[Prev][Next][Index][Thread]

**** Periodic posting of Keywords ****



Periodic posting of keywords.  Revised 5/11/95

Please use the following keywords at the beginning of your subject line 
when posting to rec.gardens (if you so desire! :).

CHAT	for "how's your garden doing, what's happening in your
		part of the world," and discussions like this.
EDIB	for edible plants
GH	for greenhouses and indoor gardening
HERB	for herbs (ornamental & edible!)
LAWN	for lawn and pasture questions
*MISC	ACK! I can't figure out which keyword to use!
*NEWS	for announcements
ORN	for ornamentals
*ORG	for organic issues (composting, etc.)
PEST	for pest control, including weeds, bugs, and other pests
SEED	for propagation techniques, including seeds 
TOOL	for equipment and techniques
TREE	for arboriculture
ZONE	for questions on zones and hardiness


(* New as of 5/11/95)

Use of these keywords will make reading this large (and wonderful) list a 
bit easier.
Thanks!

Leslie Troutman
TROUTMAN@UIUC.EDU



Article 10669 (111 more) in rec.gardens:
From: klier@iscsvax.uni.edu
Subject: Re: plant root hormones?
Date: 10 Sep 92 22:28:49 GMT
Organization: University of Northern Iowa

> ROOTONE is advertised as a plant root hormone that encourages cuttings 
> to grow roots and become real plants.  Has anybody out there ever used 
> ROOTONE or similar substances?  Can someone send my a list of plants 
> that will respond to this stuff, or point me to a FAQ list?

Rootone and Hormonex are a couple of brands of synthetic rooting hormones--
and I use them all the time in the greenhouse when I'm striking cuttings.
These come in a variety of strengths (they are auxin analogs), and you
just dip the last few nodes into the powder, tap the excess off, and stick
the cutting into the rooting media.

Here's where the fun starts: IAA and its analogs _inhibit_ root growth 
at high concentrations, and the listings on the sides of the cans or
packets generally talk about only a few common species.  Some species
will root in single-strength Hormonex, but won't root in higher 
concentrations.  Another species wouldn't root at lower concentrations,
will root at double strength, and won't root at highest strength....

My seat-of-the-pants guide for which strength to choose is lowest
strength for herbaceous plants, middle strength for most vines/trees/shrubs,
and highest strength for hard-to-root plants like conifers. 

If I've got plenty of plant material to play with, and I really don't
know how this species will respond, I put some untreated cuttings in 
the mist bed, and some treated with each of the concentrations on hand.
Then I get out that underutilized best tool, the notebook, and start 
taking notes.

If I don't have much, I try untreated and treated with lowest concentration.
Then if I see no roots in 6 weeks, I'll bump it up to medium conc...
For the absolutely most stubborn, hard to root plants, I use very dilute
2,4-D, which is also an auxin analog (it essentially kills at
herbicidal concentrations by "growing the plant to death").

Why do I use Rootone, etc.?  Well, if you get the right concentration,
the cuttings _do_ root much faster and come out of the mist bed much 
sooner than if I had untreated cuttings.  Our mist bed isn't very big,
and we all have to share the space, so "KLIER, GET YOUR D**N CUTTINGS 
OUT OF HERE!!!!"  There is also a little fungicide in most preparations
and that seems to help improve the survival.

I don't have a list of what plants need what strength.  The commonly
available Rootone is the lowest of the 3 concentrations available--
it's an OK choice for most things.  I suspect that a professional plant
propagation manuals have tables of all this, but I don't own one. 
Just need to hit a few more booksales and used book stores!  ;-)

Kay Klier  Biology Dept  UNI

----*----

Article 10771 (106 more) in rec.gardens:
From: drewsxpa@salem.intel.com (Paul Drews)
Subject: Re: plant root hormones?
Date: 15 Sep 92 18:37:40 GMT

>ROOTONE is advertised as a plant root hormone that encourages cuttings 
>to grow roots and become real plants.  Has anybody out there ever used 
>ROOTONE or similar substances?  Can someone send my a list of plants 
>that will respond to this stuff, or point me to a FAQ list?

Just a few things to add to Kay's excellent reply:

A  good  reference  book I use is "The reference manual of woody plant
propagation".    It   has   an   excellent  discussion  of  chemicals,
techniques,  etc.   along with specific information for a wide variety
of  woody  plant species.  No info on rooting techniques for non-woody
plants, although my sense is that you use lower concentrations and get
quicker  results.   I  can  get an ISBN and so forth for the book from
home if you can't find it in a well-stocked gardening bookstore.

This  book  mentions  three hormones:  IAA (I can't remember what this
stands  for.   It  was  had no effect or an inhibiting effect for most
things).   NAA,  which  stands  for "Naphthaleneacetic acid".  This is
used  for some woody plant propagation, but isn't too effective.  IBA,
which  stands  for "Indole-3 Butyric Acid" is the most popular rooting
hormone for woody plants.  I have the vague impression that NAA may be
more widely used for the non-woody plants.

NAA and IBA are solids at room temperature.  They are either dissolved
in  an  alcohol-water solution or mixed with talc powder for use.  You
typically  buy them this way, since only tiny amounts are required and
the  chemicals  are  very expensive and poisonous.  Here's a couple of
products:

Rootone:
NAA  with talc, although I once found a packet of this way in the back
of  the pile at some store that claimed to have IBA.  I vaguely recall
that  the  concentration  was  0.01%  which  is  way  too low for most
woody-plant  use.   I  have used it successfully for non-woody plants,
though.   This  is  usually  the  only  one you can find in your local
gardening store.

Hormex:
IBA  with  talc.   Comes  in "number 1, number 5, number 8, and number
16",  with  the  number indicating the concentration (number 8 is 8000
PPM,  etc.).   As  Kay  points  out,  too  low  a concentration is not
effective,  too  high  "burns"  the  plant.  Hormex number 8 is a good
mid-range for the woody plants.

Hormodin:
IBA  with  talc.   Comes  in  1,  2,  or  3,  at  1000, 5000, 8000 PPM
respecitvely.   Check  the  bottle  label  for  exact numbers.  When I
bought some of this stuff, it came with a table of a couple of hundred
woody  plant  species  together  with the proper hormodin number to go
with them.

Dip-N-Grow:
IBA  in  alcohol-water  solution.   I  think  I  got it in a 10000 PPM
solution intended to be diluted with water.

There  are  more,  but these are the ones I have experience with.  You
can  find  Rootone at most gardening stores.  I had to go to a nursery
supply  place to find the others (Teufel nurseries in Portland, Oregon
in  my case).  The talc formulations are the easiest to handle and use
in my opinion, although the solutions may have slightly higher success
ratios.

The  most  common recipe for use (for deciduous hardwoods) seems to be
to  take cuttings in june-july, dip the ends of the cuttings and knock
off  the  excess.  Stick them in moist a perlite-peat mixture and keep
them from drying out.  They will dry out very easily, since they don't
have  any  decent root systems to suck up water yet.  You have to keep
them  moist  and  shady.  I have used a mist bottle twice a day with a
saran  wrap  cover,  but  still dried out quite a few.  I envy Kay her
greenhouse  and  automated misting system.  Start with some easy stuff
like  willow,  wisteria,  poplar, and dogwood first to get the hang of
it.

For  the  few conifers that will root (the redwoods, yews, some cedars
and  junipers (I can see the botanists shuddering at my classification
system))  the  magic  formula  seems  to  be to take fall to midwinder
cuttings.   These  do  best  with cold tops and warm bottoms.  I don't
have  the  equipment  for this, so I will be experimenting this winter
with cold-all-over techniques.

By  the  way, the rooting hormones are dreadfully poisonous.  Read the
caution  labels on the containers.  Don't even store them near food or
fertilizer and don't use them on stuff you're going to eat.

                                - PauL Drews
                                drewsxpa@ashland.intel.com
End of article 9868 (of 9893)--what next? [npq] 9870
Article 9870 (74 more) in rec.gardens:
From: klier@iscsvax.uni.edu
Subject: FAQ-- Rose catalogs
Date: 10 Aug 92 16:24:13 GMT
Organization: University of Northern Iowa
Lines: 309


             US and CANADA ROSE CATALOGS -- FAQ

Susan Gere compiled a rather extensive list of North American
rose nurseries; most of the kudos go to her.  Kay Klier
supplemented the list slightly.

Some of these catalogs are basically lists; many of the roses
(esp. species roses and older roses) are beautifully illustrated
in Martyn Rix and John Phillip's _Roses_, Random House,
(reprint of earlier British edition from Pan Books).

Another good reference is:
Reddell, Rayford C, with MFK Fisher.  1988. _Growing Good Roses_.
Harper & Row.:

The America Rose Society, (PO Box 30000, Shreveport, LA 71130)
publishes a number of specialist books and pamphlets on levels
ranging from "novice" to "expert". and a monthly journal, _The
American Rose_.

All-American Rose Selections (PO Box 218; Shanadoah, IA 51601)
spponsors 23 test-gardens for trials of new introductions,
including one at:
Horticulture Garden
Iowa State University
Ames, IA 50011

OK, WHERE ARE THE OTHERS?????


To locate the source of any commercially propagated rose,
contact:
Bev Dobson's Combined Rose List
215 Harriman Road
Irvington, NY 10533
                                
                ---------------------------------

Antique Rose Emporium
   Route 5, Box 143
   Brenham, TX 77833
   409 836-9051
   Cat $2; old roses and companion perennials

BDK Nursery
   PO Box 628
   Apopka, FL 32704
   minatures

Carroll Gardens
   P.O. Box 310
   Westminster, MD 21157
   301 848-5422

Corn Hill Nursery
   RR 5, Route 890
   Petitcodiac, N.B.
   E0A 2H0 Canada
   506 756-3635
   Cat $2

Country Bloomers Nursery
   20091 E. Chapman Ave.
   Orange, CA 92669
   714 633-7222

Country Heritage Roses
   Route 2, Box 1401
   Scurry, TX 75158
   214 452-3380

Earl May Seed & Nursery L.P.
   Shenandoah, IA 51603
   800 831-4193

Forest Farms
   990 Tetherow Road
   Williams, OR 97544
   503 846-6963
   Cat $1.50

Forevergreen Farm
   70 New Gloucester Road
   North Yarmouth, ME 04021
   207 829-5830
   Cat $0

Gloria Dei Nursery
   36  East Road
   High Falls Park, NY 12440
   miniatures

Greenmantle Nursery
   3010 Ettersburg Road
   Garberville, CA 95440
   707 986-7504

Gurney Seed & Nursery
   110 Capitol Street
   Yankton, SD 57079
   605 665-4451
   Cat $0; handles Brownell "Subzero Roses"

Heirloom Old Garden Roses
   Oregon
   503 538-1576

Heritage Rosarium
   211 Haviland Mill Road
   Brookeville, MD 20833
   301 774-2806
   Cat $1

Heritage Rose Gardens
   16831 Mitchell Creek Drive
   Fort Bragg, CA 95437
   707 964-3748
   Cat $1

High Country Rosarium
   1717 Downing at Park Ave.
   Denver, CO 80218
   303 832-4026

Historical Roses
   1657 W. Jackson Street
   Painesville, OH 44077
   216 357-7270
   Cat $0; old and modern cvs.

Hortico Roses
   Robson Road, RR 1
   Waterdown, Ontario
   L0R 2H1 Canada
   416 689-6984
   Cat $2

Inter-State Nurseries
   P.O. Box 10
   Louisiana, MI 63353
   314 754-4525
   800 325-4180

Jackson and Perkins
   2518 South Pacific Highway
   PO Box 1028
   Medford, OR 97501
   Cat $0; modern roses; also some fruits, veg, herbs.

Keener Classics
   205 E. Edgewood
   Friendswood, TX 77546
   Cat $0; old roses for the South

Kimbrew-Walter Roses
   Route 2, Box 172
   Grand Saline, TX 75140
   214 829-2968

Kraus Nurseries
   Carlisle, Ontario 10R 1H0
   Canada
   Cat $0; roses, fruit and ornamental trees and shrubs, some
   berries and grapes.

Krider Nurseries
   P.O. Box 29
   Middlebury, IN 46540
   219 825-5714

Lowe's Own Root Roses
   6 Sheffield Road
   Nashua, NH 03062
   603 888-2214
   Cat $2; ca. 500 cvs; also custom propagation.

MB Farm Miniature Roses
   Jamison Hill Road
   Clinton Corners, NY 12514
   miniatures

McDaniels Miniature Roses
   7523 Zemco Street
   Lemon Grove, CA 92045
   minatures

Mini Farm
   PO Box 501
   Bon Aqua, TN 37025
   miiniatures

Mini-Roses
   PO Box 4255
   Station A
   Dallas, TX 75208
   Car $0; miniatures

Miniature Plant Kingdom
   4125 Harrison Grade Road
   Sebastopol, CA 95472
   Cat $1; miniatures

Morden Nurseries
   P.O. Box 1270
   Morden, Manitoba
   R0G 1J0 Canada
   204 822-3311

Nor'East Miniature Roses
   58 Hammond Street
   Rowley, MA 01969
   Cat $0; minatures

Pickering Nurseries
   670 Kingston Road Hwy 2
   Pickering, Ontario
   L1V 1A6 Canada
   416 839-2111
   Cat $2 (price list free)

Pixie Treasures Miniature Roses
   4121 Prospect Avenue
   Yorba Linda, CA 92686
   Cat $1; miniatures

Rose Acres
   6641 Crystal Blvd.
   Diamond Springs, CA 95619
   916 626-1722
   Cat SASE; modern and old roses; strong on musk and single
   roses.

Rose Garden and Mini-Rose Nursery
   PO Box 203
   Cross Hill, SC 29332
   miniatures

Rosehill Farm
   PO Box 203
   Galena, MD 21635
   miniatures

Roses by Fred Edmunds
   6235 SW Kahle Road
   Wilsonville, OR 97070
   Cat $0; old and modern roses, including "classic" modern roses
   of Kordes, McFredy, Warriner, Meilland, Tantau

Roses of Yesterday & Today
   802 Brown's Valley Road
   Watsonville, CA 95076
   408 724-3537
   Cat $3;  One of the most mouth-wateringly written catalogs!

