0 6, 207, 209, 210
Northwest Staging Route, 209, 210, 212

Labor, U.S.

Alaska Highway, 221, 222, 227, 318
Argentia, 168
Canadian northwest, 199
Canadian projects, 296
Canol Project, 318
Northwest Staging Route, 208, 209-10
telephone-telegraph line, 236-37

Labrador, 20, 48, 130-31, 149n, 162, 163, 182-83, 258n, 302, 303, 304, 305. See also Bases, air, U.S., Goose Bay, Labrador, and North West River; CRIMSON Project.

Lacey, Capt. J. K., 151

Ladd Field. See Bases, air, U.S., Fairbanks.

LaGuardia, Mayor Fiorello H., 22n, 31-32, 31n, 34, 36, 38n, 41, 42, 50, 52n, 90, 96, 113-14, 119-20, 171, 183, 185n, 218, 220n, 275, 327

Lake Harbour, Hudson's Bay Company, 191

Lake Huron, 193

Lake of St. Francis, 273

Lake Superior, 193

Landing strips. See Flight strips, Canadian; Flight strips, U.S.

Latin America, 7, 87, 142, 144, 145, 147, 148, 149. See also American Republics. defense of, 161, 341

U.S. policy, in connection with Canadian and Commonwealth interest, 161

Laurier, Sir Wilfred, 2

Lawrence, Air Vice Marshal T. A., 305

Le Pensie, 191

Le Régiment de Hull, 257

Leahy, Admiral William D., 59n

Leased bases. See Destroyers-for-bases; Legislation, U.S.; and under Bases.

LeCapelain, C. D., 135

Leckie, Air Marshal R., 271

Legations. See Diplomatic missions.

Legislation, British, United States of America (Visiting Forces) Act, 1942, 298, 299, 300

Legislation, Canadian

Defense Air Regulations, 305n
Dominion Companies' Act, 326n
Foreign Forces Order, 297, 298-99
full jurisdiction for U.S. service courts, 300
Mutual Aid Act, 295
National Resources Mobilization Act, 1940, 257-58
oil industry, partial government ownership, 233, 235

Legislation, Canadian--Continued

Surplus Crown Assets Act, 326n
uranium mines, government ownership, 288
U.S. jurisdiction, removal of exceptions to 299
War Appropriation (United Nations Mutual Aid) Act, 1943, 81-82, 294
War Measures Act of 1914, 5, 299-300

Legislation, U.S.

aircraft, equipment and munitions, 6
Alaska Highway, designation of, 221n
Atomic Energy Act, 1946, 289
claims commissions, 278
contract renegotiation, 293
critical matériel, transfer of, 92-93
jurisdiction over friendly foreign forces 300-301
Lend-Lease Act, 82, 83, 166, 177, 181-82, 242, 293
limits on transfer of critical supplies, 15
machine tools, export licensing, 290-91
military and naval assistance to American republics, 11
Naval Expansion Act, 1938, 6
Neutrality Act, 1937, 68
Selective Service and Training Act, 1940 276
surplus matériel, sale of, 92

LEMMING, 281

Lend-lease. See also Bases, U.S., leased; Destroyers-for-bases; Legislation, Canadian, War Appropriation (United Nations Mutual Aid) Act; Legislation, U.S., Lend-Lease Act; Mutual Aid program, Canadian.

40-billion-dollar program, 293
aircraft deliveries, 182, 318
component parts for Canadian-built equipment, 292
convoy of lend-lease cargoes, 243
matériel in Canada, 329
purchases in Canada for transfer to U.K., 292
repairs to British naval vessels, 242
summary of, 293
total cost, 295

Les Fusiliers de Sherbrooke, 99

Les Fusiliers Mont-Royal, 156

Lethbridge, 205, 324

Letson, Maj. Gen. H. F. G., 72, 269, 270

Leyte, 272

Liaison, Canadian. See also Service attachés. with Combined Chiefs of Staff, 65 with U.S. construction projects, 135, 343

Liaison, U.S.-British, 20-21, 20n, 58, 110, 122, 124, 242-43, 244. See also Combined Chiefs of Staff; Military planning, U.S.-British; Service attachés.

Liaison, U.S.-Canadian, 32, 51, 58n, 71-73, 75-76, 110, 121, 122, 136, 244, 280. See also Permanent Joint Board on Defense.

Liaison officers, Canadian, at U.S. air bases, 315, 316n

Liard River, 206, 207

Liberia, 293

Lincoln and Welland Regiment, 99

Liverpool, 243

Llewellin, Col., J. J., 288

Load-line regulations. See Transportation facilities, Great Lakes, load-line regulations.

Locomotives, 178

Logistical and administrative command, U.S.Canadian, feasibility of, 140

Logistical headquarters, U.S. communications zone type, feasibility of, 141

theater-type, feasibility of, 344

Logistical headquarters, U.S.-Canadian, theater-type, feasibility of, 344

Logistics. See also Construction of facilities; North West Purchasing, Limited; Western Labor Board, Canadian.

Canol Project, 231
facilities in Canada, 107, 109, 318
North America as logistical base, 317
organization for, 126-41

London, 55n, 77

leased bases technical discussions, 166
prewar military staff meetings, 58

London Food Committee, 83, 84

Londonderry, Ireland, 246

Loran (long range radio navigation), 337

Lothian, Lord, 10, 13, 14, 19, 55

Lovett, Robert A., 283

Low Countries, 6-7, 11

Lower, R. M., 18n

Low-level Route, Canada, proposed, 215. See Air Ferry routes.

Luftwaffe, 8

Lynn Canal, 226

 

MacArthur, General of the Army Douglas, 269

McCrae, John, 241n

Macdonnell, R. M., 37

Machine tools, 290-91, 345

Mackay, R. A., 18

Mackenzie, Alexander, 228

Mackenzie, C. J., 285, 288

Mackenzie, Ian A., 7

Mackenzie District, 232

Mackenzie King, W. L.See King, W. L. Mackenzie.

Mackenzie Range, 232

Mackenzie River, 218, 227, 231, 233, 237

Mackenzie River air route, 314, 316. See also Air ferry routes.

Mackenzie River valley, 228, 331

Mackintosh. W. A., 78

MacMillan. H. R., 80

McLean. A. D., 201

McNamara Construction Company, Ltd., 188

McNarney, Lt. Gen. Joseph T., 32, 36, 107, 260

McNaughton, Gen. A. G. L., 37, 41 n, 156 n, 269 n, 335, 336

Magee, John Gillespie, 241 n

Mahoney, Merchant, 10

Mail

for American troops in Canada, 312
to Canadian forces, 277
diplomatic only, carried in Canada, 311

Maine, 307

Maintenance and control of bases. See Airways.

Maintenance of facilities. See Airways.

Malta-Yalta conference, 67 n

Manila, 55 n

Mapping, aerial, northern Canada, 284

Marine Companies, U.S., 3d Provisional, 96

Marine Operators, 231

Marines, U.S.

Iceland, 156-57
Marine brigades, 157
withdrawn from Iceland, 157

Maritime Provinces, 2, 14, 15, 17, 30 n, 49 50, 53, 86, 89, 92, 99-100, 101, 110-11, 112, 166, 176, 307 defense of 173-74, 348-49

Marshall, General of the Army George C., 10, 11, 11 n, 14, 15-16, 56, 59, 59 n, 92, 93, 94, 156, 163, 218, 243 n, 259, 260 61, 268, 268 n. See also Chief of Staff, U.S. Martinique, 158

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 285

Material Coordinating Committee, U.S. and Canada, 79, 83, 84 n

Materials, allotment of, 349

Matériel, allocations of, by PJBD, 86

Matériel, Canadian

to British Commonwealth nations, 294
dollar receipts under Hyde Park program, 292
purchases for lend-lease and for U.S., 292 to U.K. after Dunkerque, 8 to USSR, 294

Matériel, U.S. See also British Purchasing Commission; Combined Production and Resources Board, U.S.-British; Combined Raw Materials Board, U.S.-British; Combined Shipping Adjustment Board, U.S.-British; Munitions Assignments Board, U.S.-British.

