The first Henderson (AP-1) was named for Archibald Henderson, who was born in Fairfax County, Va., 21 January 1783 and was appointed a Second Lieutenant in the Marine Corps 4 June 1806. He served in Constitution during her famous victories in the War of 1812. he was appointed Colonel Commandant of the Marine Corps 17 October 1820. Colonel Henderson served in the field during the Indian Wars and held the post of Commandant for 38 years, longer than any other man. Under his leadership the Corps developed into a formidable arm of the nation's naval forces. General Henderson died suddenly 6 January 1859.The second Henderson (DD-785) was named for Lofton R. Henderson, who was born in Cleveland 24 May 1903 and graduated from the Naval Academy in 1926. Prior to World War II he served in China, and various Caribbean stations, and on carriers Langley, Ranger and Saratoga. Major Henderson was posthumously awarded the Navy Cross for his heroism at the historic Battle of Midway, one of the decisive battles of history in which the leadership of the fleet commander and the valor of a handful of pilots changed the course of the war. While his plane was leading 16 Marine Corps planes in a glide bombing attack on carrier Hiryu, the left wing burst into flames as he began his final approach. Henderson continued the attack and perished as his plane dived toward the enemy carrier. Henderson Field, Guadalcanal, was named in his honor.
(DD-785: dp. 2,425; 1. 390'6", b. 40'11"; dr. 18'6"; s. 35 k.; cpl. 336; a. 6 5", 16 40mm., 15 20mm., 5 21" tt., 6 dep., 2 dct.; cl. Gearing)
The second Henderson (DD-785) was launched 28 May 1945 by Todd Pacific Shipyards, Inc., Seattle, Wash.; sponsored by Mrs. A. R. Early; and commissioned at Seattle 4 August 1945, Comdr. H. A. Knoertzer in command.
Henderson conducted shakedown cruise out of San Diego, then departed Seattle 31 October for Hawaii. Upon her arrival 7 November she operated as a screen ship for escort carriers in Hawaiian waters and conducted experimental sonar tests with submarines before returning to San Diego 23 April 1946. After divisional exercises off California she departed 2 December 1946 for Operation "High Jump," an Antarctic exploration and test program. This important operation included tests of clothing and equipment as well as mapping and weather work. Henderson reached Sydney, Australia, 13 March 1947 and San Diego 6 April 1947.
After two long cruises to the Pacific in support of U.S. occupation forces in Japan. Henderson departed San Diego 5 August 1950 to join the United Nations forces in Korea. Arriving Yokosuka 19 August she served as a screening ship for fast carrier forces whose planes flew ground support and other missions in Korea. As U.S. forces prepared to leap northward with the historic Inchon invasion, Henderson was with the assault forces. She steamed up Flying Fish Channel on 13 September, destroying mines and bombarding the Inchon waterfront preparatory to the invasion. The destroyers also traded blows with Communist shore batteries. The gunfire support group again entered the channel into Inchon Bay 14 to 15 September, softening up shore defenses. General of the Army Douglas MacArthur soon made signal as the Marines landed that day: "The Navy and Marines have never shone more brightly than this morning." Henderson remained on fire support duty at Inchon until 1 October.
The destroyer returned to screening duty after Inchon, first along the coast of Korea and then in the Formosa Strait. This duty continued until she departed Keelung 20 March, arriving San Diego 7 April 1951. After coastwise exercises and a cruise to Hawaii for training, Henderson sailed 4 January 1952 for her second tour of duty in Korea. She arrived off Hungnam 16 February to take part in the blockade of' that port and the coastal areas to the north. Her duties included gunfire support and bombardment of' industrial sites until 7 March, when she screened carrier Bataan off the coast of' Japan. For the remainder of her tour Henderson operated with the fast carrier task forces around Korea and in the Formosa Strait. She departed Yokosuka 25 July and arrived San Diego 10 August 1952.
Henderson conducted training exercises off San Diego until 22 March 1953, when she departed for her third Korean tour. She took part in the siege of Wonsan harbor, supporting Korean troops with accurate and continuous gunfire, and conducted antisubmarine operations off Okinawa. The destroyer engaged in the vital coastal patrol, maintaining Allied control of the seas around Korea, until after the Korean armistice in July 1953. She arrived San Diego 19 October 1953, after a total of 22 months of Korean duty.
Following Korea, Henderson established a pattern of cruises to the Far East with the fast and mobile 7th Fleet, a main guarantor of peace in the region. Since 1954, she has made more than a dozen such cruises. Highlights of this phase of her service include protection of the Quemoy Islands from Communist aggression in September 1954, relief of Ceylonese flood victims in January 1958, and important fleet and individual exercises during her periods at sea.
Commencing 11 August 1964, Henderson began annual cruises in Vietnamese waters, supporting 7th Fleet amphibious and shore bombardment operations, and guarding the fast-striking hard hitting carriers. She returned to Long Beach 16 December, underwent modernization overhaul and intensive shore bombardment training, and returned to the intensified struggle against Communist aggression in South Vietnam 10 July 1965. During the next 5 months she ranged the South China Sea and Gulf of Tonkin while screening Oriskany and pounding Viet Cong positions. In December she steamed to the Gulf of Siam, where she blasted V.C. coastal targets on the Ca Mau Peninsula. As escort for Bon Homme Richard, the veteran destroyer departed Hong Kong 26 December and arrived Long Beach 13 January 1966.
Henderson spent the next year serving as an ASW school ship out of San Diego and taking part in squadron exercises out of Long Beach. Late in July she joined in a massive but unsuccessful air-sea search for the Hawaii-bound aircraft carrying Brigadier General Joseph W. Stilwell, Jr., USA. After completing preparations for another WestPac deployment, she returned to the troubled waters of Southeast Asia in January 1967. Over the next 4 months she supported attack carrier operations and conducted even more intensive shore bombardment assignments, thus contributing to the determined American effort to restore the peace and insure the freedom in Southeast Asia. Henderson returned to Long Beach in mid-June to prepare for further duty in defense of the Nation and the free world.
Henderson received eight battle stars for Korean War service, and shared in the Navy Unit Commendation given her task unit for its part in the Inchon landings.