Roseway Nurseries
   205 N Main
   PO Box 269
   Ridgefield, WA 98642
   Cat $0; modern roses

Smith & Hawken (seems to be expanding into the old rose market)
   25 Corte Madera
   Mill Valley, CA 94941
   Cat info 415 383-2000

Spring Hill Nurseries
   110 W Elm Street
   Tipp City, OH 43571
   Cat $0; mostly hybrid teas and grandifloras, some climbers and
   tree roses.

Springwood Miniature Roses
   Port Credit
   Box 255
   Mississauga, Ontario, L5G 4L8
   Canada
   miniatures

Stocking Rose Nursery
   785 N Capitol Avenue
   San Jose, CA 95133
   Cat $0; modern roses

Tiny Jewels Nursery
   9509 N Bartlett Road
   Oklahoma City, OK 73131
   miniatures

Tiny Petals Nursery
   489 Minot Avenue
   Chula Vista, CA 92010

Thomasville Nurseries
   PO Box 7
   Thomasville, GA 31799
   Cat $0; modern roses, evergreen & native azaleas; daylilies,
   liriope

Wayside Gardens
   PO Box 1
   1 Garden Lane
   Hodges, SC 29695-0001
   Cat $0; perennials, including some roses, esp. "English
   garden" class

Yesterday's Rose
   572 Las Colindas Road
   San Rafael, CA 94903

From: Kay Klier
Subject: Re: The Rundown on Roses (long)
Date: 5 Feb 92 04:27:39 GMT

> First of all, what distinguishes various kinds of roses?  I can't
> reliably tell the difference between a Floribunda, a Bourbon, or
> a Damask.  I'm pretty good on hybrid teas...  But all the various
> forms of old-fashioned roses confuse me completely -- they all look
> overpetaled and kind  of cabbagey.
> I've figured out that moss roses have fuzzy branches and foliage,
> but what are hybrid perpetuals and Gallicas?  What is a Portland
> rose (the only comment in one catalog was, "Akin to the Damask."
> Thanks a lot)?  I used to live in Portland, and I'd go visit the
> rose test gardens and admire the plants, but I couldn't ever figure
> out the distinguishing characteristics.
> Is a hedge rose the same as a shrub rose?  What about a bedding rose?
> An English rose?  Hybrid Musk?  Landscape rose?  And, yes, cabbage rose?

Well, I'm NOT a rosarian, but I can tell you that most of us have similar
problems in classifying cultivated roses.  Including (especially?)
the plant taxonomists.  Modern roses are a giant amalgam of all sorts
of species, and some of the more important characteristics of a parental
species might not show up in outward appearance, but might instead
influence a character like winter hardiness.

Me, I'm a utilitarian when it comes to rose classifications.  I divide
the groups into old-fashioned or garden roses (which usually smell
pretty good, & bloom once or a few times a year) and modern roses, which
are bred to be in bloom nearly all season, and often look a lot like
florist's roses.  Generally not much scent, either.  (These are, of
course, generalizations, and there are some nicely scented modern roses,
and some old-fashioned types that don't smell much at all.)

Shrub roses are that get at least as big as a forsythia, IMHO, and if
you plant them in a row, they are then hedge roses.  If you've got
a single big shrub rose, then I call that a landscape rose.  Might be
the same plant as the one in the hedge...  I like to grow species
roses rather than recent cultivars, so most of mine are shrub roses.

Bedding roses are roses that are planted in beds like geraniums in a
park flower bed (not my favorite way to use roses, but that's my
problem...).  These are generally hybrid tea type roses.

English roses are a fairly new development; they are supposed to combine
the form and odors of old fashioned roses with the blooming habits of
a hybrid tea.   Then there are climbing roses and ground-cover roses
(in both the old and modern groups)....

Now, if you're trying to guess whether a particular rose cultivar might
do well for you, you need to have some idea of the ancestry.  That's
where groups like "Bourbon", "China Tea", "hybrid tea", "rugosa", etc.
start getting useful.  These are rough indications of how likely the
plant is to survive your winters, what sort of abuse it can take,
what it will smell like, and the general form and odor of the flowers.

Roses with a China rose ancestry tend to bloom often (for old-fashioned
roses), but they don't stand much frost.  Most of the native

European roses (like Rosa gallica, apothecary's rose) bloom once a year.
Other European roses that have had a big role in modern rose ancestry are
Rosa x alba (which is itself a hybrid) and the damask roses, which are
also hybrids.   Cabbage roses (R. x centifolia, provence rose) are
hybrids of a damask and an alba rose.  Portland roses were named after
a duchess of Portland (England), right about 1800.  Moss roses are
mutants that have croped up several times in the cabbage roses and
the damasks.

The China roses that were selected in Europe, were, as I said earlier,
pretty frost-tender.  Tea roses are also tender Chinese roses, but
they were hybridized with the Bourbon roses and the Noisettes.  When
they crossed the bourbons, noisettes and hybrid perpetuals, the result
was the first hybrid tea roses.

OK, so where did the Bourbons, Noisettes, and Hybrid Perpetuals come
from?  The Bourbons are selections of Rosa chinensis hybridized with
an unknown rose growing in Egypt in the early 1800's.  Someone
sent some seeds on to France, where they became great favorites.  Redoute,
Marie Antoinette's painting teacher, did a lot of watercolors of
these.

Noisettes are hybrids between Rosa chinensis and Rosa moschata (musk
rose).  They were first grown in South Carolina.

Hybrid Perpetuals are from (Portland x China) x (Gallica x China).

Because of the large amounts of R. chinensis ancestry, most of these
are pretty frost-tender.

There are a lot of other groups of roses that represent selections
from certain hybrid ancestries, but I think you get the idea...

The Phillips and Rix book called Roses has a fairly good section on
history of modern cultivar groups.  Trouble is, it gets so complicated,
that you've almost got to draw out ancestry charts to figure out
what's going on.

Truthfully, I just sort of know the rose groups that I'm most likely
to be able to grow (for my climate, rugosas, polyanthas, some wichurianas,
sweet briars, pimpinellifolias, and anything with a R. multiflora, R.
setigera or R. arkansana ancestry, as well as some others).  The rest
I visit in some nice botanical garden in some nice warm area, and
say, "gee, wish that one would make it up north...".


Subject: THORNLESS ROSE UPDATE
Date: 21 May 92 12:15:22 GMT

A few days ago I e-mailed a reply to someone who wanted to know about
hardy, thornless roses.  Then I thought perhaps I ought to share what
I have learned with the rest of this newsgroup.  I have about fifty
different varieties of roses planted around my house, mostly old garden
roses, i.e. varieties in cultivation before the emergence of the hybrid
tea roses in the last third of the 19th century.  Those varieties I have
that are both extremely hardy (they survived -5/-10F this winter and a
brutal mid-March frost that killed some hybrid teas) and thornless or nearly
so include REINE DES VIOLETTES, ROSA CENTIFOLIA PARVIFOLIA, ROSA GALLICA
OFFICINALIS, THERESE BUGNET(thorns appear on the lower 12 inches of
the 4-5 foot canes),NASTARANA, ICEBERG(a floribunda) and TOUR DE MALAKOFF.

Of these, the ones with the least thorns are REINE DES VIOLETTES and
CENTIFOLIA PARVIFOLIA.

From: Kay Klier
Subject: Re: The Rundown on Roses (long)
Date: 5 Feb 92 04:27:39 GMT

> First of all, what distinguishes various kinds of roses?  I can't
> reliably tell the difference between a Floribunda, a Bourbon, or
> a Damask.  I'm pretty good on hybrid teas...  But all the various
> forms of old-fashioned roses confuse me completely -- they all look
> overpetaled and kind  of cabbagey.
> I've figured out that moss roses have fuzzy branches and foliage,
> but what are hybrid perpetuals and Gallicas?  What is a Portland
> rose (the only comment in one catalog was, "Akin to the Damask."
> Thanks a lot)?  I used to live in Portland, and I'd go visit the
> rose test gardens and admire the plants, but I couldn't ever figure
> out the distinguishing characteristics.
> Is a hedge rose the same as a shrub rose?  What about a bedding rose?
> An English rose?  Hybrid Musk?  Landscape rose?  And, yes, cabbage rose?

Well, I'm NOT a rosarian, but I can tell you that most of us have similar
problems in classifying cultivated roses.  Including (especially?)
the plant taxonomists.  Modern roses are a giant amalgam of all sorts
of species, and some of the more important characteristics of a parental
species might not show up in outward appearance, but might instead
influence a character like winter hardiness.

Me, I'm a utilitarian when it comes to rose classifications.  I divide
the groups into old-fashioned or garden roses (which usually smell
pretty good, & bloom once or a few times a year) and modern roses, which
are bred to be in bloom nearly all season, and often look a lot like
florist's roses.  Generally not much scent, either.  (These are, of
course, generalizations, and there are some nicely scented modern roses,
and some old-fashioned types that don't smell much at all.)

Shrub roses are that get at least as big as a forsythia, IMHO, and if
you plant them in a row, they are then hedge roses.  If you've got
a single big shrub rose, then I call that a landscape rose.  Might be
the same plant as the one in the hedge...  I like to grow species
roses rather than recent cultivars, so most of mine are shrub roses.

Bedding roses are roses that are planted in beds like geraniums in a
park flower bed (not my favorite way to use roses, but that's my
problem...).  These are generally hybrid tea type roses.

English roses are a fairly new development; they are supposed to combine
the form and odors of old fashioned roses with the blooming habits of
a hybrid tea.   Then there are climbing roses and ground-cover roses
(in both the old and modern groups)....

Now, if you're trying to guess whether a particular rose cultivar might
do well for you, you need to have some idea of the ancestry.  That's
where groups like "Bourbon", "China Tea", "hybrid tea", "rugosa", etc.
start getting useful.  These are rough indications of how likely the
plant is to survive your winters, what sort of abuse it can take,
what it will smell like, and the general form and odor of the flowers.

Roses with a China rose ancestry tend to bloom often (for old-fashioned
roses), but they don't stand much frost.  Most of the native

European roses (like Rosa gallica, apothecary's rose) bloom once a year.
Other European roses that have had a big role in modern rose ancestry are
Rosa x alba (which is itself a hybrid) and the damask roses, which are
also hybrids.   Cabbage roses (R. x centifolia, provence rose) are
hybrids of a damask and an alba rose.  Portland roses were named after
a duchess of Portland (England), right about 1800.  Moss roses are
mutants that have croped up several times in the cabbage roses and
the damasks.

The China roses that were selected in Europe, were, as I said earlier,
pretty frost-tender.  Tea roses are also tender Chinese roses, but
they were hybridized with the Bourbon roses and the Noisettes.  When
they crossed the bourbons, noisettes and hybrid perpetuals, the result
was the first hybrid tea roses.

OK, so where did the Bourbons, Noisettes, and Hybrid Perpetuals come
from?  The Bourbons are selections of Rosa chinensis hybridized with
an unknown rose growing in Egypt in the early 1800's.  Someone
sent some seeds on to France, where they became great favorites.  Redoute,
Marie Antoinette's painting teacher, did a lot of watercolors of
these.

Noisettes are hybrids between Rosa chinensis and Rosa moschata (musk
rose).  They were first grown in South Carolina.

Hybrid Perpetuals are from (Portland x China) x (Gallica x China).

Because of the large amounts of R. chinensis ancestry, most of these
are pretty frost-tender.

There are a lot of other groups of roses that represent selections
from certain hybrid ancestries, but I think you get the idea...

The Phillips and Rix book called Roses has a fairly good section on
history of modern cultivar groups.  Trouble is, it gets so complicated,
that you've almost got to draw out ancestry charts to figure out
what's going on.

Truthfully, I just sort of know the rose groups that I'm most likely
to be able to grow (for my climate, rugosas, polyanthas, some wichurianas,
sweet briars, pimpinellifolias, and anything with a R. multiflora, R.
setigera or R. arkansana ancestry, as well as some others).  The rest
I visit in some nice botanical garden in some nice warm area, and
say, "gee, wish that one would make it up north...".

Kay Klier   Biology Dept  UNI

Subject: Re: Pruning roses for repeat bloom...
Date: 22 Apr 92 21:33:32 GMT

> Since Mr. Lincoln has made these beautiful flowers and new shoots are on the
> way, I need to know a little about where, when, and if to cut the
> flowers off.
> As I understand it, it is good to prune the flowers to encourage more
> growth and blooming.

Yes, this is true.

> But when?
>     Should the flower be cut toward the beginning, middle, or end of the
>     bloom? Are any of these okay, so long as you don't leave it sit there
>     once the petals fall?

Any of the above times is fine.  If not cut back before, definintely cut
them back when the petals fall.

> And where?
>     Is there some particularly good spot to make the cut? My guess would be
>     to cut it just above (1/4 inch?) a leaf-joint on the stem, maybe 3 to 5
>     joints below the bloom. Is this right?

General pruning rules:

1)  The more plant that you leave the quicker your rose will rebloom.
Nutrients are stored in the plant and the old leaves will be producing
the energy for the new leaves.

2)  Remove anything smaller in diameter than a pencil (This is for hybrid teas,
which your roses are).  Anything smaller will only provide weak growth that
can't support blooms.

3)  Cut just above an out-facing leaf node.  This is to keep the center of
the plant open and allow for good air circulation and hence limit
susceptibility to disease.  (The old rule was that this node had to have
at least 5 leaflets, but if the diameter is enough, 3 will work fine.)

4)  Fertilize after each bloom/cut-back cycle.

My hints/rules:

1) I ignore the out-facing leaf node advice after the first couple of
bloom cycles.  The growing season is too long here and you can end up
with eight foot roses on long canes that may even need staking.  I'll
often cut to an in-facing node to get some growth into the interior of
the plant.  (I believe this is called bird caging.  Does anyone know
the term?)

2)  If it is hot in the late summer, the rebloom will take longer.
Sometimes (especially in drought years when I haven't been watering or
fertilizing to conserve water), I'll do a mini-rose prune and
reshaping to get a more vigorous fall bloom.

My neighbors roses are near mine.  Some are even the same
varieties.  Their gardener usually cuts the roses back later after
bloom than mine and then too heavily.  Usually by the end of the
summer I'll have had a couple more blooming cycles with more roses
than they get.

> And how?
> I imagine you are supposed to cut the stem on a slant. But should
> the longer side of the stem wind up on the joint side or the opposite
> side?