Canadian needs, supply of, 60-61
Canadian request for, 13, 49
direct purchases by Canada, 60, 61
U.K. study of U.S. production, 285

Mayors, U.S. Conference of, 34

Medical service free for U.S. and Canadian troops, 277

Mediterranean Theater of Operations, 317

Metals Reserve Corporation, U.S., 292

Mexico City, 148

Mid-ocean Escort Force, 247

Mid-Pacific islands, 109

Mignano, 266

Military Area, Sault Sainte Marie, 197

Military Cooperation Committee, U.S.-Canadian, 336, 338

Military District, Sault Sainte Marie, 195

Military enlistment centers, Canadian, in U.S., for enlistment of nondeclarant male Canadians, 276

Military hospital, Edmonton, 327

Military planning, Canadian

base for British Fleet, July 1940, 13
defense of Newfoundland and British and French territories, May 1940, 9, 9n
disposal of British fleet, discussion of, with Washington, June 1940, 12
Joint Basic Defense Plan--1940, 110
studies on impending fall of France, June 1940, 9
troops to Greenland if necessary, April 1940, 150

Military planning, United Kingdom

British fleet to U.S. or Canada, June 1940, 9
Canadian Army Corps in England, July 1940, 156

Military planning, U.S. See also Plans, defense and war.

ABC-1 as basis, March 1941, 58
Alaskan defense, January 1942, 218
arms and liaison officers to Latin America, May 1940, 11
bases in Canada, need for, June 1940, 10, 11

Military planning, U.S.--Continued

Canadian air trainees, none in U.S. schools, May 1940, 10
change from defense to support of Britain, October 1940, 55-56
for defeat of Japan, February 1943, 208
defense of the hemisphere, April 1940, 7
estimate of U.S.-Canadian situation, July 1940, 16
estimate of world situation, June 1940, 11, 163
for Europe, North Africa, Alaska, Pacific, December 1941, 109
Greenland not strategically important, May 1939, 149
increased planning with Britain, 1941, 58 59
invasion of Japan, 1945, 269
lack of urgency, September 1939, 6
occupation of European colonies in South America, proposal of, May 1940, 10
orientation toward Caribbean, June 1940, 7, 162, 163, 341
1,200 Canadian trainees in U.S., July 1940, 16

Military planning, U.S.-British. See also Combined Chiefs of Staff; Plans, defense and war. ABC-1 and ABC-2.

and CRIMSON Project, June 1942, 186, 187
informal talks in London, August 1940, 20, 55, 77, 242
invasion build-up, 1942-44, 186, 191-92, 251, 259
Japanese threat, British proposal of talks on, October 1940, 55
military missions, first meeting of, June 1941, 58
staff talks, British request for, June 1940, 14
staff talks, Washington, January-March 1941, 55-57, 102, 112, 123, 153 n, 155 56, 242-43
U.S. troops for Iceland, June 1941, 156-57

Military planning, U.S.-Canadian. See also Plans, defense and war; Permanent Joint Board on Defense.

Aleutian campaign, May 1943, 256-57
Alaska, defense of, April 1942, 252
Alaska, and west coast defense, December 1941, 199
defense, Newfoundland and north Atlantic coast, 1941, 162
estimate of world situation, 1946, 336
estimate of world situation, 1947, 338
Greenland, July 1940, 142
Iceland, July 1940, 142
Montreal Revise, April 1941, 113-14
postwar collaboration, 1946, 337-38
Prince Rupert port, March 1941, 238
Security plan, 1947, 336, 338
staff talks, defense of North America, July 1940, 13-18
state of readiness at time of Pearl Harbor, December 1941, 53
and U.S.-British talks, January-March 1941, 57
U.S. troops allotment to Canada, April 1942, 173-74
West Indies, July 1940, 142

Military planning, U.S.-Dutch-British, 103

Military Police Battalions, U.S. 702d, 195

Military Railway Service, U.S. Army, 225-26

Military Representatives of the Associated Pacific Powers, 68

Millinocket, 283

Mingan, 188, 189, 190, 324, 325 n

Minister of Mines and Resources, Canadian, 235

Minister of National Defense, Canadian, 108, 258, 267

Minister of Transport, Canadian, 239

Ministry of Aircraft Production, British, 181

Miquelon (off Newfoundland), 14, 50

Miyako Island, 272

Moffat, Jay Pierrepont, 13-16, 18, 22-23, 24, 24n, 28, 60, 73-74, 135, 142-43, 158, 219

Momp (mid-ocean meeting place), 244, 245, 246

Monroe, James, 48

Monroe Doctrine, 2-3, 4n, 26n, 48, 153n

applicable to 20° west longitude, 155
and Iceland, 155-56, 155n
in relation to Greenland, 152

Monte la Difensa, 266

Monte la Remetanea, 266

Montebello Conference, 337

Montreal, 39, 41, 181, 287, 288

Montreal Revise, 113-14

Montreal Subport of Embarkation, 133

Moose Factory, 186

Morgenthau, Henry, Jr., 15, 16, 60, 164, 322

Morgenthau-Ilsley agreement, 306, 322, 322n, 323

Mountbatten, Vice Admiral Lord Louis, 259, 260

Munitions, Canadian, 342

Canada third largest producer, 82, 341
expansion of industry, 6, 6n
to Newfoundland, 20, 162
shipments to U.S., World War I, 2

Munitions, U.S.

to Canada, 91-92, 94
Canadian requests for, 15, 16, 31, 90-91, 92-94
heavy weapons for Canadian 13th Infantry Brigade, 257
loans to Canada, 93-94
purchase of, by Canada, 7
shipments to Canada, World War I, 1-2
to United Kingdom, 8, 90, 94

Munitions, U.S.-Canadian

complementary production programs, proposal of, 341-42
production, 289-90, 291-92

Munitions Assignments Board, U.S.-British, 63, 64, 82

Munitions Assignments Committees, 82. See also Munitions Assignments Board, U.S.British.

Murray, Rear Adm. L. W., 17, 32, 37, 124, 243, 249

MUSKOX, 336-37

Mussolini Canal, 266

Mutual Aid program, Canadian, 295

 

Nagasaki, 284

Nagoya, 272

Namao, 208, 211, 316, 323, 324

Naples, 266

Narsarrssuak 154, 182

Nascopie, 151, 284

Nascopie expedition, 151 n

National Defense Headquarters, Ottawa, 253

National Research Council, Canadian, 260, 285, 287

Naval Air Transport Service, USN, 133, 216 17

Naval Air Transport Squadrons, West Coast, 303

Naval Coastal Frontier, North Atlantic, 111, 112, 127, 132

Naval Coastal Frontier, Pacific Northern, 107, 111, 112

Naval support groups, Canadian, 251

Naval support groups, U.K., 251

Navy, British. See Royal Navy.

Navy, Canadian. See Royal Canadian Navy.

Navy, U.S., 3, 48, 49, 96, 98, 123, 124-26, 173, 218, 244, 247, 248, 249, 250, 302-03

British convoy training, 242-43
build-up in Alaskan waters, 255-56
convoys. See Convoys.
Eastern Sea Frontier, command of antisubmarine air operations in, 247
escort forces. See Convoys; Task Force 4; Task Group 4.19.
liaison officers to South America, 11
neutrality patrol, 243, 244
patrol duties, 163
patrol of Hudson Bay, proposal of, 196
ships withdrawn from North Atlantic escort, 125, 245
training vessels on Great Lakes, 279
troop escorts, 246, 248-49

Navy Department, U.S., 7, 10-11, 17, 29, 31, 34, 35, 38, 42, 46, 50, 56, 72, 73 74, 76, 90, 96, 105, 122, 127, 132, 135, 148, 163, 168, 244, 245, 292, 311, 328n, 343

Netherlands, 58-59, 67, 68, 70, 142, 143n, 293

Neutrality, U.S., 2, 9, 68-69, 161

Neutrality patrol, 243, 244

New England, 247

air units in, 126
defense of, 174

New York, 39, 41

New York City, 151, 313

New Zealand, 67, 68, 72, 84, 281, 295

Newfoundland, 11, 50, 52, 53, 126-27, 133, 162-81, 243, 250, 258n, 304, 313, 317, 341, 344. See also Communication facilities; Pay; Plans, defense and war; Radar, stations; Railways; Roads; Troops, Canadian; U.S. Army Air Forces in Newfoundland; and underBases.