The main thing with the cut is that it is not parallel to the ground.
This is so that water will run off and prevents diseases from entering
the plant.  I find this doesn't make much of a difference since it
rarely rains here in the summer and I have my roses on drip
irrigation.

> Rose people, shower me with your knowledge, please!

Hope this helped.

Jim


Subject: Re: Rose update...
Summary: Growing Roses organically and disease-resistant varieties
Date: 25 Apr 92 17:26:41 GMT

>  Recent hybrids: I am disappointed to see several new David Austins
>in my yard getting mildew. They are supposed to combine the virtues
>of old and new, but I am getting skeptical.

The recent (May/June) anniversary issue of Organic Gardening has a great
article on growing roses organically, including some suggestions for more/less
resistant plants. Clair Martin, curator of Huntington Gardens in San Marino,
CA suggests the following after 5 years of trials:

Healthier plants:
Graham Thomas, Pretty Jessica, Belle Story, Othello, Claire Rose

More susceptible to mildew:
Gertrude jekyll, Bredon, Proud Titania, Prospero (also to rust), The Miller,
Lordly Oberon and the author adds Fisherman's Friend.

Other varieties are also discussed as well as explainations and descriptions
of various common diseases, and how to possibly treat.


From: klier
[2] Rose conditioning (was Rose update)
Date: Fri May  1 20:56:38 1992

> In Australia, Western Australia to be precise, one of the best varieties
> to grow is Maria Callas.  Gorgeous colour, size and scent!!
> Mr Lincoln is also very popular and I am trying to get a bush for my new
> garden at the moment to see for myself.  By far my favourite variety on
> the bush is Fresia, though it doesn't last very long in water.  Does
> anyone have any ideas on how to increase the life in water?

Well, I won't ask why, with all the weird & wonderful Australian flora,
someone would grow roses...;-)

Do you condition your roses when you cut them?  Makes a world of difference!

Cut flowers in the early morning or after a rain, or any time that they
are NOT under water stress.  Cut the stem at least an inch or so longer
(2-4cm, in rational terms) than you need, and immediately place the stem
in water.

Back in the house, recut the stem on a slant UNDER WATER with a very sharp
knife or (my choice) a single-edged razor blade.  Keep the cut end under water
at all times.   Now remove all foliage that will be under water when you
display the bloom. (If the leaves will be above water in the final vase,
it's OK to keep them on.)  Now find a clean container that is at least as
deep as the rose is tall, and fill it with warmish water -- about 100oF
or 38oC.  Immerse the rose stem and foliage in the container to the base
of the rose flower, and place the container in a cool place for 8-12
hours (hint, not the refrigerator if you keep fruit in it-- ethylene
from ripening fruit will cause premature petal drop.)

After 8-12 hours, you can remove the rose and put it in the decorative
vase.  Be sure vases are scrupulously clean, since bacterial and fungal
growth kill cut flowers quite rapidly.  Change the water in the vase
every day.  Recut the stem underwater every day if you can (kinda hard
in a major arrangement!)


Other treatments that I find too much to bother with:
commercial cut flower foods, usually with a base of sucrose and silver
nitrate or sucrtse and hydroxyquinones.
home-made formulas, the best of which is probably 50% 7-up or other
fizzy lemon soda + 1 1/2 tsp (30 ml) household chlorine bleach.
Date: Fri, 2 Oct 1992 14:37 CDT
From: KLIER@iscsvax.uni.edu

                   GENERAL SEED CATALOGS: NORTH AMERICAN
       (and a few plant catalogs, and a few British and Swedish firms)

revision of 2 October, 1992

Bob Batson provided the list that was the basis of this FAQ. Comments are
mainly his.  Jim Bishop, Steve Holder, Mike Huben, Risto Paasivirta,
Beverly Erlebacher, Ceci Henningsson added others.  Another good place to
hunt seed catalog addresses is the list published annually in a winter
issue of _Flower and Garden_ Magazine.  Most spring seed catalogs are
issued in late December/early January.  Some additions and comments by Kay
Klier; typos are probably hers!

    Unless otherwise indicated, assume the catalog covers a general range
of seeds, including flowers, vegetables and herbs.

   Beginning gardeners are advised to obtain and study the catalogs that
are marked as especially useful for novices; you'll get good basic
gardening information (mostly for free!).  The White Flower Farm catalogs
are also well-written information on growing perennials, shrubs and trees.
You may find yourself saving these as reference materials.

   Native North American species, specialist lists, catalogs of plants,
bulb catalogs, and herb catalogs are covered in their respective FAQL's.


      Cat - Catalog
      CC - Credit Cards
      cv - cultivar(s) (=variety)
      heirloom -- old cultivars (varieties)
      Min. - Minimum Order
      OVER - Overseas
      PC - Personal Checks
      OC - Other Currencies
      op - open-pollinated (non-hybrid)
      orn - ornamentals
      R&W - retail and wholesale
      SASE - Self-Addressed Stamped Envelope
      SP: - Specialises In
      veg. - vegetable(s)
      * - good for beginning gardeners
      + - highly recommended for beginning gardeners, IMHO

ABUNDANT LIFE SEED FOUNDATION             BANANA TREE (THE)
  P.O. Box 772                              715 Northampton St.
  Townsend, WA 98368                        Easton, PA 18042
    Cat $1, R&W, Min. $10; op &               Cat $2, R&W, PC/CC, OVER, Min.
heirloom veg, herbs, green                $6.50, SP: rare & uncommon tropical
  manures, natives, books; organic        seeds & bulbs, banana corms, palms,
emphasis.                                 oriental veg., ornamentals.
                                          
AGWAY, INC.                               BAXTER (WALTER) SEED CO.
  1225 Zeager Road                          P.O. Box 8175
  Elisabethtown, PA 17022                   Weslaco, TX 78596-3175
    Cat $0, PC/CC; A full-line                Cat $0, R&W, PC, OVER, Min. $1
farmer's co-op for seeds                  
                                          BEA'S SERVICE
ALBERTA NURSERIES & SEEDS, LTD.             P.O. Box 8422
  Box 20                                    Calabasas, CA 91302
  Bowden, Alta.                               Cat $0, PC, OVER, SP: chili
  Canada T0M 0K0                          pepper seeds from Mexico
    Cat $0 in Canada, $2 US; orn &        
veg for short seasons; northern           BELCHE HERB CO.
wildflowers                                 P.O. Box 1305
                                            Schenectedy, NY 12301
ALFREY SEEDS                              
  P.O. Box 415                            BOJO'S GARDEN SEED
  Knoxville, TN 37901                       P.O. Box 1408
    Cat SASE, PC, OVER, SP: Rare            Caldwell, ID 83606
and hard to find peppers, tomatoes,           Cat $0, RW, PC, OVER, SP:
& okra                                    traditional op veg. seeds for the
                                          home gardener. Emphasis is on
ALLEN, STERLING & LOTHROP                 flavor.
  191 US Rt 1                             
  Falmouth, ME 04105                      BOUNTIFUL GARDENS/ECOLOGY ACTION
    Usual run of veg, ann.                  5798 Ridgewood Road
ornamentals, list of cover crops,           Wilits, CA 95490
fertilizers for organic gardeners,            Cat $0, RW, PC/CC, OVER, SP: op
lawn grass.                               seeds; books
                                          
ALTA SEEDS                                BOUNTIFUL HARVEST
  P.O. Box 253                              P.O. Box 11295
  Potrero, CA 92063                         Des Moines, IA 50340-1295
    Cat $2 refundable, PC/OC, OVER,           Cat $1, PC/CC
SP: vegetables for home gardeners         
                                          BRICKER'S ORGANIC FARMS, INC.
APOTHECARY SEED COMPANY                     824-K Sandbar Ferry Road
  P.O. Box 1324                             Augusta, GA 30901
  Battle Ground, WA 98604                     Cat $0, R&W PC
    Cat $0, PC, SP: rare & unusual        
op veg., culinary & medicinal             BRODERNA
herbs, scented plants & natural           Broederna Nelsons Froe AB**
pest control.                               S-362 00 TINGSRYD
                                            SWEDEN
ARCHIAS' SEED STORE.                          Cat $0. Allround.
  106 East Main Street                    **oe=o with two dots above it)
  Sedalia, MO 65301                       
    Cat $0, R&W, PC/CC, OVER; U of
Missouri vegetable cvs, including 5
cv popcorn, op corn, tomatoes.


BRUDY (JOHN) EXOTICS                      
  3411 Westfield Drive                    COMPANION PLANTS
  Brandon, FL 33511                         7247 N Coolville Ridge
    Cat $2 refundable, PC, OVER,            Athens, OH 45701
SP: seeds of exotic tropical                  Cat $2; herbs (plants & seeds);
  trees & shrubs, both ornamental &       Eastern US natives.
edible.                                   
                                          COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO
BURGESS SEED AND PLANT CO.                  P.O. Box 125
  905 Four Seasons Road                     Wethersfield, CT 06109-0125
  Bloomington, IL 61701                       Cat $0, RW, PC/CC, OVER, Min.
    Cat $1, CC                            $15, old-fashioned flowers, veg.
                                          (established in 1820)
BURPEE (W. ATLEE) & CO. * +               
  300 Park Avenue                         COOK'S GARDEN (THE)
  Warminster, PA 18974                      P.O. Box 65
    Cat $0, RW, PC/CC                       Londonderry, VT 05148
  One of the oldest & best known              Cat $1, RW, PC/CC, OVER, SP:
seed comp. in the US; good general        seeds of lettuce, salad greens &
range of plants; good info.               mesclun; also has some gourmet veg.
                                          seed
BURRELL (D.V.) SEED GROWERS CO.           
  P.O. Box 150                            CORNS
  Rocky Ford, CO 81067-0150                 Rt 1, Box 32
    Cat $0, RW, PC, OVER                    Turpin, OK 73950
  Veg and flower seed; small                  Cat $1, deductible; op and
inexpensive packets; some vars esp.       heirloom cvs of corn (maize)
for Intermountain West; melon list        
esp. strong.                              COTTAGE GARDEN (THE)
                                            PO Box 106
BUTCHART GARDENS SEED STORE                 Woodstock, IL 60098
  Box 4010, Station A                     
  Victoria, BC V8X 3X4                    COUNTRY GARDEN (THE)
  Canada                                    PO Box 3539
    Catalog $1, deductible; orn.            Oakland, CA 94609
                                              Cat $2; flowers for cutting
BUTTERBROOKE FARM                         
  78 Barry Road                           CRICKET HILL HERB FARM
  Oxford, CT 06483                          Glen Street
    Cat $0.50, RW, PC, OVER, SP:            Rowley, MA 01969
traditional & op veg. seeds for               Cat $1; herbs, scented
short growing seasons                     geraniums, orn.
                                          
CAPRILANDS HERB FARM                      CROSMAN SEED CORPORATION
  534 Silver Street                         P.O. Box 110
  Coventry, CT 06238                        East Rochester, NY 14445
                                              Cat $0, RW, PC, Min. $3,
CARROLL GARDENS                           (established in 1838); general
  PO Box 310                              range of seeds, most packets $0.59
  Westminster, MD 21157                   
                                          CROSS SEED CO, INC
CHILTERN SEEDS                              HC69, Box 2
  Bortree Stile                             Bunker Hill, KS 67626
  Ulverston                                   Cat $1, deductible; organically
  Cumbria, LA2 7PB                        grown seeds & grains
  England                                 
    Cat $?; about *5000* species,
esp. European, South African,
  Australian wildfls.  Utterly
amazing!

CURRAN (JOHN) SPECIALTY SEED CO.          ECHO
  14 Cedar Ave.                             17430 Durrance Road
  Manahawkin, NY 08050                      North Fort Meyers, FL 33917
    Cat $1, PC/OC, OVER, SP: seed             Cat $1, PC, OVER, SP: seeds &
of open-pollinated traditional &          plants of underexploited but
heirloom veg. & culinary herbs,           important tropical foods
selected for fine flavor &                
resistance to drought & heat.             ED HUME SEEDS
                                            PO Box 2450
D.V. Burrell Seed Growers                   Kent, WA 98032
  See: BURRELL                                Cat $0; veg. and orn. for cool-
                                          season growing in Pacific NW.
DABNEY HERBS                              
  Box 22061                               EVERGREEN Y.H. ENTERPRISES
  Louisville, Kentucky 40222                P.O. Box 17538
                                            Anaheim, CA 92817
DAM (William) SEEDS                           Cat $1, deductible; oriental
  P.O. Box 8400                           vegetable seeds
  Dundas, Ontario                         
  Canada  L9H 6M1                         FARMER SEED & NURSEY CO. *
    Cat $2 (ref); SP: Veg, orn,             P.O. Box 129
herbs.  Many Dutch and other                Faribault, MN 55021
European cvs.  Untreated seeds.               Cat $0, PC/CC/OC, OVER
Ships to U.S. and other foreign           
countries.                                FEDCO SEEDS
                                            52 Mayflower Hill Dr.
De GIORGI CO. INC.                          Waterville, ME 04901
  6011 N St                                   Cat $1, veg, herb, orn seeds.
  Omaha, NE 68117                         
    Cat $2, PC, OVER                      FIELD'S (HENRY) SEED & NURSERY    *
  commercial and home grower              +
quantities, emphasis esp. on cvs            407 Sycamore Street
for prairie states. Strong lists            Shenandoah, IA 51602
for perennials, rock-garden,                  Cat $0, PC/CC; everything
cabbage.                                  basic; folksy flavor.
                                          
DILL (Howard) ENTERPRISES                 FISCHER GREENHOUSES
  RR1                                       609-927-3399
  Windsor, Nova Scotia B0N 2T0              Linwood, NJ 08221
  Canada                                    specializing in African Violets
    Cat $1; pumpkin seedss,               
including 'Atlantic Giant'                FLOATING MOUNTAIN SEEDS
                                            P.O. Box 1275
DOMINION SEED HOUSE                         Port Angeles, WA 98362
  115 Guelph St.                              Cat $1.50, PC/CC, OVER.
  Georgetown, Ontario                     
  CANADA L7G 4A2                          FLOWER AND HERB EXCHANGE
    Cat $0, *Canadian Orders ONLY*;         Rt. 3, Box 239
good veg and flower list, many              Decorah, Iowa 52101
especially selected for earliness         
and cold-tolerance; good upply and        FOX HILL FARM
tool list.                                  PO Box 7
                                            Parma, MI 49269
Dr. Yoo Farm                              
  See: YOO                                FOX HOLLOW HERBS
                                            P.O. Box 148
Earl May Seed and Nursery Company           McGrann, PA 16236
  SEE: MAY                                


FRAGRANT PATH                             GLECKLER'S SEEDSMEN
  PO Box 328                                Metamora, OH 43540
  Fort Calhoun, NE 68023                      Cat $0, PC, OVER, Min. $2;
    Cat $1; Fragrant and old              heirloom veg.
fashioned flowers.                        
                                          GOODWIN CREEK GARDEN
FRIENDS OF THE TREES                        PO Box 83
  P.O. Box 1064                             Williams, OR 97544
  Tonasket, WA 98855                      
                                          GRINAN GARDENS
G. SEED CO.                                 PO Box 14492
  PO Box 72                                 San Fransisco, CA 94114
  Tonasket, WA 98855                          Cat $1, deductible;
    Cat $1; op veg, herb, orn; many       ornamentals, many from abroad
heirlooms.                                
                                          GURNEY SEED & NURSEY CO. *+
GARDEN CITY SEEDS   *                       1224 Page Street
  1324 Red Crow Road                        605-665-1930
  Victor, MT 59875-9713                     Yankton, SD 57079
    Cat $2, PC, OVER; seeds for               Cat $0, PC/CC/OC
northern climates                           subzero roses; large stock of
                                          orn. & veg. cvs.  (established in
GARDENIMPORT INC.   *                     1866)
  P.O. Box 760                            
  Thornhill, ON  L3T 4A5                  HALINAR (Dr. JOSEPH C.)
  CANADA                                    2333 Crooked Finger Rd
    Cat $4, PC/CC, OVER (N.A.               Scotts Mills, OR 97375
agents for Sutton Seeds of GB);               Cat for 1 1st class stamp;
good bulb list as well as veg,            seeds of daylilies, lilies, allium
flower; some British & European           
cvs.                                      HARRIS MORAN SEED COMPANY
                                            3670 Buffalo Road
GARDENS ALIVE!                              Moreton Farm
  P.O. Box 149                              Rochester, NY 14624
  Sunman, IN 47041                        
                                          HARRIS SEEDS   *
GAZE SEED CO.                               60 Saginaw Drive
  PO Box 640                                Rochester, NY 14623
  St. John's, Newfoundland A1C 5K8            Cat $0, PC/CC
  CANADA                                    general; also lawn seeds
    Cat $0; orn, veg, lawn grasses,       
trees, shrubs, good                       HASTINGS - THE SOUTHERN GARDENER'S
  selection of tools & supplies,          CATALOG
incl. forks and hand plows.                 800-334-1771 (IN GA 404-755-6580)
                                            1036 White Street, SW
Geo. W. Park Seed Co., Inc.                 PO Box 115535
  SEE PARK'S                                Atlanta, GA 30310-8535
                                            seeds, plants, water gardening,
GH ALTITUDE GARDENS                       organics, gardening aids
  P.O. Box  4619                          
  Ketchum, ID 83340                       HASTINGS AND COMPANY (H.G.)
  1-800-874-7333 (telephone)                Box 4274
    Cat $3, PC/CC, OVER.                    Atlanta, GA 30302
  Regional seed company dedicated         
to making available seeds of veg.,        HEIRLOOM GARDENS
herbs, wild flowers & native                Box 138
grasses adapted to short season,            Guerneville, CA 95446
high altitude climates around the             Cat $2.50; orn. & herbs
world.                                    


HEIRLOOM SEEDS                            
  P.O. Box 245                            J.W. Jung Seed Company
  Finleyville, PA 15088-0245                See Jung's
    Cat $1, deductible; veg & orn.        
                                          JACKSON AND PERKINS
Henry Fields and Company                    Box 1028
  SEE FIELD'S                               Medford, OR 97501
                                            1-800-292-grow
HIGH ALTITUDE GARDENS                         Cat $0, hybrid roses and other
  PO Box 4238                             perennials
  Ketchum, ID 83340                       
  Cat $3; op veg, wildflowers,            JOHN SCHEEPERS, INC
native grasses, organic                     P.O. Box 700
fertiilizers and pest controls;             Bantam, CT 06750
wildflower seed locally collected.          203-567-0838
Strong list for Intermountain West.           nice range of bulbs
                                          
HOLLAND WILDFLOWER FARM HS                JOHNNY'S SELECTED SEEDS  *
  Elkins, AR 72727                          310 Foss Hill Road
                                            Albion, ME 04910
HORTICULTURAL ENTERPRISES (AU)                Cat $0, PC/CC, OVER, SP: seeds
  P.O. Box 810082                         for cool, short-season areas, esp.
  Dallas, TX 75381-0082                   veg.
    Cat $0, PC. Large selection of        
chile & sweet pepper seed                 JOHNSON SEED CO.
                                            227 Ludwig Ave.
HUDSON (J.L), SEEDSMAN                      Dousman, WI 53118
  P.O. Box 1058                               Cat. $0; heirloom and modern
  Redwood City, CA 94064                  veg. seed.
    Cat $1, PC, OVER                      
  rarities, incl. veg from Zapotec        JORDAN SEEDS INC
Indians of Mexico; mostly for               6400 Upper Afton Road
serious, experienced gardeners              Woodbury, MN 55125
                                              Cat $0
IMPECTA HANDELS                           
  S-640 25 JULITA                         JUDE HERBS
  SWEDEN                                    Box 563-CJ
    Cat $0. PC. house plants,               Huntington Station,  NY 11746
trees, flowers, herbs, vegetables.        
Some black/white photos. SP: Rare         JUNG QUALITY SEEDS
seeds.                                      414-326-4100 - orders only
                                            335 S. High St.
INTERMOUNTAIN SEEDS                         Randolph, WI 53957-0001
  P.O. Box                                    Cat $0, PC/CC
  Rexburg, ID 83440                       
    Cat $0, PC. Veg., herb & flower       KELLY NURSERIES
seeds adapted to the cool night             Dansville, NY 12237
temperatures & short growing season       
of the Intermountain region               KESTER WILD GAME FOOD NURSERIES
                                            PO Box V
ISLAND SEED MAIL ORDER                      Omro, WI 54963
  PO Box 4278, Station A                      Cat $2; Seeds, bulbs for
  Victoria, BC V8X 3X8                    species favored as food and cover
  CANADA                                  by game species.
    Cat $2; good basic list for           
Pacific NW                                KITAZAWA SEED CO.
                                            1748 Lane Avenue
J.L.HUDSON, SEEDSMAN                        Santa Clara, CA 95051
  PO Box 1058-HW                              Cat $0; oriental veg and herb
  Redwood City, CA 94064                  seeds.

                                          LONG ISLAND SEED COMPANY
KRIDER NURSERIES                            1368 Flanders Road
  PO Box 29                                 Flanders NY 11901
  Middlebury, IN 46540                    
                                          LOUISIANA NURSERY
KSA JOJOBA                                  Rt 7, Box 43
  19025 Parthenia St                        Opelousas, LA 70570
  Northridge, CA 91324                        3 catalogs:  $3 daylilies &
    Cat SASE + 2 $0.29 stamps;            Louisiana irises; $5 magnolias,
jojoba                                    trees, shrubs, vines; $3 crinums
                                          and other bulbs
LAKELAND NURSERY SALES                    
  Unique Merchandise Mart                 MAY (EARL) SEED & NURSERY   *+
  Building 1                                208 North Elm Street
  Hanover, PA                               Shenandoah, IA 51603
    Cat $0;  An amazing exercise in         1-800-831-4193 (telephone)
off-the-wall "common names" and               Cat $0, PC/CC; old, established
hype.  Caution (and a large grain         seed and nursery with usual range
of salt) advised.                         of veg, orn, trees and shrubs.
                                          
LANDRETH SEED CO.   *                     Mc CRORY'S SUNNY HILL HERB FARM
  P.O. Box 6426                             Star Route 3 Box 844
  Baltimore, MD 21230                       Eustis, FL 32726
    Cat $2, OVER. (established in         
1784); veg.                               McCLURE & ZIMMERMAN
                                            108 W. Winnebago
LAVAL SEEDS [=SEMENANCES LAVAL]             P.O. Box 368
  3505 Saint Martin West                    Friesland, WI 53935
  [=3505 Boulevard St-Martin Ouest]         414-326-5769
  Ville de Laval, Que.                      bulbs, esp. species and uncommon.
  Canada H7T 1A2                          
    Cat. $0, good list of veg, orn,       McFAYDEN SEEDS
houseplant seeds.                           PO Box 1800
                                            Brandon, Manitoba R7A 6N4
LE JARDIN DU GOURMET                        Canada
  West Danville, VT 05873                     Cat $0; good selection of cvs
    Gourmet veg. seeds.                   for colder climates; also wine and
                                          beer-making supplies.
LE MARCHE SEEDS INTERNATIONAL             
  Box 566                                 MELLINGER'S INC.    *+
  Dixon, CA 95620                           2310 West South Range Rd.
    Gourrmet veg. seeds.                    North Lima, OH 44452-9731
                                            1-800-321-7444 (telephone)
LEDDEN (OROL) & SONS                        216-549-9861
  P.O. Box 7                                Fax: 216-549-3716
  Sewell, NJ 08080-0007                       Cat $0, PC/CC, OVER
  609 468-1000                              nursery stock, house plants,
    Cat $0, PC/CC:  cvs adapted for       tools, pots, soil mixes, etc.;
NE US; pasture, lawn, some                offers small quantities of
heirlooms; seeds, bulbs, plants,          commercial growers supplies that
cover crops, supplies.                    can be otherwise difficult to find.
                                          
LIBERTY SEED COMPANY    *                 MEYER SEED CO.  *
  P.O. Box 806                              600 S. Caroline St.
  New Philadelphia, OH 44663                Baltimore, MD 21231
  216-364-1611                                Cat $0, PC/CC; specializes in
  fax: 216-364-6415                       seed for MD, northern VA.
    interesting mix of veg and farm       
seeds, some flowers


MICHIGAN BULB COMPANY                     OF THE JUNGLE
  1950 Waldorf, N.W.                        PO box 1801
  Grand Rapids, MI 49550                    sebastopol, ca 95473
    cheap prices, complaints on             Catalog $2, SP: ethnobotany ;
quality; caveat emptor                    Very exotic selection of seeds and
                                          plants, mostly of ethno-
MIDWEST SEED GROWERS, INC.                pharmacological or ethnic food
  505 Walnut St.                          type. Also (strange) botanical
  Kansas City, MO 64106                   products.
                                          
MILEAGER'S GARDENS                        OLDS SEED CO.   *
  4838 Douglas Avenue                       P.O. Box 7790
  Racine, WI 53402-2498                     Madison, WI 53707
  1-800-669-9956                              Cat $2.50 refundable, PC, OVER
  bulbs                                   
                                          ONTARIO SEED CO, LTD
MOON MOUNTAIN WILDFLOWERS                   Box 144
  P.O. Box 34                               Waterloo, Ont.
  Morro Bay, CA 93442                       Canada N2J 3Z9
                                          
MOUNTAIN SEED & NURSERY                   ORIENTAL SEED CO
  P.O. Box 9107                             PO Box 330058
  Moscow, ID                                Hartford, CT  06133
    Cat $1 refundable, PC/CC, OVER,           Cat $2 deductible, oriental
SP: seeds for cold short season           veg, herbs, orn.
areas                                     
                                          Orol Ledden & Sons, Inc.
MUSSER FORESTS, INC.                        See: Ledden
  PO Box S-91 M                           
  Indiana, PA 15701                       Otis S. Twilley Seed Company, Inc.
  412-465-5685                              See: TWILLEY
  fax: 412-465-9893                       
    trees, esp. seedlings for             Otto Richter & Sons
reforestation                               See: RICHTER
                                          
NATIVE SEEDS/SEARCH                       PAGE SEED CO.
  3950 W. New York Drive                    P.O. Box 158
  Tucson, AZ 85745                          Greene, NY 13778
    Cat $1; 200+ cvs of vegetable             Cat $0, PC
seed adapted to desert SW;                
organized by an ethnobotanist, so         PARK (GEORGE W.) SEED CO.   *+
strong representation of seeds from         Cokesbury Road
native peoples (landraces).  Strong         Greenwood, SC 29647-0001
book section.                                 Cat $0, PC/CC
                                          
NICHOLS GARDEN NURSERY INC.    *+         PEACE SEEDS
  1190 North Pacific Hwy.                   2385 S.E. Thompson St.
  Albany, OR 97321                          Corvallis, OR 97333
    Cat $0, PC/CC, OVER                       Cat $3.50, PC/OC, OVER
    (unconfirmed reports of poor          
germination)                              PEPPER GAL (THE)
                                            10536 119th Ave. North
NOEL'S GARDEN SEEDS                         Largo, FL 34643
  R.D. #2K                                    Cat $0, PC Mails to US & Canada
  Oxford, NY 13830                        only. Seeds of over 200
    Cat SASE, PC, SP: o.p. veg. for         cultivars of hot, sweet &
home gardeners in the Northeast.          ornamental peppers.
                                          

PIEDMONT PLANT COMPANY                    RICHTER AND SONS, LTD. (Otto)
  PO Box 424                                Box 26
  Albany, GA 31703                          Goodwood, Ontario L0C 1A0
                                            Canada
PINETREE GARDEN SEEDS   *+                    Cat $2.50 Can, $4 US; extensive
  Route 100                               herb list, but also some veg and
  New Gloucester, ME 04260                "useful plants"; organic pest
    Cat $0, PC/CC, OVER                   controls and beneficial insects for
  Good seeds (many op) in small           Canadian shipment only.
packets at very reasonable prices;        
small selection of bulbs; pretty          RONNINGER'S SEED POTATOES
good book and tool selection.               Star Route
                                            Moyie Springs, ID 83845
PORTER & SONS SEEDSMAN                    
  Box 104                                 SEED SAVERS EXCHANGE
  Stephenville, TX 76401-0104               Rt. 3, Box 239
    Cat $0, good veg. list adapted          Decorah, Iowa 52101
to TX, lesser flower list.                
                                          SEED SETS
PRAIRIE STATE COMMODITIES                   Dept. F
  PO Box 6                                  1130 Tetherow Rd
  Trilla, IL 62469                          Williams, OR 97544
    Cat $1; ag seeds, cover crops,        
op field corn                             SEED SHOP, THE
                                            Tongue River Stage
R.H. Shumway                                Miles City, MT  59301
  SEE SHUMWAY                                 Cat $2; cacti & succulent seed
                                          SEEDS BLUM
RIPLEY'S BELIEVE IT OR NOT WORLD'S          Idaho City Stage
MOST UNUSUAL GARDENING CATALOG              Boise, ID 83706
  10 Bay St                                   Cat $3, PC, OVER, SP: heirloom
  Westport, CT 06880                      veg & flowers, listing over 1,000
    Cat $1; giant veg & other             varieties.
oddities                                  
                                          SEEDWAY, INC
R.H. SHUMWAY'S                              Box 250
  PO Box 1                                  Hall, NY 14463
  Granitevillle, SC 29829                 
  412-465-5685                            SELECT SEEDS
  fax: 412-465-9893                         180 Stickney Hill
    Seeds, including wholesale and          Union, CT 06076
bulk                                          Cat $2; heirloom orn.
                                          