airway traffic control, 301-02, 305, 306
aviation, postwar, 303
Canadian defense mission, 29-30, 170, 188 89
command problem, 30n, 74, 89, 97, 98, 101, 104, 111, 113, 116, 117, 118-19, 120, 133, 141
defense, 86, 87-88, 92-94, 95-96, 98n, 99, 105, 110, 111, 112, 114, 122, 125, 162, 164, 175-76, 180, 347-48, 350
economic rehabilitation of, 345
fuel storage, 352-53
German prisoners of war to, plan, 351
Protocol, Canadian, 98

Newfoundland a part of Canada for defense purposes, 62, 97
strategic importance to Canada, 19-20, 99. 180
union with Canada, 170n, 180-81, 345
union with U.S., discussion of, 180-81, 345
U.S. air forces to, 98, 172, 352

Newfoundland, Governor of, 166

Newfoundland Base Command, 98-99, 112, 116, 117-18, 119, 126-27, 132, 133, 159, 176-77, 180, 248, 301-02, 314

Newfoundland Base Contractors, 167

Newfoundland Escort Force, 122, 124, 125, 243, 244-46

Newfoundland Government, 21, 41n, 95, 118n, 119, 311

Air Bases Agreement with Canada, 170 n
Bay Bulls, 99-year lease to Canada, 170 n
Goose Bay, 99-year lease to Canada, 170, 189
and large American population, 169
and leased bases, 165, 167
and maintenance of roads, 178-79
and Newfoundland Railway, 177-78
Railway Loan Act, 178
request that Canada occupy St. Pierre, 158
Royal Commission, 19, 110

Newfoundland Railway, 53, 175, 177-80, 353

Niagara, 165

Niagara River, 273

Nisutlin River bridge, 222

Noble Drilling Corporation, 233

Nome, 100, 202, 216, 253

Norman Wells, 214, 215, 228, 229, 231-33, 284, 331, 332, 333

Normandy, 241

North Africa, 109, 249, 266

North Atlantic Ferry Route Project Committee, 187

North Atlantic Naval Coastal Frontier, 111, 112, 127, 132

North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 148

North Atlantic triangle, 59-68, 84, 85

North Pacific Force, USN, 255, 259

North West Purchasing, Limited, 136-37, 199

North West River, Labrador, 183. See also Bases, air, U.S., Goose Bay and North West River.

Northeast Airlines, 307, 310

Northeast Defense Command, 101, 111-12

Northern Indian Lake, 191

Northland, 152

Northwest Air Command, 305

Northwest Airlines, 237, 307, 308

ATC insignia and Army uniform, 309, 310

and friction with Canada, 307-11

militarization, 310

Northwest Highway System, 330. See also Alaska Highway.

Northwest Service Command, 132

Northwest Staging Route. See Air ferry routes; CRIMSON Project; Flight strips; Canadian; Flight strips, U.S.

Northwest Territories, 128, 137

Northwest Territories Council, Canadian, 136

Norway, 259-60, 262, 293

Nova Scotia, 174, 250

Nuclear research, 286-87

Nueltin Post, 191

Nuwata, 191

 

O'Connor, Col. James A., 128

OCTAGON Conference, 66, 268, 272

Office, Chief of Engineers, 45 n

Office of Scientific Research and Development, U.S., 260

Ogdensburg, 21n, 22, 24, 25, 26n, 27-28, 29, 31, 48, 69, 69n, 91

Ogdensburg Agreement, 27-29. See also Ogdensburg Declaration.

Ogdensburg Declaration, 22-26, 27-29, 30, 32, 47, 72, 88, 142, 160, 241, 306, 335, 343

Oil, royalties on Canol production, waiving of, 278. See also Aruba; Canol Project.

Oil fields

Canadian reserves, 233
Dutch East Indies, 228
Mackenzie River, 228

Oil industry, Canadian, partial government ownership, 235

Oil pipelines, 224, 229, 230-31, 232, 233, 234n, 235, 331, 332, 333

Oil refineries, 228

Rumanian, 259
Whitehorse, 228-29, 232, 233, 234, 235, 331, 332, 333

Oil well drilling, 232-33

Okinawa, assault on, 272

Old Crow, 215

Olds, Brig. Gen. Robert, 203, 308, 309

Ontario, 299, 307

Ontario, 272

Orders-in-council. See Legislation, Canadian.

Ordnance, testing center, 133

Ordnance Department, U.S. Army, 133

Oregon, 220 n

Ores. See Cryolite; Iron ore; Radium ore; Uranium.

Organizations, U.S., multitude of in Canada, 131-34, 343, 344

Ottawa, 39

Air Training Conference, 283
Churchill speech on Free French, 160
leased lands, transfer of, discussion on, 211
maintenance and control of facilities, talks on, 304
Munitions Assignments Committee, meetings of, 82
North Atlantic route, fields needed, talks on, 183
Northwest and Low-level routes, PJBD talks on, 215

Ottawa--Continued

Northwest Staging Route, AAF-RCAF talks on, 203-0 4, 309
Northwest Staging Route, construction, talks on, 207-0 8
PJBD meetings, 33, 40
U.S. organizations in Canada, delineation of, 136, 139

Oumansky, Constantine, 216

 

Pacific, air defense, 252

Pacific Fleet, USN, 112, 125, 255

Pacific Northern Naval Coastal Frontier, 107, 111, 112

Pacific Theater of Operations, 318

Pacific War Council, in London, 66-67

Pacific War Council, in Washington, 67

Padloping Island (CRYSTAL III), 130, 131, 184, 187, 191

Page, Maj. Gen. L. F., 117-18, 119, 120

Pan American Airlines, 133

Pan American defense. See American Republics, defense.

Pan American Union, 153

Canadian interest, basis for, 143, 144n, 148, 149
and Canadian membership, 26n, 143-49
U.S. opposition to Canadian membership, 143-48

Panama, 144

Panama Canal, 7, 87, 94, 193

Parachute Battalions, Canadian 1st, 265, 267, 281

Parachutists, Canadian, 267. See also First Special Service Force, Canadian replacements, problem of; Parachute Battalions, Canadian 1st.

Parliament, British, 164, 298

Parliament, Canadian, 5, 23, 24, 28n, 44, 220-21, 274, 299-300, 303-04

Parliament, Icelandic, 157

Passengers, fare-paying. See also Air Transport Command, U.S.; Northwest Airlines.

agreement on, 312-13

Canadian opposition to, 309, 311, 312, 313

Patricia Bay, 253

Patrols. See Air patrol; Submarines, antisubmarine air operations.

Patterson, R. P., 80

Pay

overseas increment, U.S., 263
Pacific campaign bonus, Canadian, 270
U.S. and Canadian, First Special Service Force, 263
for U.S. and Canadian laborers, 207
U.S. dollars for Canadian troops in Alaska, 277

Peace River, 231

Peace River bridge, 222

Pearkes, Maj. Gen. G. R., 256

Pearl Harbor, 58, 71n, 75, 107, 109, 120, 126, 241, 242, 245, 259

state of U.S.-Canadian readiness, 52-53

Pearson, Lester B., 63

Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Company, 151

Perkins, Milo, 80

Permanent Joint Board on Defense, 21n, 22n, 25-27, 28, 29-30, 31-54, 55, 58, 61, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76-78, 86-90, 91, 96, 98, 101-0 2, 103, 104, 106-07, 112, 113 14, 115-16, 118, 119-20, 120-21, 125, 135, 136, 137, 140, 148, 172, 175, 207, 215, 218, 219, 224, 226-27, 228, 230, 239, 241, 252, 256-57, 274-75, 280, 297, 302, 307, 311, 319, 325, 331, 334 36, 337. See also Military Co-operation Committee: Military planning, U.S.Canadian.

areas not discussed, 50, 142, 154n, 155
bases, construction and operation, 49-50, 52, 139
British as members, 146
civilian chairmen, 38, 342
command problem, 110-11
co-ordination between U.S. and Canadian organizations, 343
and CRIMSON Project, 185-86
defense projects, not offense, 50-51
as executive agency, 34, 45, 45n, 343
geographical limits, 23, 24, 26, 46, 48-49, 50, 87, 105, 111, 142
interior air defense, 193-98
meetings of, 39
membership of, 36-37
Newfoundland air bases, construction by Canada, 171-72
no solution to command problem, 114
offices of, 38
as operating agency, 45, 51
operational planning, 52, 103-0 4
procedures of, 41, 90
radar facilities, Newfoundland, 176
recommendations, 33, 34, 42-44, 42n, 43n, 45, 46, 49, 51, 52-53, 54, 86, 90, 95, 99, 100, 109, 117, 125n, 128, 130, 138, 171, 174, 178-79, 183, 186, 187, 188, 190, 193-94, 195, 196n, 201-0 2, 208-0 9, 217 18, 219, 220-21, 240, 282, 304, 306, 310, 313-16, 320, 325-26, 327, 329, 330, 332, 333, 337-38, 347-75
Report, First, 43, 43n, 44, 48, 48n, 49, 50, 52, 88n, 90, 97, 100-101, 106, 171, 172 73, 174, 201, 366-69

Permanent Joint Board on Defense--Con.

Report, Second, 43n, 113, 115
reports unpublished, 44
responsibilities of, 46-48, 50-51
St. Pierre and Miquelon, discussion of, 158-59
standardization of U.S., British Commonwealth forces, 335
standardization of U.S., Canadian forces, proposal, 334-35
transfer of bases to Canada, 189
war industry members, proposal, 352

Petroleum Administrator for War, U.S., 234

Petroleum Coordinator for War, U.S., 230

Philippine Commonwealth, 67, 272

Pilots

transfer of, from RCAF to AAF, 276
world-wide training requirements, 51

Pine Camp, New York, 22

Pine Lake, 206, 207

Placentia Bay, 166, 174

Plans, defense and war

ABC-1 (Joint Basic War Plan, U.S.-British), 46, 49, 57, 58, 58n, 65, 72-73, 101-0 4, 104n, 105, 106, 112, 114, 122, 149n

British responsibility for east Greenland defense, 153n
British responsibility for Iceland defense, 155-56
U.S. protection of shipping, western Atlantic, 243
ABC-2 (Joint Basic War Plan, U.S.-British), 104n
ABC-22 (Joint Canadian-U.S. Basic Defense Plan 2), 46, 48, 52, 57n, 65, 72n, 73, 74, 89, 101-0 2, 103-0 8, 114, 115, 116, 117, 120, 122, 126, 178, 198, 280, 335, 336
ABC (Pacific)-22, 107
ADB (U.S.-Dutch-British plan for Far East operations), 103
International Joint Defense Plan for Juan de Fuca Strait and Puget Sound, 106-0 7
Joint Basic Defense Plan--1940, U.S.Canadian, 48, 86-90, 100, 101, 105, 111, 115, 116, 201, 280, 350
Joint Basic Defense Plans 1 and 2, 1941, U.S.-Canadian, 89, 101-02, 103-04, 105, 112-15
Joint Defense Plan, Newfoundland, 117, 119
RAINBOW 1, 11-12
RAINBOW 4, 10, 13
RAINBOW 5, 106, 108
security plan, 338
WPL-50 (Navy Hemisphere Defense Plan 3), 122
WPL-51 (Navy Hemisphere Defense Plan 4), 122-24
WPL-52 (Navy Hemisphere Defense Plan 5), 123, 124

PLOUGH, 259-60. See also First Special Service Force.

Poland, 5, 68, 293

POLAR BEAR, 281

Pon Lake, 206, 207

Pope, Maj. Gen. Maurice, 36, 74n, 75, 108, 256

Port Edward staging area, 240, 327, 332

Ports. See individual ports by name.

Ports of Embarkation. See Boston Port of Embarkation; Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation; Prince Rupert Subport of Embarkation; Quebec Subport of Embarkation; San Francisco Port of Embarkation; Seattle Port of Embarkation.

Portugal, 251

Potsdam conference, 66n

Power, C. G., 14, 24n, 30

President, U.S., 336. See also Roosevelt, Franklin D.; Roosevelt and Churchill; Roosevelt and King.

President's emergency fund, 154, 178, 219

Presque Isle, 131, 188, 191-92, 247

Prestwick, 181

Prime Minister, Canadian, 120, 336. See also King, W. L. Mackenzie; Roosevelt and King.

Prince Baudouin, 267n

Prince David, 256

Prince Edward Island Highlanders, 99

Prince George, British Columbia, 202, 213, 227, 305, 323, 324

Prince George, 222n

Prince Henry, 256 267n

Prince Robert, 256, 272

Prince Rupert, 133, 202, 222n, 252-53, 328, 331-32. See also Harbor defenses; Prince Rupert Subport of Embarkation.

Prince Rupert, 222n

Prince Rupert defenses, Canadian, 252

Prince Rupert Subport of Embarkation, 222n, 230, 234n, 238-40, 318-19, 327, 332

Prince of Wales, 123

Princess Charlotte, 222n

Princess Louise, 277

Princess Norah, 222n

Prisoners of war, Germans, 351

Privy Council, Canadian, 28, 37-38, 135-36, 137, 137n

Prizes of war, disposal of, 278

Proclamations, presidential

jurisdictional law, application to Canada and U.K., 301
limited national emergency, 6

Procurement regulations, U.S., 137

Production. See Industry; Munitions; War Production.

Program of Immediate Canadian Action, 18, 18n

Prohibited areas. See Prohibited flying zones.

Prohibited flying zones, 195, 307

Northwest Staging Route, 305n
within 100 miles of Sault Sainte Marie locks, 197

Prophet River, 206, 207

"Protected places," U.S. premises in Canada, 284

Protocol, Canadian, 98

Proximity fuze, 286

Public Health Service, U.S., 169

Public opinion, Canadian, 296, 298, 299, 301, 334-35. See also U.S.-Canadian relations, areas of co-operation.

little co-operation with U.S., no antagonism toward USSR, 337
and Pan American Union, 147

Public opinion, U.S. See also U.S.-Canadian relations, areas of co-operation.

on defense of Canada, 25
on involvement in war, 25, 26, 55
on Permanent Joint Board on Defense, 25

Public Roads Administration, U.S., 127-28, 132, 206, 227

Puget Sound, 93, 106-0 7, 281.

Pursuit Squadrons, U.S. llth, 202-03

Purvis, Arthur B., 60

 

QUADRANT Conference, 66, 82, 288

Quartermaster Market Center, 133

Quebec (City), 39, 305

Quebec (Province), 30n, 130, 299

Quebec conferences. See Conferences.

Quebec Subport of Embarkation, 133

Quidi Vidi. See Fort Pepperrell.

 

Radar

airborne, 286
ASVG (air-to-surface-vessel, Canadian), 286
British advanced developments to U.S., 285
equipment, Canadian, 94, 177
equipment, U.S., 71, 286
microwave, 285, 286
stations, 52, 71, 94, 175-77, 179, 180, 188n, 196, 197-98

Radio

proximity fuze, 286
stations, St. Pierre, 158, 159
U.S. military broadcasting stations in Canada, 277

Radium ore, 287

Railway guns, 91, 93, 94

Railways. See also Canadian National Railways; Canadian Pacific Railway Company; Newfoundland Railway; White Pass and Yukon Route Railway.

northern Canada, 187, 222, 225, 231, 232, 284
sale of railheads and depots to Canada, 327, 328
U.S. to Alaska, proposed, 228

RAINBOW 1, 11-12

RAINBOW 4, 10, 13

RAINBOW 5, 106, 108

Ralston, J. L., 14, 94

Rand, I. C., 299

Rat River, 191

Raw materials, equal U.S.-Canadian allocations, 291

RDX, research on, 286

RDX Committee, 286

Real estate, 126, 134

Canada to acquire land needed by U.S., 211, 304n
Canada to take over titles and leases, 210 11, 304n

Reconnaissance Squadrons, Canadian No. 8, 253

Reconnaissance Squadrons, U.S.

21st, 98, 183
41st, 98

Reconstruction Finance Corporation, 43n, 178

Regina, 186, 324

Reid, Capt. H. E., 37

Replacements, 267

Canadian policy of nonreinforcement in the theater, 265
U.S., 265, 267

Repulse Bay, 191

Research and development, U.S. See Atomic energy research, U.S.-Canadian; Radar; Radio, proximity fuze; RDX, research on.