RAFAL SPICE CO                            Semenences Laval
  2521 Russell St. Dept FC                  See: Laval Seeds
  Detroit, MI 48207                       
                                          SHADY MUSH HERB NURSERY
RAINBOW GARDENS                             Rt. 2
1444 E. Taylor Street                       Surrett Cove Td.
Vista, CA 92084                             Leicester, NC 28748
  Cat $2; Epiphyllums and other           
succulents; good book list                SHEPHERDS GARDEN SEEDS
                                            30 Irene St
REDWOOD CITY SEED CO.                       Torrington, CT 06790
  PO Box 361                              
  Redwood City, CA 94064                  SHUMWAY, R.H.
    Cat. $1; op veg, herb, dye              P.O. Box 777
plants                                      Rockford, IL 61105
                                          

SILVER LAKE SEEDS                         
  PO Box 4118, Suite E                    TAYLORS HERB GARDENS INC
  Highland Park, NJ 08904,                  1535 Lone Oak Rd
                                            Vista, CA 92083
SMITH AND HAWKEN                          
  25 Corte Madera                         TERRITORIAL SEED CO
  Mill Valley, CA 94941                     PO Box 27
  415-383-2000                              Lorane, OR 97451
  no seeds, but bulbs, good tools,        
garden furbelows                          THOMPSON AND MORGAN
                                            Box 1308, Dept SP6
SOUTHERN EXPOSURE SEED EXCHANGE             Jackson, NJ 08527
  P.O. Box 158                              Cat $0; amazing (by US standards)
  North Garden, VA 22959                  selection of veg, orn., greenhouse
    Cat $3, deductible; heirloom          species; US arm of British firm.
veg and regionallyy adapted cvs.          Beginners may want this catalog
                                          just to ogle, but many of the
                                          species are not for novices.
SOUTHERN SEEDS                            
  P.O. Box 2091                           TINMOUTH CHANNEL FARM
  Melbourne, FL 32902                       PO Box 428B
  1-800-356-1631                            Tinmouth, VT 05773
    Cat $1, PC, OVER, SP: o.p. veg.           Cat $2 deductible; organically
for tropical & subtropical areas.         produced herb plants & seed
Also banana corms, papaya seed &          
chayote squash fruits for planting.       TOMATO SEED COMPANY (THE)
                                            PO Box 323
SPRING HILL                                 Metuchen, NJ 08840
  309-691-4616                            
  110 W. Elm St.                          TOMATO GROWERS SUPPLY CO
  Tipp City, OH 45371                       PO Box 2237
    mostly flowers                          Ft Myers, FL 33902
                                              Cat $0; tomato and pepper seed
STARK BROTHERS NURSERY                    
  Louisiana, MO 63353                     TRADGARDSSPECIALISTEN
                                          Traedgaardsspecialisten**
STOKES SEEDS INC.   *+                      c/o Svenskprodukter
  P.O. Box 548                              Box 476
  Buffalo, NY 14240                         S-351 06 VAEXJOE
    Cat $0, PC/CC, OVER                     SWEDEN
                                              Cat free. SP: Bulbs.
SUNRISE ENTERPRISES                       **(ae=a with two dots above it)
  P.O. Box 10058                            (aa=a with a ring above it  )
  Elmwood, CT 06110                       
                                          TREGUNNO SEEDS
SUTTON SEEDS                                126 Catherine St North
  Hele Road                                 Hamilton, Ontario L8R 1J4
  Torquay                                   CANADA
  Devon, TQ2 7QJ                              Cat $1 refundable
  ENGLAND                                 
  Cat $0; UK equivalent of Burpees;       TROPICAL SEEDS
good selection of "old fashioned            P.O. Box 11122
flowers" and rock garden species.           Honolulu, HI 96828
                                              Cat $1 refundable, PC, OVER.
T&T SEEDS                                 Seeds of exotic tropical flowering
  PO Box 1710                             trees, palms, papayas, Maui onions.
  Winnipeg, Manitoba R3C 3P6              Also veg. cultivars developed at
  Canada                                  Univ. of Hawaii.
    Cat $1; cvs adapted esp. for          
cold prairies and plains region.

TSANG AND MA                              
  PO Box 24                               WAUKESHA SEED CO
  Belmont, CA 94002                         PO Box 1820
  Cat $0; oriental herbs, veg,              Waukesha, WI 53187
cooking supplies.                             Cat $0; evergreen seeds
                                          
TWILLEY SEED CO.                          WHITE FLOWER FARM
  PO Box 65                                 Litchfield, CT 06759-0050
  Trevose, PA 19047                         1-800-888-7756
  Cat $0; strongest in hybrid veg.            Cat $0, CC, PC, SP: bulbs,
seeds for every region.                   perennials, shrubs, trees catalogs
                                          are excellent references, good
UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII SEED PROGRAM         reading!
  Department of Horticulture              
  3190 Maile Way, Room 112                WILD AND CRAZY SEED CO
  Honolulu, HI 96822                        PO Box 895
    Cat $0, PC, OVER. Veg. & fruit          Durango, CO 81302
cultivars developed at the Univ. of       
Hawaii for tropical areas.                WILDFLOWER PATCH
                                            442CJ Brookside
VERMONT BEAN SEED CO.                       Walnut Port, PA 18088
  Garden Lane                             
  Fair Haven, BT 05743                    William Dam Seeds:
  heirloom beans, and modern hybrid          See DAM
veg.                                      
                                          WYATT-QUARLES SEED CO.
VESEY'S SEEDS                               Box 739
  York P.E.I.                               Garner, NC 27529
  Canada COA 1PO                            SP: SE US regional cvs.
    Cat $0; veg & orn for short           
growing seasons.                          YOO FARM (Dr.)
                                            PO Box 290
W WEIBULL AB                                College Park, MD 20740
W Weibull AB                                  Cat $0; oriental veg. seeds and
  Box 520                                 Japanese mushroom spawn. Good
  S-261 24 LANDSKRONA                     cultural information.
  SWEDEN                                  
    Cat 25SEK. The main gardening
firm in Sweden. Allround. Colour
pictures and valuable tips.

W. Atlee Burpee Company
  SEE BURPEE'S

WAYSIDE GARDENS *+
  1 Garden Lane
  Hodges, SC 29695-0001
  1-800-845-1124
    Cat $0; pricey plants, but good
photos!; bulbs, perennials, shrubs,
trees, roses

WEEKS (CHRISTOPHER E.) PEPPERS
  P.O. Box 3207
  Kill Devil Hills, NC 27498
    Cat SASE, PC, SP: hot peppers

WELL-SWEEP HERB FARM
  317 Mr. Bethel Rd.
  Port Murray, NJ. 07865
Date: Thu, 1 Oct 92 10:53:09 PDT
From: Jim.Watts@EBay.Sun.COM (Jim Watts)

Here is the most up to date FAQ list of catalogs that I have.  
It is a compilation of many sources.  I have drawn from many 
postings and can't acknowledge all contributors.  However, 
for those of you that recognize your contributions ---
Thanks from all of us!

Happy Gardening,

Jim Watts

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------


Where Applicable:

        Cat - Catalog
        CC - Credit Cards
        cv - cultivar(s) (=variety)
        heirloom -- old cultivars (varieties)
        Min. - Minimum Order
        OVER - Overseas
        PC - Personal Checks
        OC - Other Currencies
        op - open-pollinated (non-hybrid)
        orn - ornamentals
        R&W - retail and wholesale
        SASE - Self-Addressed Stamped Envelope
        SP: - Specialises In
        veg. - vegetable(s)
        * - good for beginning gardeners
        + - highly recommended for beginning gardeners, IMHO

ABUNDANT LIFE SEED FOUNDATION
P.O. Box 772
Townsend, WA 98368
      Cat $1, R&W, Min. $10; op & heirloom veg, herbs, green
   manures, books; organic emphasis.

A&P Orchids
Peters Road
Swansee, MA 02777

AGWAY, INC.
1225 Zeager Road
Elisabethtown, PA 17022
      Cat $0, PC/CC; A full-line farmer's co-op for seeds

Ahrens Strawberry Nursery
RR 1
Huntingburg IN 47542

Alberta and Market Bros. Inc
2210 S. Federal Highway
Boynton Beach, FL 33435

ALBERTA NURSERIES & SEEDS, LTD.
Box 20
Bowden, Alta.
Canada T0M 0K0
      Cat $0 in Canada, $2 US

ALFREY SEEDS
P.O. Box 415
Knoxville, TN 37901
      Cat SASE, PC, OVER, SP: Rare and hard to find peppers,
   tomatoes, & okra

Allen Company
P.O. Box 1577
Salisbury MD 21801

ALLEN, STERLING & LOTHROP
191 US Rt 1
Falmouth, ME 04105
      Usual run of veg, ann. ornamentals, foog list of cover
   crops, fertilizers for organic gardeners, lawn grass.

Alpen Gardens
173 Lawrence Lane
Kalispell MT 59901

Alpine Valley Gardens    Good Recommendation for CA
2627 Calistoga Rd.
Santa Rosa, CA  95404
(707) 539-1749

ALTA SEEDS
P.O. Box 253
Potrero, CA 92063
      Cat $2 refundable, PC/OC, OVER, SP: vegetables for home
   gardeners

American Bamboo Co. 
345 W. Second St.
Dayton OH 45402

Anderson Iris Gardens
22179 Keather Ave. N
Forest Lake MN 55025

Angelwood Nursery
12839 McKee School Road
Woodburn OR 97071

The Angraecum House
P.O. Box 976
Grass Valley CA 95945

Antique Rose Emporium
Rt. 5 Box 143
Brenham, TX  77833
Phone: 409-836-9051

Anything Grows Greenhouse
1609 McKean Road
Ambler PA 19002

APOTHECARY SEED COMPANY
P.O. Box 1324
Battle Ground, WA 98604
      Cat $0, PC, SP: rare & unusual op veg., culinary & med.
   herbs, scented plants & natural pest control.

Appalachian Gardens
P.O. Box 82
Waynesboro PA 17268

Applesource
Rt. 1
Chapin IL 62628

Arbor & Espalier
201 Buena Vista Ave. E
San Francisco CA 94117

ARCHIAS' SEED CO.
106 East Main Street
Sedalia, MO 65301
      Cat $0, R&W, PC/CC, OVER; U of Missouri vegetable cvs,
   including 5 cv popcorn, op corn, tomatoes.

Armstrong Roses
P.O. Box 1020
Somis CA 93066

B & D LILIES
330 P Street
Port Townsend, WA 98368

BDK Nursery
P.O. Box 628 
Apopka FL 32712

Bailey's
P.O. Box 654
Edmonds WA 98020

Bakker of Holland
U.S. Reservation Center
Louisiana MO 63353-0050


The Banana Tree
715 Northampton Street
Easton, PA  18042
Telephone:  215-253-9589
      Catalog price:  0.75  [1988 edition, probably a buck by now]
      For those gardeners able to provide the requisite well-drained
      soil, abundant light, high humidity, and consistent heat in
      the 75 deg. range, this booklet is bulging with bananas and
      related tropical plants.  More than a score of banana trees
      (offered as corms) are listed.  In addition, hundreds of rare
      seeds spill across these 20 pages:  euphorbias, proteas, and
      yuccas, to name just a few.  Descriptions are thorough and
      precise.


Vernon Barnes and Son Nursery
P.O. Box 250
McMinnville TN 37110

BAXTER (WALTER) SEED CO.
P.O. Box 8175
Weslaco, TX 78596-3175
      Cat $0, R&W, PC, OVER, Min. $1

Bear Creek Nursery
Box 411
Northport, Wa    99157
CAT $.50

The Beall Orchid Co,
3400 Academy Dr. S.E.
Auburn WA 98002

BEA'S SERVICE
P.O. Box 8422
Calabasas, CA 91302
      Cat $0, PC, OVER, SP: chili pepper seeds from Mexico

Beersheeba Wildflower Garden
P.O. Box 551 
Beersheba Springs TN 37305

Belche Herb Co.
P.O. Box 1305
Schenectedy NY 12301

Blue Star Lab
P.O. Box 173 
Williamstown NY 13493

Bluestone Perrenials
7211 Middle Ridge Road
Madison OH 44057

BOJO'S GARDEN SEED
P.O. Box 1408
Caldwell, ID 83606
      Cat $0, RW, PC, OVER, SP: traditional op veg. seeds for the
   home gardener. Emphasis is on flavor.

Boordy Nursery
P.O. Box 38
Riderwood MD 21139

BOUNTIFUL GARDENS
5798 Ridgewood Road
Wilits, CA 95490
      Cat $0, RW, PC/CC, OVER, SP: op seeds.

BOUNTIFUL HARVEST
P.O. Box 11295
Des Moines, IA 50340-1295
      Cat $1, PC/CC


Breck's                 Good Reviews - 2    
P.O. Box 1757           Bad Reviews  -
Peoria IL 61656  
      or
6523 N. Galena Rd.
Peoria IL 61632
(309)691-4616

BRICKER'S ORGANIC FARMS, INC.
824-K Sandbar Ferry Road
Augusta, GA 30901
      Cat $0, R&W PC

Lee Bristol Nursery
P.O. Box 5 
Gaylordville CT 06755-0005

Brittingham Plant Farms
P.O. Box 2538
Salisbury MD 21801

Brookfield Nursery and Tree Plantation
P.O. Box 2490
Christiansburg VA 24073

Brown's Omaha Plant Farms Inc
P.O. Box 787
Omaha TX 75571

BRUDY (JOHN) EXOTICS
3411 Westfield Drive
Brandon, FL 33511
      Cat $2 refundable, PC, OVER, SP: seeds of exotic tropical
   trees & shrubs, both ornamental & edible.