Research and development, U.S.-British, 285 89

Restigouche, 123n

Restricted zones. See Central Air Defense Zone, U.S.; Controlled areas, railroad, The Pas to Churchill; Prohibited flying zones; "Protected places."

Reykjavik, 157, 182

Rhine River, 241

Richard Peck, 168

Richardson Highway, 222, 225

Richmond Gulf, 186

Rio de Janeiro, 144-46, 160

Riviera, 267

Roads. See also Alaska Highway; Alcan Highway; Glenn Highway; Richardson Highway; Winter roads.

Canadian, south of Alaska Highway, poor quality, 222
Canol Project, 227
Newfoundland, 53, 175, 177, 178, 179, 355

Robins, Maj. Gen. Thomas M., 139, 209

Rocky Mountain Range, 217

Rocky Mountain Rangers, 257

Rome, 266

Roosevelt, Capt. Elliott, 183, 184

Roosevelt, Franklin D., 7, 8, 10-13, 14, 15, 16, 21, 22, 23, 26, 29, 31n, 32-33, 34, 38, 41-42, 43n, 46-47, 50, 56, 59, 59n, 63, 64, 65, 65n, 66-67, 68, 69, 70, 71n, 82, 90, 96, 105, 108, 114, 120, 144, 150, 152, 156-57, 163, 166, 171, 178, 182, 185n, 194, 209, 216, 218, 219, 221, 222, 228, 268, 275, 283, 288n, 289, 301, 312, 336. See also Roosevelt and Churchill; Roosevelt and King.

Americans in Canadian forces, no loss of citizenship, 274
arms supply policy for American Republics, 12
Chautauqua pledge of defense assistance, 3
destroyers-for-bases plan, 19, 164-65
and Free French on St. Pierre, 159, 160
Hyde Park Declaration, 79-80, 291, 292, 341, 342, 345, 373
Iceland not in Western Hemisphere, 157n
Kingston pledge of defense solidarity, 3-4, 24, 26n, 28
"shoot on sight" warning to Germany and Italy, 244
no troops to Iceland without invitation, 157
unlimited national emergency, declaration of, 58, 243
at Victoria, British Columbia, 3

Roosevelt and Churchill, 55, 63, 75, 83, 84, 98, 123, 126, 242, 244 248, 288

ARCADIA Conference 59
Atlantic Conference, 62
OCTAGON Conference, 66
QUADRANT Conference, 66
TRIDENT Conference. 66

Roosevelt and King, 22, 22n, 24, 25-28, 30, 31, 35, 44, 46, 48, 49, 62, 78, 79, 82, 145, 158, 160, 282, 291, 343

Atlantic coastal defense talks, 4
Ogdensburg Declaration, 22-24
Ogdensburg meeting, 91
Pacific staff discussions, 3
staff talks, request for, 21-22, 21n
at Warm Springs, 4, 7
Washington talks, 4

Royal Air Force, 241, 248, 249, 301, 302

Ferry Command, 181
VLR aircraft for RCAF, 249n

Royal Canadian Air Force, 5, 6, 17, 32, 34, 35, 51, 91, 98, 105, 110, 117, 118, 166, 171-73, 176, 177, 183, 188-89, 195, 198, 201, 207, 217, 241-42, 241n, 247, 255, 275, 276, 281, 283, 284, 309. See also Air forces, Canadian.

antisubmarine squadrons, 251
casualties, Aleutians, 259
Eastern Air Command, 99, 112, 125, 249
ground support, AAF, 254
inability to purchase aircraft, 271
Newfoundland air traffic, RCAF desire to control, 301-02
Northwest Air Command, 305
NO. 1 Group, Newfoundland, 98n, 116, 125
offer to operate with AAF in Pacific, 270-71
operation with RAF in Pacific, 271, 271n
Ottawa meetings, 203
personnel in Alaska, distinguished foreign visitors, 254
planes and pilots to England, 10
Regulations for Control of Aircraft Movement, 305
request for Flying Fortresses for Bismarck attack, 243n
Special Reserve for Americans and others, 274n
squadrons, withdrawal from Alaska, 255
squadrons in Alaska, 252-55
squadrons in Burma and Ceylon, V-J Day, 271
Tiger Force, proposed, 271
U.S. construction of facilities for, 306
VLR aircraft, 249, 250
Western Air Command, 107, 112, 252, 302n, 303, 307
"X" Wing Headquarters, Fort Richardson, Alaska, 254

Royal Canadian Artillery, 24 th Field Regiment, 257

Royal Canadian Corps of Signals, 238

Royal Canadian Mounted Police, 158, 198

Royal Canadian Naval Air Service, 2

Royal Canadian Navy, 5, 32, 34, 35, 110, 123, 124, 126, 165, 170n, 184n, 242, 243, 245-46, 248, 250, 272, 283. See also Newfoundland Escort Force; Western Local Escort Force.

Atlantic Coast Command, 99, 111-12, 245
Atlantic Command, 20 convoy escort, 244 engagements in Japanese war, 271-72 growth of, 251
Naval Staff Headquarters, 245
Newfoundland Command, 123-24, 244, 245
Newfoundland Force, 111, 116
Northwest Atlantic Command, 249
Pacific Coast Command, 107, 112
Pacific coast facilities at disposal of U.S. Navy, 255
proposals for Pacific force, 272
vessels in alaskan build-up, 255-56

Royal Flying Corps, 1

Royal Navy, 122, 150-51, 165, 242, 245, 248

Royal Navy escort group, 244

Royal Regiment of Canada, 156

Ruble, Capt. R. W., 36

Rush-Bagot Agreement, 1, 278-80

Russia. See Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

 

Sabotage raids, 259, 262

St. Clair, 165

St. Croix, 165

St. Francis, 105

St. Georges Bay, 174

St. John's, 30, 39, 41, 119, 124, 127, 174 75, 179, 243, 247, 305. See also Bases, Army, U.S.; Bases, naval, Canadian; Bases, naval, U.S.; Harbor defenses.

Local Joint Defense Committee, 117-18
U.S. Army Supply Dock, 167

St. Lawrence River, 23, 174n, 273

St. Lawrence Valley, 2

Saint Marys River, 193, 194

St. Pierre, 14, 50

Hull, on Free French seizure, 159
plebiscite for Free French, 159

St. Pierre an Miquelon, 146, 158-60, 161

San Francisco, 39, 41

San Francisco Port of Embarkation, 238, 258, 266

Sandy Lake, 191

Santa Barbara, California, 121

Saskatchewan, 281

Saudi Arabia, 293

Sault Sainte Marie, 352 defense of, 193-98, 357

Scientists, British. See British Scientific Mission.

Sea Frontier, Northwest, 302n, 303

Sea Island, British Columbia, 253

Seattle Port of Embarkation. 222 n. 238-39. 240

Second Quebec Conference, 66, 268, 272

Secretary of the Interior, 218

Secretary of the Navy, U.S., 46, 58, 74, 105, 106, 114, 156, 218, 228. See also Knox, Frank.

Secretary of State, 271. See also Hull, Cordell.

Secretary of War, U.S., 46, 58, 74, 92, 105, 106, 114, 154, 156, 171, 218, 228, 271. See also Stimson, Henry L.

Security of Communications Committee, U.S.-Canadian, 139

Security measures, U.S.-Canadian

evacuation of Japanese from Canadian Railway line, 284
evacuation of Japanese from west coast, 284
restricted zone, railroad, The Pas to Churchill, 284

Senate, Special Committee of, to Investigate the National Defense Program, 52, 233 34, 235, 322 n

Senate, U.S., 29, 274

purchase of Greenland, consideration of, 149

Service attachés, 51, 71-73, 76, 135, 271, 336

Service Commands

Northwest, 128, 136, 212, 224, 236, 237, 240, 318

Sixth, 130, 132

Services of Supply, U.S., 127, 128, 228

Seven Islands (Sept Isles), 188

Seward, 225

SEXTANT-EUREKA Conference, 66 n

Sheils, G. K., 80

Shelburne, 49, 92, 123

Sherman, Commander Forrest P., 32, 36

Sherridon, 191

Shipbuilding

on Great Lakes, 279
Canadian, 249, 295
U.S.-Canadian, 290

Shipping. See also Transportation facilities. civilian and defense, requirements for, 79 equal U.S.-Canadian allocations, 291

Shipyards, Atlantic, Canadian, 279

Shoal Harbor, 180

Siberia, 48, 204, 216

Sicily, 241, 257 n

Signal Aircraft Warning Reporting Companies, U.S. 671st, 196 n

Signal equipment, shortage of, 306

Signal Service Battalions, U.S. 843d, 236

Sikanni Chief River, 206, 207

Singapore, 55, 103 n

Sitka, 100

Skagway, 128, 222n, 225, 226, 230, 232, 234n, 235, 237, 331, 332, 333

Skelton, Alexander, 18 n

Skelton, D. A., 78

Ski troops. See First Special Service Force.

Sloops, British, 243

Smith, Maj. Gen. J.P., 36

Smith River, 208, 210, 324

Smithers, 202, 252

Somerset Island, 284

Somervell, Lt. Gen. Brehon B., 228

Søndre Strømfjord, 154n, 182

South America, 26, 48, 142

South Greenland Survey Expedition, 154

Southampton Island. See Bases, air, U.S.,

Southampton Island.

Southwest Pacific, 63

Sovereignty, Canadian, 140-41

and U.S. forces in Canada, 296
and U.S. planes on Canadian airways, 301

Special Commissioner for Defense Projects, 137-41, 224, 344

Squanga Lake, 206, 207

Staff organization

differences in U.S. and Canadian units, 258
U.S. Army type for Canadian Army Pacific Force, 269, 270
U.S. Army type for Canadian brigade, 257

Staging area, Port Edward, 240, 327, 332

Staging fields, 185. See also Air ferry routes, North Atlantic; Air ferry routes, Northwest Staging Route; CRIMSON Project; Fort Nelson; Fort St. John; Prestwick; and under Bases.

Staging routes. See Air ferry routes; CRIMSON Project; Northwest Staging Route.

Stalin, Joseph V., 216

Standard Oil Company, Whitehorse, 327

Standard Oil Company of California, 229

Stanley, 191

Stark, Admiral Harold R., 10, 11, 14, 15-16, 56, 59, 59n, 156

Stedman, Air Commodore E. W., 285

Stefansson, Vilhjalmur, 218

Stephenville, 180. See also Bases, air, U.S., Harmon Field.

Stettinius, Edward R., Jr., 80

Stevenson, Air Vice Marshal L. F., 270-71

Stewart, J. S., 135

Stimson, Henry L., 23, 24, 32, 94, 164, 216, 243, 288. See also Secretary of War, U.S.

Stinebower, L. D., 78

Strong, Brig. Gen. George V., 17

Stuart, Lt. Gen. Kenneth, 17, 30n, 32, 37, 106-7, 253, 260, 265, 285

Submarine warfare, 341

Submarines. See also Joint Task One.

antisubmarine air operations, 247-48, 249 51, 361. See also Aircraft carriers.

Canadian command of, 251
co-ordinated plan, 247
and USN command problem, 118

antisubmarine equipment, 250
antisubmarine operations, 2, 98, 126, 173, 174, 242-47, 248-49 in 1940 plan, 87
antisubmarine trawlers, Canadian loan to U.S., 246
French, Surcouf, to St. Pierre, 159
German

Hudson Bay, threat of entry, 194, 196
losses to, in Atlantic, 158, 174, 175, 197, 242, 243, 246, 247, 248, 280
losses to, Conception Bay, 175
losses to, in St. Lawrence River, 174 n
reconnaissance of Newfoundland bays, 174
St. John's harbor, mining of approaches, 175
shelling of Caribbean oil facilities, 228
shifted from North American coastal waters, 250
warfare in western Atlantic, 247
wolf-pack technique, 242

Japanese

in Aleutians, 254
shelling of west coast, 121, 121 n
reduction of menace, 317
tanker losses to, 228

Suez Canal, 193

Superintendent of Airways, Canadian, 201

Supplies, 137

acquisition of, in Canada, 136-37
in Canada. See North West Purchasing, Limited; War Supplies, Limited.

Supply Committee, U.S.-Canadian, 139

Supreme Court, Canadian, opinion on jurisdiction, 299-300

Supreme war council, proposal of, 59

Surcouf, 159

Surplus property

in Canada, disposition of, 44, 317, 319-20, 326-29, 326n, 333, 358-59, 364-65
in U.S., purchase of by Canada, 329

Sydney, Australia, 272

Sydney, Nova Scotia, 2, 49, 245, 247

Sykes, Howard, 79

SYMBOL (Casablanca) Conference, 66n, 248

 

Tanana, 230

Tanks, 92, 281 production totals, U.S.-Canadian, 290

Taschereau, Robert, 299

Task Force 1, USN, 123, 124. See also Atlantic Fleet.

Task Force 4, USN-RCN-RN, 116, 124, 125

Task Force 24, 248

Task Force 57, RN, 272

Task Force 2600, 127, 231

Task Force Tare, 255-56

Task Group 4.11. See Newfoundland Escort Force.

Task Group 4.19, USN-RCN, 125, 244, 245

Task Unit 16.1.1, AAF-RCAF, 254, 255

Tavani, 191

Taxes, Canadian

American personnel, 134
reimbursement of, 278

Taxes, Newfoundland, 169

Taxes, U.S., 278

TERMINAL Conference, 66n

Tests, cold weather, Camp Shilo, 281

The Pas. See Bases, air, U.S.

Theobald, Rear Adm. Robert, 255-56

Thicket, 191

Thomas, Capt. F. P., 36

Tizard, Sir Henry, 285

Tizard Mission, 285, 286

TNT, 286

Tok road, 225

Torbay, 170n, 172, 173, 184, 247

Toronto, joint conference on Military Area, 197

Toronto Group, 286

Trade, Canadian

with Latin America, 143, 148, 161
agreements with Argentina, Brazil, and Chile, 144

Training. See also Air Observers School, Canadian; British Commonwealth Air Training Plan; Pilots, world-wide training requirements; U.S.-Canadian relations, areas of co-operation.

air, in Canada, for U.S. personnel, proposal of, 42n, 281-83, 343, 356
assistance, request for by Canada, 13
British air crews, in U.S., 282
Canadian personnel in U.S. Army schools, 281
cold weather, ESKIMO, POLAR BEAR, LEMMING exercises, 281
naval, on Great Lakes, 279, 280
parachute, for Canadian personnel, Fort Benning, 281
RCAF, at Bellingham, 283
RCAF officers at U.S. airway traffic control school, 305
specialized for First Special Service Force, 261-62

Transfers

of Americans from Canadian to U.S. forces, 274-76, 282
of Canadians from U.S. to Canadian forces, 276

Transportation Committee, U.S.-Canadian, 139

Transportation Corps Regulating Station, Edmonton, 133

Transportation facilities, 86, 186, 189, 191n, 193. See also Air Transport Command; Alaska Highway; CRIMSON Project; Northwest Staging Route; Railways; Roads; Water routes; White Projects.

air, to Alaska, 219
Canada, 350
Canadian, U.S. improvement of, 345
Great Lakes, load-line regulations, 273
Maritimes, 349-50
Newfoundland, 177-79, 349-50
to northern air bases, 187
northern Canada, improvements by U.S., 333-34
ore carriers, Canadian, in U.S. domestic shipping, 274
river routes, 202
shipping to Alaska, 239
U.S. Army truck fleet, Alaska Highway, 223-24
water, to Alaska, 219
water route, Waterways to Norman Wells, 214, 231
winter roads, 202
winter roads, Peace River-Fort Providence, 214
winter roads, Peace River-Norman Wells, 214, 231, 232

Treasury Board, Canadian, 278

Treasury Department, U.S., 292

Treaties

Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway, rejection of, 274
U.S.-Great Britain, on boundary with Canada, 27

Treaty of Ghent, 1

Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance, 48

Treaty Series, Canadian, 29

TRIDENT Conference, 66

Trinidad, 97n

Troops, Australian, 270

Troops, British, 50, 270

Aruba, 142
Iceland, 155
relieved in Iceland, 157, 157n

Troops, Canadian, 47

Aleutian campaign, 257
Bahamas, 149n
Bermuda, 149n
British Guiana, 149n
British West Indies, 9
Caribbean, 143
England, 156n
Fort Benning, 281
Goose Bay, 188
Great Britain, 162
Hong Kong, capture by Japanese, 71n, 272n
Iceland, 9, 142, 156, 162
Iceland garrison transferred to British Isles, 157
Jamaica, 49, 142, 149n
Labrador, 149n
LEMMING exercise, 281
Maritime Provinces, 99, 162
Newfoundland, 9, 20, 20n, 95, 98-99, 149n, 166, 170, 173, 175
west coast, 101

Troops, India, 270

Troops, Netherlands, 63

Troops, New Zealand, 270

Troops, U.S. See also Air forces, U.S.