BURGESS SEED AND PLANT CO.
905 Four Seasons Road
Bloomington, IL 61701
      Cat $1, CC

B & T ASSOCIATES
Whitnell House
Fiddington, Bridgwater
Somerset TA5 1JE
England, U.K.
(278) 733-209
Extremely large selection of common and exotic seeds, probably the
largest of its type in the world, covering well over 25,000 species.
Publishes a series of lists in various categories.
Catalog - 2 International Reply Coupons, will sell to overseas
customers.

Buckley Nursery
646 N. River Rd.
Buckley WA 98321

Burnt Ridge Nursery
432 Burnt Ridge
Onalaska WA 98570

W. Atlee Burpee Co.
300 Park Ave.
Warminister PA 18974
     One of the oldest & best known seed comp. in the US

BURRELL (D.V.) SEED GROWERS CO.
P.O. Box 150
Rocky Ford, CO 81067-0150
      Cat $0, RW, PC, OVER
   Veg and flower seed; small inexpensive packets; some vars esp.
   for Intermountain West; melon list esp. strong.

BUSSE GARDENS 
Rt. 2, Box 238
Cokato, MN 55321 
612-286-2654   
      $1.00

BUTTERBROOKE FARM
78 Barry Road
Oxford, CT 06483
      Cat SASE, RW, PC, OVER, SP: traditional & op veg. seeds.

C 'n C Protea
387 Carmen Plaza
Camarillo CA 93010-6041

Cactus by Dodie
934 E, Mettler Rd.
Lodi CA 95242

Cal Dixie Iris Gardens
14115 Pear St.
Riverside CA 92504

Caladium World
P.O. Drawer 629
Sebring FL 33871

California Nursery Co.
P.O. Box 2278
Fremont CA 94536

CAMELLIA FOREST
125 Carolina Forest Road
Chapel Hill, NC 27516
919-967-5529
$1 catalog price

CAPRILANDS HERB FARM
534 Silver Street
Coventry, CT 06238

Cardinal Nursery
Rt 1 Box 316
State Road NC 28676

Carino Nurseries
P.O. Box 538
Indiana PA 15701

CARROLL GARDENS
PO Box 310
Westminster, MD 21157

Carter Seeds
475 Mar Vista Drive
Vista CA 92083

Cascade Forestry Service
Rt. 1
Cascade IA 52033

Cedar Ridgge Nurseries
Cedar Ridge Rd.
Allison Park PA 15101

Chambers Nursery
26874 Ferguson Road
Junction City OR 97448

CHENHALEM GARDENS 
P.O.Box 693
Newberg, OR  97132-0693 
503-538-8920  
      free

Chestnut Hill Nursery Inc.
Route 1 Box 341
Alachua FL 32615

CHILTERN SEEDS
Bortree Stile
Ulverston
Cumbria, LA2 7PB
England
      Cat $?; about *5000* species, esp. European, South African,
   Australian wildfls.

Cold Stream Farm
2030 Free Soil Rd.
Free Soil MI 49411-9752

COMPANION PLANTS                        [CATALOG $2]
7247 North Coolville Ridge Road         [Minimum Order]
Athens, OH 45701                        [Plants $15]
(614) 592-4643                          [Seeds $5]

COMSTOCK, FERRE & CO
P.O. Box 125
Wethersfield, CT 06109-0125
      Cat $0, RW, PC/CC, OVER, Min. $15,
   old-fashioned flowers, veg. (established in 1820)

COOK'S GARDEN (THE)
P.O. Box 65
Londonderry, VT 05148
      Cat $1, RW, PC/CC, OVER, SP: seeds of lettuce, salad greens
   & mesclun; also has some gourmet veg. seed

Cordon Bleu
418 Buena Creek Rd.
San Marcos, CA 92069
619-744-2810

Costal Gardens and Nursery
Route 3 Box 40 
Myrtle Beach SC 29577

Comstock Ferre & Co.
P.O. Box 125 
Wethersfield CT 06109

COTTAGE GARDEN (THE)
 PO Box 106
 Woodstock, IL 60098

The Country Garden
Route 2 Box 455A
Crivitz WI 54114

Creole Orrchids
P.O. Box 24458
New Orleans LA 70184-4458

CROSMAN SEED CORPORATION
P.O. Box 110
East Rochester, NY 14445
      Cat $0, RW, PC, Min. $3, (established in 1838); general
   range of seeds, most packets $0.59

THE CROWNSVILLE NURSERY 
P.O.Box 797
Crownsville, MD 21032
301-923-2212   
        $2.00

CRUICKSHANK'S INC.
1015 Mt. Pleasant Road
Toronto, ONT
Canada M4P 2M1

Cumberland Valley Nurseries Inc
P.O. Box 471
McMinnville TN 37110-0471

CURRAN (JOHN) SPECIALTY SEED CO.
14 Cedar Ave.
Manahawkin, NY 08050
      Cat $1, PC/OC, OVER, SP: seed of open-pollinated
   traditional & heirloom veg. & culinary herbs, selected for
   fine flavor & resistance to drought & heat.

DABNEY HERBS
Box 22061
Louisville, Kentucky
   40222

Dahlias by Phil Traff
1316 132nd Ave. East
Sumner WA 98390

The Nursery at the Dallas Nature Center
7575 Wheatland Rd.
Dallas TX 75249

Dan's Garden Shop
5821 Woodwinds Circle
Frederick MD 21701

Davidson-Wilson Greenhouses
Ladoga Road Route 2
Crawfordsville IN 47933

Daylilies of Tomorrow  (Love that name)
1656 N 2d 
El Cajon, CA
619-447-4922

Daylilly World
P.O. Box 1612, 
Sanford FL 32771

Peter De Jager Bulb Co.
P.O. Box 2010 
South Hamilton MA 01982

Del's Japanese Maples
4691 River Road
Eugene OR 97404

De GIORGI CO. INC.
1529 North Saddle Creek Road
Omaha, NE 68104
      Cat $1.25, PC, OVER
   commercial and home grower quantities, emphasis esp. on cvs
   for prairie states. Strong lists for perennials, rock-garden,
   cabbage.

DOMINION SEED HOUSE
115 Guelph St.
Georgetown, Ontario
CANADA L7G 4A2
      Cat $0, *Canadian Orders ONLY*; good veg and flower list,
   many especially selected for earliness and cold-tolerance;
   good supply and tool list.

DUTCH GARDENS INC.         Good Reviews - 3
P.O. Box 200
Adelphia, NJ 07710
Phone: 908-780-2713
Fax: 908-780-7720

ECHO
17430 Durrance Road
North Fort Meyers, FL 33917
      Cat $1, PC, OVER, SP: seeds & plants of underexploited but
   important tropical foods

ED HUME SEEDS
   PO Box 2450
   Kent, WA 98032
      Cat $0; veg. and orn. for cool-season growing in Pacific NW.

Evergreen Y.H. Enterprises
P.O. Box 17538
Anaheim, California  92817
     catalog: $1
          A 21-page catalog offering 16 pages of oriental vegetable
       varieties, gardening books, cookbooks and sauces.  Each
       vegetable listed is accompanied by a description of its
       use and planting hints.  An especially useful feature inside
       the back cover is a cross reference of oriental vegetable
       names.  For example, the asparagus bean is also known as
       a yardlong bean, dow chai, dow gauk, chiang tou, kong tou,
       jurkusasgemae, chinese long bean, goa bean, and winged bean.
       Most seed packets are 0.95 with larger quantities available.


FARMER SEED & NURSEY CO. *
P.O. Box 129
Faribault, MN 55021
      Cat $0, PC/CC/OC, OVER

FIELD'S (HENRY) SEED & NURSERY     *+  Good Reviews -2  Bad Reviews - 0
407 Sycamore Street
Shenandoah, IA 51602
      Cat $0, PC/CC; everything basic; folksy flavor.

FISCHER GREENHOUSES
609-927-3399
Linwood, NJ 08221
   specializing in African Violets

FLOATING MOUNTAIN SEEDS  
P.O. Box 1275
Port Angeles, WA 98362
      Cat $1.50, PC/CC, OVER.

FLOWER AND HERB EXCHANGE
Rt. 3, Box 239
Decorah, Iowa 52101

FOX HILL FARM
PO Box 7
Parma, MI 49269

FOX HOLLOW HERBS
P.O. Box 148
McGrann, PA 16236

FRIENDS OF THE TREES
P.O. Box 1064
Tonasket, WA 98855

G. SEED CO.
PO Box 72
Tonasket, WA 98855
      Cat $1; op veg, herb, orn; many heirlooms.

Gardens Alive
Natural Gardening Research Center
Highway 48, P.O.Box 149
Sunman, Indiana 47041

GARDEN CITY SEEDS   *
1324 Red Crow Road
Victor, MT 59875-9713
      Cat $2, PC, OVER

GARDEN IMPORT INC.
P.O. Box 760
Thornhill, ONT   L3T 4A5
Canada
      Cat $3, PC/CC, OVER (N.A. agents for Sutton Seeds of GB);
   good bulb list as well as veg, flower; some British & European
   cvs.

GARDENS ALIVE!
Natural Gardening Research Center
Hwy 48, P.O. Box 149
Sunman, IN 47041
     Gardens Alive! has the best selection of integrated pest management
     tools and organic lawn care items of any catalogue I receive. They have
     excellent color pictures of pests and plant diseases and how to prevent
     them.

Gardener's Supply
128 Intervale Road
Burlington, VT  05401
(802) 863-1700

GAZE SEED CO.
PO Box 640
St. John's, Newfoundland A1C 5K8
   CANADA
      Cat $0; orn, veg, lawn grasses, trees, shrubs, good
   selection of tools & supplies, incl. forks and hand plows.

GH ALTITUDE GARDENS
P.O. Box  4619
Ketchum, ID 83340
1-800-874-7333 (telephone)
      Cat $3, PC/CC, OVER.
   Regional seed company dedicated to making available seeds of
   veg., herbs, wild flowers & native grasses adapted to short
   season, high altitude climates around the world.

Gilbert H. Wild and Son, Inc.
692 Joplin Street
Sarcoxie, MO 64862-0338
(daylily specialists)

GLECKER'S SEEDSMEN
Metamora, OH 43540
      Cat $0, PC, OVER, Min. $2

GOSSLER FARMS NURSERY 
1200 Weaver Rd.
Springfield, OR 97478-9663
503-746-3922   
      $1.00

GURNEY SEED & NURSEY CO. *+
1224 Page Street
Yankton, SD 57079
      Cat $0, PC/CC/OC
   subzero roses; large stock of orn. & veg. cvs.  (established
   in 1866)

Harmony Farm Supply 
3244 Gravenstein Hwy. North
Sebastopol, CA 95472
or:
P.O.Box 460
Graton, CA 95444

HARRIS MORAN SEED COMPANY
3670 Buffalo Road
Moreton Farm
Rochester, NY 14624

HARRIS SEEDS   *
60 Saginaw Drive
Rochester, NY 14623
      Cat $0, PC/CC also lawn seeds

HASTINGS - THE SOUTHERN GARDENER'S CATALOG
1036 White Street, SW
PO Box 115535
Atlanta, GA 30310-8535
1-800-334-1771 (IN GA 404-755-6580)
   seeds, plants, water gardening, organics, gardening aids

(H.G.) HASTINGS AND COMPANY
Box 4274
Atlanta, GA 30302

Heirloom Gardens
P.O. Box 138
Guerneville, CA  95446
They carry a "collection of old time flowers; rare, culinary and 
ornamental."
          The 27-page catalog offers a wide selection of heirloom,
       open pollinated vegetables.  Two pages are given to flowers.
       Any order over $10 gets you a free packet of Jefferson Giant
       tomato seeds.  The seed packets are all in the 0.79 - 1.09
       price range.  All vegetable varieties are said to be chosen
       for flavor.

HEIRLOOM SEEDS
P.O. Box 245
West Elizabeth, Pennsylvania 15088-0245

HIGH ALTITUDE GARDENS
PO Box 4238
Ketchum, ID 83340
   Cat $3; op veg, wildflowers, native grasses, organic
   fertiilizers and pest controls; wildflower seed locally
   collected.  Strong list for Intermountain West.

Henry Fields and Company
   SEE FIELD'S

HOLLAND WILDFLOWER FARM HS
   Elkins, AR 72727

HORTICULTURAL ENTERPRISES (AU)
P.O. Box 810082
Dallas, TX 75381-0082
      Cat $0, PC. Large selection of chile pepper seed

SPENCER M. HOWARD ORCHID IMPORTS        [CAT $.45+SASE]
11802 Huston St.                        [M.O. $25]
North Hollywood, CA 91607
(818) 762-8275

HUDSON (J.L), SEEDSMAN
P.O. Box 1058
Redwood City, CA 94064
      Cat $1, PC, OVER
   rarities, incl. veg from Zapotec Indians of Mexico; mostly for
   serious, experienced gardeners
   
ED HUME SEEDS
PO Box 2450
Kent, WA 98032
      Cat $0; veg. and orn. for cool-season growing in Pacific
   NW.

INTERMOUNTAIN SEEDS
P.O. Box
Rexburg, ID 83440
      Cat $0, PC. Veg., herb & flower seeds adapted to the cool
   night temperatures & short growing season of the Intermountain
   region

Inter-State Nurseries
P.O.Box 10
Louisiana, MO 63353-0010
1-800-325-4180 (central time)
FAX 1-314-754-5290

ISLAND SEED MAIL ORDER
PO Box 4278, Station A
Victoria, BC V8X 3X8
CANADA
      Cat $2; good basic list for Pacific NW

J.W. Jung Seed Company
   See Jung's

JACKSON AND PERKINS
Box 1028
Medford, OR 97501
      mostly modern roses, a few other perennials; no seeds

JOHN SCHEEPERS, INC
P.O. Box 700
Bantam, CT 06750
203-567-0838
   nice range of bulbs

JERRY HORNE RARE PLANTS                 [CAT SASE]
10195 S.W. 70th St.                     [M.O. $10]
Miami, FL 33173
(305) 270-1235  
NO TELEPHONE ORDERS

JOHNNY'S SELECTED SEEDS  *
Foss Hill Road
Albion, ME 04910
      Cat $0, PC/CC, OVER, SP: seeds for cool, short-season
   areas, esp. veg.

JOHNSON SEED CO.
227 Ludwig Ave.
Dousman, WI 53118
      Cat. $0; heirloom and modern veg. seeeed.

JUDE HERBS
Box 563-CJ
Huntington Station,  NY 11746

JUNG (J.W.) SEED CO.     *
335 South High Street
Randolph, WI 53957
      Cat $0, PC/CC

KELLY NURSERIES
Dansville, NY 12237

KESTER WILD GAME FOOD NURSERIES
PO Box V
Omro, WI 54963
      Cat $2; Seeds, bulbs for species favored as food and cover
   by game species.

KITAZAWA SEED CO.
1748 Lane Avenue
Santa Clara, CA 95051
      Cat $0; oriental veg and herb seeds.

KRIDER NURSERIES
PO Box 29
Middlebury, IN 46540

LAKELAND NURSERY SALES
Unique Merchandise Mart
Building 1
Hanover, PA
      Cat $0;  An amazing exercise in off-the-wall "common names"
   and hype.  Caution (and a large grain of salt) advised.

LANDRETH SEED CO.   *
P.O. Box 6426
Baltimore, MD 21230
      Cat $2, OVER. (established in 1784)

LAMB NURSERIES 
E. 101 Sharp Ave.
Spokane, WA 99202 
509-328-7956  
      free

LAURIE'S GARDEN 
41886 McKenzie Highway
Springfield, OR 97478
503-896-3756  
      1 stamp

LAVAL SEEDS [=SEMENANCES LAVAL]
3505 Saint Martin West
[=3505 Boulevard St-Martin Ouest]
Ville de Laval, Que.
Canada H7T 1A2
      Cat. $0, good list of veg, orn, houseplant seeds.
   
LE JARDIN DU GOURMET
West Danville, VT 05873
      Gourmet veg. seeds.

LE MARCHE SEEDS INTERNATIONAL
Box 566
Dixon, CA 95620
      Gourrmet veg. seeds.

LEDDEN (OROL) & SONS
P.O. Box 7
Sewell, NJ 08080-0007
      Cat $0, PC/CC
   cvs adapted for NE US; pasture, lawn, some heirlooms

A.M. Leonard, Inc.              
P.O. Box 816                    
Piqua, OH 45356-0816            
800-543-8955                    
     Leonard is a supply house for professional nurseries and landscapers, so
     they have a wide selection of tools, though some supplies are only 
     available in quantity.

Liberty Seed Company
PO Box 806
New Philadephia, OH  44663
216-364-1611
 fax: 216-364-6415
       interesting mix of veg and farm seeds, some flowers

LOGEE'S GREENHOUSES                     [CAT $3]
55 North St.                            [Refunable]
Danielson, CT 06269                     [M.O. $15]
(203) 774-8038

LONG ISLAND SEED COMPANY
1368 Flanders Road
Flanders NY 11901

LOUISIANA NURSERY 
Rt. 7, Box 43
Opelousas, LA 70570 
318-948-3696  
      $3.50

MAY (EARL) SEED & NURSERY   *+
208 North Elm Street
Shenandoah, IA 51603
1-800-831-4193 (telephone)
      Cat $0, PC/CC
   old, established seed and nursery with usual range of veg,
   orn, trees and shrubs.

McCLURE & ZIMMERMAN
108 W. Winnebago
P.O. Box 368
Friesland, WI 53935
   bulbs, esp. species and uncommon.

McFAYDEN SEEDS
PO Box 1800
Brandon, Manitoba R7A 6N4
Canada
      Cat $0; good selection of cvs for colder climates; also
   wine and beer-making supplies.

Mc CRORY'S SUNNY HILL HERB FARM
Star Route 3 Box 844
Eustis, FL 32726

Mellinger's, Inc.
2310 W. South Range Rd.
North Lima, OH 44452-9731
1-800-321-7444 (telephone)   
216-549-9861
Fax: 216-549-3716
      Cat $0, PC/CC, OVER
   nursery stock, house plants, tools, pots, soil mixes, etc.;
   offers small quantities of commercial growers supplies that
   can be otherwise difficult to find.

Messelaar Bulb Co.
P.O. Box 269 
Ipswich, MA 01938

Meyer Seed Co.
600 South Caroline St.
Baltimore, MD 21231
      Cat $0, PC/CC; specializes in seed for MD, northern VA.

Michigan Bulb Co.        10 Bad Reviews;  1 Good Reveiw
1950 Waldorf N.W.
Grand Rapids, MI 49550

Midwest Seed Growers, Inc.
505 Walnut St.
Kansas City, MO 64106

MILEAGER'S GARDENS
4838 Douglas Avenue
Racine, WI 53402-2498
1-800-669-9956
   bulbs

J.E. Miller Nurseries, Inc.
5060 West Lake Road
Canandaigua, NY 14424

Miller-Bowie County Farmers Assn.
P.O. Box 1110 
Texarkana, TX 75502

Mini-Roses
P.O. Box 4255, Sta. A
Dallas, TX 75208

Mission Bell Gardens
2778 West 5600 So.
Roy, UT 84067

MOHN'S INC 
P.O. Box 2301
Atascadero, CA 93423   
      2 stamps

MOON MOUNTAIN WILDFLOWERS
P.O. Box 34
Morro Bay, CA 93442

Moonshine Gardens
P.O. Box 1019
Clearlake Oaks, CA 95423

Moosebell Flower, Fruit & Tree Co.
Rt. 1, Box 240
St. Francis, ME 04774

Mt. Leo Nursery
P.O. Box 135 
McMinnville, TN 37110

Mountain Mist Nursery
23561 Vaughn Rd.
Veneta, OR 97487

MOUNTAIN SEED & NURSERY
P.O. Box 9107
Moscow, ID
      Cat $1 refundable, PC/CC, OVER, SP: seeds for cold short-
   season areas

Mountain Valley Seeds & Nursery
1798 N 1200 E.
Logan, UT 84321

Mowbray Gardens
3318 Mowbray Lane
Cincinnati, OH 45226

Mums by Paschke
11286 East Main Rd.
North East, PA 16428

Musser Forests, Inc.
P.O. Box 340 or S-91 M
Indiana, PA 15710-0340
412-465-5685
fax: 412-465-9893
       trees, esp. seedlings for reforestation

Nationwide Seed & Supply
4801 Fegenbush Lane
Louisville, KY 40228

Native Seed Foundation
Star Route
Moyie Springs, ID 83845

Native Seeds, Inc.
14590 Triadelphia Mill Rd.
Dayton, MD 21306

NATIVE SEEDS/SEARCH
3950 W. New York Drive
Tucson, AZ 85745
      Cat $1; 200+ cvs of vegetable seed adapted to desert SW;
   organized by an ethnobotanist, so strong representation of
   seeds from native peoples (landraces).  Strong book section.

E. B. Nauman, Nurseryman
688 St. Davids Ln
Schenectady NY 12309

New Mexico Desert Garden
10231 Belnap NW
Albuquerque NM 87114

The New Peony Farm
P.O. Box 18105
St. Paul MN 55118

New York State Fruit Testing Coop. Assn
P.O. Box 462
Geneva NY 14456

Nichols Garden Nursery Inc.
1190 No. Pacific Highway
Albany OR 97321
          The subtitle on the front of their 72 page catalog is "herbs
       and rare seeds".  Five pages of herb seeds and three pages of
       herb plants available certainly bear out the first half of this,
       and they do offer many rare and unusual seeds as well as
       hybrids, heirlooms and popular favorite open-pollinated
       varieties.  As befits their location, they indicate which
       varieties do well in short and variable season areas.
       Other features include an oriental vegetable section,
       recipes scattered throughout the catalog, a "new and
       unusual" vegetable section, six pages of flowers and
       wildflowers, gardening and cooking tools, spices and
       herbal teas, books, and homebrew and winemaking supplies.
       The seed prices are in the 0.85 - 1.50 range depending
       of course on rarity, supply, etc.  I enjoyed this catalog
       very much and, indeed, had an order from it ready about
       half an hour after I received it in the mail.

NOEL'S GARDEN SEEDS
R.D. #2K
Oxford, NY 13830
      Cat SASE, PC, SP: o.p. veg. for home gardeners in the Northeast.

Nolin River Nut Tree Nursery
797 Port Wooden Rd.
Upton KY 42784

Nor'East Miniature Roses
58 Hammond St.
Rowley, MA 01969

North American Wildflowers
38 Hillside Ave.
Atlantic Highlands NJ 07716

Northwoods Nursery
28696 S. Cramer Rd.
Molalla OR 97038
(503) 651-3737

Nourse Farms Inc.
RFD, Box 485
South Deerfield MA 01373

Nuccio's Nurseries
P.O. Box 6160 
Altadena CA 91001

Oak Hill Gardens         Good recomemdation for Orchids
P.O. Box 25
Dundee IL 60118-0025
(708) 428-8500 

Oakes Daylillies
Monday Road Rt. 4
Corryton TN 37721
615-689-3036
      free

Oakwood Daffodils
2330 W. Bertrand Rd.
Niles MI 49120

Oikos
721 N. Fletcher
Kalamazoo MI 49007-3077

OLDS SEED CO.   *
P.O. Box 7790
Madison, WI 53707
      Cat $2.50 refundable, PC, OVER

ONTARIO SEED CO, LTD
Box 144
Waterloo, Ont.
Canada N2J 3Z9

Orol Ledden & Sons, Inc.
   See: Ledden

Orchids Bountiful
828 W. 3800 South
Bountiful UT 84010

Orchids Royale
P.O. Box 1289
Carpenteria CA 93013

Oregon Exotics
1065 Messinger Rd
Grants Pass, OR    97527

Oregon Miniature Roses
8285 SW 185th Ave.
Beaverton OR 97007

Orgel's Orchids
18950 S.W. 136th St., RR 2
Miami FL 33187

Richard Owen Nursery
2209 E. Oakland St.
Bloomington IL 61701

Owens Orchids
P.O. Box 365
Pisgah Forest NC 28768-0365

Pacific Berry Works
P.O. Box 54
Bow WA 98232

PAGE SEED CO.
P.O. Box 158
Greene, NY 13778
      Cat $0, PC

Panda Products
P.O. Box 104
Fulton CA 95434

Park Seed Co. Inc.   *+
P.O. Box 46
Cokesbury Roa
Greenwood SC 29648-0046
      Cat $0, PC/CC

PEACE SEEDS
2385 S.E. Thompson St.
Corvallis, OR 97333
      Cat $3.50, PC/OC, OVER

Peaceful Valley Farm Supply
P.O.Box 2209
Grass Valley, CA 95945

Peekskill Nurseries
Shrub Oak NY 10588

The Pepper Gal
10536 119th Ave. N.
Largo FL 33543
      Cat $0, PC Mails to US & Canada only. Seeds of over 200
   cultivars of hot, sweet & ornamental peppers.

Peter Pauls Nurseries
RD #2
Canandaigua NY 14424

Piedmont Plant Co.
P.O. Box 424
Albany GA 31703

Pinetree Garden Seeds
R.R. 1, Box 397
New Gloucester ME 04260
      Cat $0, PC/CC, OVER
   Good seeds (many op) in small packets at very reasonable
   prices; small selection of bulbs; pretty good book and tool
   selection.

The Plant Shop's Botanical Gardens
18007 Topham St.
Reseda CA 91335

Pony Creek Nursery
Tilleda WI 54978

Porter & Son
P.O. Box 104
Stephensville TX 76401-0104
      Cat $0, good veg. list adapted to TX, lesser flower list.

POWELL'S GARDENS 
Rt. 3,Box 21
Princeton, NC 27569 
919-936-4421   
      $1.50

Protea Gardens of Maui
R.R. 2 Box 389
Kula, Maui, HI 96790

Quailtree Nursery
11110 Harlan Rd.
Eddyville OR 97343

Quality Dutch Bulbs
P.O. Box 225
Hillsdale NJ 07642

RAFAL SPICE CO
2521 Russell St. Dept FC
Detroit, MI 48207

RAINBOW GARDENS
1444 E. Taylor Street
Vista, CA 92084
   Cat $2; Epiphyllums and other succulents; good book list

Raintree Nursery
391 Butts Road
Morton WA 98356

Rayner Bros.
P.O. Box 1617
Salisbury MD 21801

Reasoner's
P.O. Box 1881
Oneco FL 33558

REATH'S NURSERY 
P.O.Box 512
100 Central Boulevard
Vulcan, MI 49892  
        $1.00

REDWOOD CITY SEED CO.
PO Box 361
Redwood City, CA 94064
      Cat. $1; op veg, herb, dye plants

Richters
Canada's Herb Specialists
Box 26
Goldwood, Ontario
Canada  L0C 1A0
Phone: (416) 640-6677
FAX: (416) 640-6641
      Cat $2.50 Can, $4 US; extensive herb list, but also some
   veg and "useful plants"; organic pest controls and beneficial
   insects for Canadian shipment only.

Rider Nurseries
Rt. 2 Box 90A
Farmington IA 52626

Riverbend Orchids
14220 Lorraine Rd.
Biloxie, MS 39532

RONNINGER'S SEED POTATOES
Star Route
Moyie Springs, ID 83845

The Rose Garden & Mini Rose Nursery
P.O. Box 560
Cross Hill SC 29332-0560

Rosehill Farm
Gregg Neck Road
Dalena MD 21635

Roses By Fred Edmonds
6235 S. W. Kahle Rd.
Wilsonville OR 97070

Roses of Yesterday and Today
802 Brown's Valley Road
Watsonville, CA  95076
(408) 724-3537

Roswell Seed Co.
P.O. Box 725
Roswell NM 88201

Rupp Seeds, Inc.
5-17919 County Road 13
Wauseon OH 45367

S&H Organic Acres
P.O. Box 757, 12125 Red Hills Rd.
Newburg, OR 97132

St. Lawrence Nurseries
R.D. 2, Route 345, Potsdam-Madrid Rd.
Potsdam NY 13676

Santa Barbara Orchid Estate
1250 Orchid Drive
Santa Barbara CA 93111

Savage Farms Nursery
P.O. Box 125
McMinnville TN 37110

John Scheepers Inc.
63 Wall Street
New York NY 10005

S. Scherer & Sons
104 Waterside Road
Northport NY 11768

Schulz Cactus Gardens
1095 Easy St.
Morgan Hill CA 95037

F. W. Schumacher Co.
36 Spring Hill Road
Sandwich MA 02563-1023

Sea Breeze Orchids
P.O. Box 1416
Bayville NY 11709

Seagulls Landing Orchids
P.O. Box 388
Glen Head NY 11545

Seedway, Inc.
P.O. Box 250
Hall NY 14463-0250

SEED SAVERS EXCHANGE
Rt. 3, Box 239
Decorah, Iowa 52101

SEED SETS
Dept. F
1130 Tetherow Rd
Williams, OR 97544

SEEDS BLUM
Idaho City Stage
Boise, ID 83706
      Cat $3, PC, OVER, SP: heirloom veg & flowers, listing over
   1,000 varieties.