Alaska, 100-101, 199, 204, 277
Argentia, 168
Aruba, 149n
Canada, 134, 199, 296-97, 317-18 withdrawal from, after V-J Day, 306
to Canada only if attack imminent, 16-17
Curaçao, 149n
Greenland, 154, 243
Iceland, 156-57, 243
mobile reserves to repel aggression, 162
Maritimes, 16-17
Newfoundland, 16-17, 93, 170, 173, 175, 296, 317-18

Troopships

Canadian, 222n, 267n, 277
U.S., 258

Truk, 272

Truman, Harry S., 289

Truman Committee. See Senate, Special Committee of, to Investigate the National Defense Program.

Trusteeships. See Colonies, European, in Western Hemisphere.

Turkey, 293

 

Uganda, 272

Umnak, 254-55

Uniform, Army, for contract airline personnel, 309, 310

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, 58-59, 205, 216, 244, 293, 294-95, 318, 337, 338-39

United Airlines, 133, 308

United Kingdom, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18 20, 21, 23, 24-25, 27, 48, 49, 55, 56 58, 60, 61-62, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 72, 77, 83-84, 85, 90, 94, 97, 99, 102, 103-0 4, 110, 112, 115, 123, 126, 130, 142, 146, 148, 149-50, 149n, 151, 153n, 155-57, 159, 162, 163, 164, 167, 171, 181, 182, 184, 186, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 248, 250, 260, 267, 275, 281, 282, 285, 287, 288, 292, 294-95, 298-99, 300, 329, 338, 339. See also Battle of Britain; Commander in Chief, Western Approaches.

Free French occupation of St. Pierre and Miquelon, suggestion of, 158
government in exile, if Britain falls, 9
occupation of Iceland to prevent German use, 155
pressure on Canadians to occupy Greenland, 150
war leadership, 340

United Nations, 148, 337

U.S. Army Air Forces in Newfoundland, 98, 125, 126, 172, 190, 247, 313

U.S. Army Construction Forces for the Alcan Highway, 127

U.S. Army Forces in Central Canada, 45n, 131

U.S. Army Forces in Eastern Canada, 131

U.S.-British agencies. See Anglo-American Food Committee; Combined Chiefs of Staff, U.S.-British; Combined Civil Affairs Committee; Combined Communications Board; Combined Food Board, U.S.-British; Combined Meteorological Committee; Combined Policy Committee (atomic research); Combined Production and Resources Board, U.S.British; Combined Raw Materials Board, U.S.-British; Combined Shipping Adjustment Board, U.S.-British; Munitions Assignments Board, U.S.-British.

U.S.-Canadian agencies. See Alaskan International Highway Commission; Board of Inquiry for the Great Lakes Fisheries,

U.S.-Canadian agencies--Continued
U.S.-Canadian; Canadian Air Traffic Regulations Subcommittee; Communications Committee, U.S.-Canadian; Construction and Engineering Committee, U.S.-Canadian; Flying Control Committee, U.S.-Canadian; International Fisheries Commission, U.S.-Canadian; International Joint Commission, U.S.Canadian; International Pacific Salmon Fisheries Commission; JAN-CAN Committee, U.S.-Canadian; Joint Agricultural Committee, U.S.-Canadian; Joint Defense Production Committee, U.S.Canadian; Joint Economics Committee, U.S. and Canadian; Joint Travel Control Board, U.S.-Canadian; Joint War Aid Committee, U.S. and Canadian; Joint War Production Committee, U.S.Canadian; Material Coordinating Committee, U.S. and Canada; Military Cooperation Committee, U.S.-Canadian; Permanent Joint Board on Defense; Security of Communications Committee, U.S.-Canadian; Special Commissioner for Defense Projects; Supply Committee, U.S.-Canadian; Transportation Committee, U.S.-Canadian; Weather Committee, U.S.-Canadian.

U.S.-Canadian relations, See U.S.-Canadian relations, areas of co-operation; U.S.Canadian relations, areas of Canadian discontent; U.S.-Canadian relations, areas of U.S. discontent; Public opinion, Canadian; Public opinion, U.S.

U.S.-Canadian relations, areas of Canadian discontent. See also U.S.-Canadian relations, areas of co-operation; U.S.Canadian relations, areas of U.S. discontent

AAF offer of outmoded bombers for use in Pacific, 271
ABC-1 report, 57 America attitude on Canada, 340
attitude on Canadian independence, 68 70, 335, 339, 341
British-American staff liaison in London, 20-21
control over contract airlines, 308-10
construction sites, 200, 296
failure to consult, 85
inadequacy of voice in Commonwealth strategy, 5n
leased-bases agreement on Newfoundland, 62
military mission to Washington, 72-76, 104, 120, 342
Pacific problems, 70-71, 160
reference to First Special Service Force as a U.S. unit, 261
representation on Combined Food Board, 83, 84
representation in war councils, 57, 59-60, 62-64, 68, 73-74, 84-85, 102, 339
Rio de Janeiro meeting, 160
Roosevelt-Churchill meeting off Newfoundland, 62
Secretary Hull's reference to "so-called" Free French, 160
unity of command, 342
U.S. postwar advantage, 340
U.S. troops and civilians on Canadian soil, 340

U.S.-Canadian relations, areas of co-operation, 24-25, 319-20. See also Military planning, U.S.-Canadian; Permanent Joint Board on Defense; Plans, defense and war; U.S.-Canadian relations, areas of Canadian discontent; U.S.-Canadian relations, areas of U.S. discontent; and projects by name.

aerial mapping of northern Canada, 284
aerial torpedo range in Puget Sound, 281 air training in Canada for U.S. personnel, proposal, 281-83
apprehension of AWOL's and deserters, 277
on the battlefield, 241-42
cold-weather exercises ESKIMO, POLAR BEAR, LEMMING, 281
cold-weather tests, U.S., at Camp Shilo, 281
compulsory military training for nondeclarant males, 276
construction of facilities, 344
dental and medical services, 277
enlistments and transfers in Armed Forces, 274
exchange of intelligence, 280-81
hospital facilities, 277
Lake of St. Francis, 273
Lend-Lease, 293-94
mail service, 277
MUSKOX exercise, 336-37
Niagara River, 273
parachute training at Fort Benning, 281
payment of Canadian troops in U.S. dollars, 277
prizes of war, 278
rescue of Hudson Bay Company personnel, Fort Ross, 284
research and development, 273, 284-89
Rush-Bagot Agreement, 278-80
security measures, 283-84
settlement of claims, 277-78
shipping facilities on Great Lakes, 273
troopships, Canadian, loan of, 222n, 277

U.S.-Canadian relations, etc.--Continued

U.S. military broadcasting stations in Canada, 277
use of air and naval facilities, 283
waiving of Canadian duties, taxes, royalties, 278
before World War II, 1-3, 296

U.S.-Canadian relations, areas of U.S. discontent. See also U.S.-Canadian relations, areas of co-operation; U.S.Canadian relations, areas of Canadian discontent.

air defense, Gander Airport, 117
airway control and operation, 238
authority and interservice discord in Newfoundland, 118
changes in design specifications for staging fields, 212
communications in Newfoundland, 118
control of U.S. air bases and traffic in Canada, 304, 306
construction sites, 200, 296
delays on Northwest Staging Route fields, 205, 207, 209
inadequate labor force and refusal to permit use of Engineer troops, 205
limited use of proposed Canadian Army Pacific Force 268
local defense, necessity of agreement among commanders, 117
Newfoundland air facilities, 96-97, 171
proposed tax on surplus property used in the war, 327
radar installation in Canada, 71
reassignments to obtain seniority, 117-18
refusal of U.S. servicing detachment at Torbay, 173
repeated failure to meet delivery schedules, 292-93
reversal to Canadian construction on Staging Route, 212, 304
RCAF desire to control air traffic in Newfoundland, 302
RCAF use of U.S. buildings, Gander Airport, 172
unity of command, 74, 89, 90, 98, 104, 121-22

U.S. urgency versus Canadian study of postwar effects, 71, 235, 340

U.S. Department of State. See Department of State, U.S.

U.S. Joint Board. See Joint Board, U.S.

University of Chicago, 287

Unlimited national emergency, U.S., 58

UNRRA, 295

Uranium, 287, 288

Urquhart, Mr., 135

 

Valdez, 222, 225

Vancouver, 39, 41, 238, 240, 305

Vancouver, 256

Vancouver Island, 122n, 257, 258

Vandenberg, Arthur, 29

Vanier, Lt. Col. George P., 35, 37

Venezuela, 48

Vessels

Canadian commercial, on Great Lakes, 274
military, on Great Lakes. See Rush-Bagot Agreement.
Mutual Aid program ships, Canadian title to, 294-95
U.S., passage through Canadian waters, 307, 310
U.S.-Canadian construction totals, 290
U.S., and Icelandic flag, 123

Veterans Guard, 149n

Vichy French Fleet, 158

Vichy Government, 158

Vickery, H. L., 80

Victoria, 39, 41, 201

Villeneuve-Loubet, 267

V-J Day, 317

 

Wager Bay, 191

Wagner, Capt. F. D., 36

Walsh, Air Vice Marshal G. V., 75n

Walwyn, Vice Adm., 166

War Assets Corporation, Limited, 326, 326n, 333

War Cabinet, British, 56

War debts, 2

War Department, U.S., 7, 10-11, 17, 29, 31, 34, 35, 38, 42, 42n, 43n, 45-46, 50, 56, 72-74, 76, 90, 92, 96, 104, 105, 107, 115-16, 118, 120, 127, 130-31, 132, 133 35, 148, 149, 152, 163, 169-70, 171, 182, 185, 187, 189, 194, 197, 204, 205, 206, 212, 213, 215, 217, 218, 219, 224, 226-31, 232, 234-35, 239, 240, 252, 253, 260, 266, 267, 268-70, 271, 278, 280, 282, 283, 292, 306, 311-12, 322n, 328, 328n, 343

War Department General Staff, 17, 35, 89, 111, 113-14, 136, 140

War of 1812, 1

War Food Administrator, U.S., 84

War Office, British, 156n

War Office, Canadian, 72n

War Plans Division, WDGS, 17, 52, 89, 103 0 4, 111, 115-16, 149n

War production. See also Industry, Canadian; Industry, U.S.-Canadian; Joint War Production Committee, U.S.-Canadian; Munitions, Canadian; Munitions, U.S.;

War production--Continued
Munitions, U.S.-Canadian; Roosevelt, Hyde Park Declaration.

amortization, on Canadian-owned facilities, 293
distribution of, 295
Canadian, 295
U.S., 292-94
U.S. and Canadian, 339
U.S.-Canadian joint declaration on, 80-81
U.S.-Canadian totals, 289-91

War Production Board, U.S., 260

War Shipping Administration, U.S., 292

War Supplies Limited, 83, 292

War Supply Board, Canadian, 60

Warm Springs, 4

Wartime Industries Board, Canadian, 79

Wartime Information Board, Canadian, 26n

Washington

Atlantic Convoy Conference, 125, 248-49
Canadian air traffic regulations, talks on, 304-05
Inter-American Defense Board, seat of, 145
meeting, Permanent Joint Board on Defense, 39, 40
Military Cooperation Committee meeting, 336
Newfoundland air traffic control, talks on, 301-02
staff talks, January-March 1941. See Military planning, U.S.-British.
staff talks, prewar, announcement of, 58
tripartite agreement on atomic energy, 289

Washington State, 106, 220n

Water route, Waterways to Norman Wells, 231, 331

Waterways, Alberta, 231-32

Watson Island, 240, 327

Watson Lake, 201, 202, 207, 208, 211, 212, 230, 232, 234n, 235, 323, 324, 331, 333

Watson-Watt, Robert, 94

Weapons, advanced, and Canadian privileged sanctuary position, 341

Weapons, atomic, 341

Weasel, 260, 262, 281

Weather, meteorological services, Canadian northwest, 236, 237-38, 309

Weather Committee, U.S.-Canadian, 139

Weather stations, U.S., 318, 327

Brochet, 191
Calgary, 338
Canada, 52, 70, 136, 141, 189, 190-91
Canadian hindrances to U.S. weather services, 190
Cape Harrison, 191n
Churchill, 191
Coral Harbour, 191
Duck Lake, 191
Edmonton, 238
Eskimo Point, 191
Fort Chimo, 184, 190, 191
Fort Nelson, 238
Fort St. John, 238
Foxe Basin, 191
Frobisher Bay, 184, 190, 191
Gander, Canadian forecasts for U.S. garrison, 190
Gillam, 191
Greenland, 149
Hebron, 191n
Hudson Bay Junction, 191
Indian House Lake, 191
Island Falls, 191
Lake Harbour, 191
Mecatina, 191
Newfoundland (Gander) Airport, 190
Padloping Island, 184, 190, 191
Prince George, 238
River Clyde, 191
Stillwater Lake, 191
The Pas, 191
Wabowden, 191
Watson Lake, 238
Whitehorse, 238
York Bay, 191

Welland Canal, 279

Welles, Sumner, 10, 11n, 14, 15, 21-22, 31, 145, 145n, 146, 163, 164

West Indies, 14-15, 142

Western Airlines, 133, 308

Western Defense Command. See Defense Commands, Western.

Western Hemisphere, 10, 11, 19, 23, 24, 26, 40, 46, 48, 49, 50-51, 142, 143, 153, 153n, 161, 163, 164, 271, 341. See also American Republics; Colonies, European, in Western Hemisphere; Military planning, U.S.; Monroe Doctrine; Permanent Joint Board on Defense, geographical limits.

and Iceland, 155-56, 157n
U.S. convoys to 30° west, 123, 244
U.S. neutrality patrol to 26° west, 243

Western Labor Board, Canadian, 137, 199 200

Western Local Escort Force, RCN-U.K., 125, 245-46, 247

Western Union Telegraph Company, 180

Westomp (western ocean meeting place), 244 246

Whitbourne, 180

White, Harry D., 78

White Hills. See Fort Pepperrell.

White Pass and Yukon Route Railway, 128, 225, 225n, 226, 230

U.S. lease of, 225-26

White Project, AAF, 192, 318

Whitehorse, 127, 128, 135, 224, 226, 228-29, 230-31, 232, 235, 236, 237, 238, 305, 323, 324, 325, 330, 332. See also Bases, air, U.S., Whitehorse.

Whitney, Rear Adm. J. P., 36

Whittier, Alaska, 225

Wilson, J. A., 135, 205

Winant. John G., 156

Winnipeg, 45n, 131, 195

Winnipeg Grenadiers, 142, 257

Winter Outpost, Canada, 191

Winter roads, 202, 214, 231, 232

Woodbridge, 4

Woodring, Harry H., 149n

World War I, 1-2, 59

conscription, French-Canadian opposition to, 206n
U.S.-Canadian relationships, 2

World War II

cost, military, to Canada, 295
cost, military, to U.S., 295

Worsham, Brig. Gen. Ludson B., 128, 139

WPL-50 (Navy Hemisphere Defense Plan 3), 122

WPL-51 (Navy Hemisphere Defense Plan 4), 122-24

WPL-52 (Navy Hemisphere Defense Plan 5), 123, 124

Wrangell, 202

Wrigley, 215

Wyman, Col. Theodore, Jr., 128, 214

 

Yachts, for conversion, purchase of by Canada, 7

Yakutat, 100, 202, 253

Yarmouth, 23, 247

York Bay, 191

Yugoslavia, 293

Yukon River, Yukon-Alaska, 218, 225n, 227

Yukon Territory, 128, 137, 225n, 232

Table of Contents