SEEDWAY, INC
Box 250
Hall, NY 14463

Sequoia Nursery-Moore Miniature Nurseries
2519 East Nobel Ave.
Visalia CA 93277

SHADY MUSH HERB NURSERY
Rt. 2
Surrett Cove Td.
Leicester, NC 28748

Shanti Bithi Nursery
3047 High Ridge Road
Stamford CT 06903

SHEPHERDS GARDEN SEEDS
7389 West Zayante Rd.
Felton, CA 95018

SHUMWAY, R.H.
P.O. Box 777
Rockford, IL 61105

R.H. SHUMWAY'S
PO Box 1
Granitevillle, SC 29829
412-465-5685
fax: 412-465-9893
      Seeds, including wholesale and bulk

Siegers Seed Co.
245 Imlay City Rd.
Imlay City MI 48444

SILVER LAKE SEEDS
PO Box 4118, Suite E
Highland Park, NJ 08904,

Skyblue Nurseries
P.O. Box 18061
St. Paul MN 55118-0061

Smith Nursery Co.
P.O. Box 515
Charles City IA 50616

Smith and Hawken Bulb Book
25 Corte Madera
Mill Valley, CA 94941
415-383-2000
     Ask for 'Wilma Kay'for advice.  No seeds, but bulbs, good tools, 
     garden furbelows.  Mostly expensive stuff for trendy gardeners, but they 
     do have English tools.

Soergel Greenhouses
2573 Brandt School Rd.
Wexford PA 15090

Solomon Daylillies
105 County Club Rd.
Newport News VA 23606

Sonoma Antique Apple Nursery
4395 Westside Road
Healdsburg CA 95448
707-433-6420

South Florida Seed Supply
16361 Norris Road
Loxahatchee FL 33470

SOUTHERN EXPOSURE SEED EXCHANGE
P.O. Box 158
North Garden, VA 22959

SOUTHERN SEEDS
P.O. Box 2091
Melbourne, FL 32902
1-800-356-1631
      Cat $1, PC, OVER, SP: o.p. veg. for tropical & subtropical
   areas.  Also banana corms, papaya seed & chayote squash fruits
   for planting.

Southmeadow Fruit Gardens
15310 Red Arrow Highway
Lakeside MI 49116

Specialty Seeds
P.O. Box 842
Lompoc CA 93436

SPRING HILL
110 W. Elm St.
Tipp City, OH 45371
309-691-4616
      mostly flowers

Spring Hill Nurseries Co.
P.O. Box 1758
Peoria IL 61656

Square Root Nursery
4764 Deuel Rd.
Canandaigua NY 14424

Squaw Mountain Gardens
36212 S.E. Squaw Mtn. Road
Estacada OR 97023

Stanley & Sons Nursery, Inc.
11740 S.E. Orient Dr.
Boring OR 97009

Stark Bro's Nurseries & Orchards Co.
Highway 54 West
Louisiana MO 63353-0010

Stocking Rose Nursery
785 N. Capitol Ave.
San Jose CA 95133

Stokes Seed Co.
P.O. Box 548
Buffalo NY 14240
      Cat $0, PC/CC, OVER

Sunnyslope Gardens
8638 Huntington Dr.
San Gabriel CA 91775

SUNRISE ENTERPRISES
P.O. Box 10058
Elmwood, CT 06110

Sunshine Caladium Farms
P.O. Box 905
Sebring FL 33870

Sunswept Laboratories
P.O. Box 1913
Studio City CA 91604

SUTTON SEEDS
Hele Road
Torquay
Devon, TQ2 7QJ
ENGLAND
   Cat $0; UK equivalent of Burpees; good selection of "old
   fashioned flowers" and rock garden species.

T&T SEEDS
PO Box 1710
Winnipeg, Manitoba R3C 3P6
Canada
      Cat $1; cvs adapted esp. for cold prairies and plains region.

TAYLORS HERB GARDENS INC
1535 Lone Oak Rd
Vista, CA 92083

Territorial Seed Co.
P.O. Box 27
Lorane OR 97451

Thomasville Nurseries
P.O. Box 7
Thomasville GA 31799-0007

Thompson & Morgan
P.O. Box 1308 
Jackson, NJ 08527  or
   Box 1308, Dept SP6
   Jackson, NJ 08527
   Cat $0; amazing (by US standards) selection of veg, orn.,
   greenhouse species; US arm of British firm.  Beginners may
   want the catalog just to ogle, but many of the species are not
   for novices.


Tillinghast Seed Co.
P.O. Box 738 
La Conner WA 98257

TINMOUTH CHANNEL FARM
PO Box 428B
Tinmouth, VT 05773

Tiny Petals Nursery
489 Minot Ave
Chula Vista CA 92010

Tomato Growers Supply Co.
P.O. Box 2237
Fort Myers FL 33902
Remarkable variety of tomato and pepper seeds, incl. both hybrids and
heirloom varieties. (185 tomato cultivars)

The Tomato Seed Company, Inc.
P.O. Box 323
Metuchen NJ 08840

Tradewinds Nursery
P.O. Box 70
Calpella CA 95418

Trans Pacific Nursery
29870 Mill Creek Rd.
Sheridan OR 97378

Transplant Nursery
Parketown Road
Lavonia GA 30553

Tripple Brook Farm
37 Middle Road
Southampton MA 01073

Tropical Imports
43714 Road 415
Coarsegold CA 93614

TROPICAL SEEDS
P.O. Box 11122
Honolulu, HI 96828
      Cat $1 refundable, PC, OVER. Seeds of exotic tropical
   flowering trees, palms, papayas, Maui onions. Also veg.
   cultivars developed at Univ. of Hawaii.

Tsang & Ma
P.O. Box 294
Belmont CA 94002
   Cat $0; oriental herbs, veg, cooking supplies.

TWILLEY SEED CO.
PO Box 65
Trevose, PA 19047
   Cat $0; strongest in hybrid veg. seeds for every region.

TyTy Plantation
P.O. Box 159
TyTy, GA 31795

UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII SEED PROGRAM
Department of Horticulture
3190 Maile Way, Room 112
Honolulu, HI 96822
      Cat $0, PC, OVER. Veg. & fruit cultivars developed at the
   Univ. of Hawaii for tropical areas.

Valley Creek Nursery
P.O. Box 364
Three Oaks MI 49128

K. Van Bourgondien & Sons, Inc.     Wholesale Qtys Good Review - 1
245 Farmingdale Rd.                                Bad         - 2
P.O. Box A 
Babylon NY 11702
The phone number is 800-873-9444.

Van Engelen Inc.
307 Maple St.
Litchfield CT 06759

VanWell Nursery Inc.
P.O. Box 1339
Wenatchee WA 98801

Veldheer Tulip Gardens
12755 Quincy St.
Holland MI 49424

Vermont Bean Seed Co.
Garden Lane
Fair Haven VT 05743
   heirloom beans, and modern hybrid veg.

Vermont Wildflower Farm
Route 7
Charlotte VT 05445

VESEY'S SEEDS
York P.E.I.
Canada COA 1PO

MARY WALKER BULB CO.
Box 256
Omega, GA 31775

Wavecrest Nursery & Landscaping Co.
2509 Lakeshore Dr.
Fennville MI 49408  

Waynesboro Nurseries
P.O. Box 987, Route 664
Waynesboro VA 22980

WAYSIDE GARDENS
1 Garden Lane
Hodges, SC 29695-0001
1-800-845-1124
   bulbs, perennials, shrubs, trees, roses

WEEKS (CHRISTOPHER E.) PEPPERS
P.O. Box 3207
Kill Devil Hills, NC 27498
      Cat $0, PC, SP: hot peppers

WELL-SWEEP HERB FARM
317 Mr. Bethel Rd.
Port Murray, NJ. 07865

Ken West Orchids
P.O. Box 1332
Pahoa HI 96778  

Whistling Wings Farms Inc.
427 West Street
Biddeford ME 04005

WHITE FLOWER FARM
Litchfield, CT 06759-0050
1-800-888-7756
   Cat $5, CC, PC, SP: bulbs, perennials, shrubs, trees
   catalogs are excellent references, good reading!

WILD AND CRAZY SEED CO
PO Box 895
Durango, CO 81302

WILDFLOWER PATCH
442CJ Brookside
Walnut Port, PA 18088

Gildbert H. Wild & Son Inc.   
P.O. Box 338
1112 Joplin St.
Sarcoxie, MO 64862-0338A
417-548-3514 or 351

Wilk Orchid Specialists
P.O. Box 1177 45-212 Nohonani Pl.
Kaneohe HI 96744  

Willhite Seed Co.
P.O. Box 23
Poolville TX 76076  

Nancy Wilson Species & Miniature Narcissus
571 Woodmont Ave.
Berkeley CA 94708

Wilton's Organic Seed Potatoes
P.O. Box 28 
Aspen CO 81612

Womack Nursery Co.
Rt. 1, Box 80
DeLeon TX 76444

Wright Iris Nursery
6583 Pacheco Pass Highway
Gilroy CA 95020

Wyatt-Quarles Seed Co.
P.O. Box 739
Garner, NC 27529
   SP: SE US regional cvs.

(Dr.) YOO FARM
PO Box 290
College Park, MD 20740
      Cat $0; oriental veg. seeds and Japanese mushroom spawn.
   Good cultural information.
Article 20227 of rec.gardens:
Path: samba.oit.unc.edu!concert!rutgers!uwm.edu!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!newsrelay.iastate.edu!iscsvax.uni.edu!klier
From: klier@iscsvax.uni.edu
Newsgroups: rec.gardens
Subject: Tomato problems FAQL
Message-ID: <1993Jul22.171936.15049@iscsvax.uni.edu>
Date: 22 Jul 93 23:19:36 GMT
Organization: University of Northern Iowa
Lines: 339


 Here's a first draft of a tomato disease FAQ, with "cures"
restricted to "organic" (sensu lato) means.  As always, questions,
comments, additions, brickbats, etc., should be sent to me.

Kay Klier      klier@iscsvax.uni.edu        
                     _________________

         Common tomato diseases and problems

General comments: there are many cultivars that are resistant to
common tomato problems:  often after a name you'll see a series
of letters like "VFFNT", which means this cultivar is resistant
to verticillium wilt, fusarium races 1 & 2, nematodes, and
tobacco mosaic virus.  These resistant cultivars are good choices
if you must grow tomatoes in the same area year after year.  If
you can, rotate growing areas every 3 years, and don't grow
related crops (eggplant, potato, pepper, in the same areas in
your rotation).

Practice good sanitation.  Keep the weeds out, the rotten
tomatoes and old plants picked up and composted, etc.  If you
smoke tobacco, both you and your tomatoes will be better off if
you quit (tobacco mosaic virus is a major problem for the
tomatoes), but if you must smoke or chew tobacco, wash your hands
thoroughly before handling tomato plants.

Finally, grow several cultivars of tomatoes.  When you don't put
all your eggs in one genetic basket, you stand a much better
chance of getting a good harvest.


                            Insects:
Colorado Potato Beetles:
Oval, hard-shelled adult beetle is about 1 cm (3/8") long, with
alternating black and yellow stripes on wing case.  Larvae are
sluggish, red, humpbacked grubs with two rows of black spots on
each side of the body.  Foliage feeders, may strip plants if
population is large.  Control by 1ft of loose mulch under plants,
interplanting with flax, marigolds, garlic, snap or bush beans.
Eggplant and black nightshade (Solanum ptycanthemum = S. nigrum
of American authors) are favored foods and can be used as trap or
lure crops.  Handpick adults and crush yellow eggs found on
underside of leaves of tomatoes.  Other controls: Bacillus
thuringensis var. San Diego, Thripobius semiluteus, pyrethrins,
or rotenone/pyrethrin mixtures.

Corn earworm (=Tomato fruitworm, bollworm):
More of a pest in the south... 3.5 cm (1.75 ") long green, brown
or pink moth caterpillar with light stripes along sides and back.
Eats holes in fruits and buds.  Handpicking or rotenone for
control, or pheromone traps, Bacillus thuringensis, ryania, or
insecticidal oils.

Cutworms:
Several species, usually gray or brownish grubs up to 3 cm (1.5")
long.  Mainly a spring problem.  Control: Clean cultivations,
collars of plastic, tin, juice cans, or paper wrapped around stem
at planting.  Bacillus thuringensis.

European Corn Borer:
Occasional pest.  Moves to tomatoes if nearby corn dies.

Flea beetles:
Many species, most notable for leaving small "pepper holes" in
leaves.  Garlic spray reputed to control the beetles.  I've never
had major damage from them.

Psyllid yellows:
A disease caused by feeding of tomato or potato psyllid nymphs,
due to a toxin released in feeding.  These look like fringed
scales that change from yellow to orange to green.  Older leaves
thicken and roll upward at the base; veins may turn purplish.
Younger leaves may curl.  Plants may be dwarfed, stems and
petioles may be skinny.  Control by removing ground cherry and
other solanaceous weeds.

Tobacco Hornworm:
Similar to tomato hornworm, but green and black horn.  Same
controls.

Tomato Hornworm:
Larvae of a species of Sphinx moth.  Green caterpillar, to 6 cm
(4") long, with white diagonal side stripes and a prominent red
horn on the head.  Handpick.  Bacillus thuringensis  will kill
hornworms, but I do not recommend this: several species of Sphinx
are pollinators of endangered native orchids, or are endangered
themselves  Braconid wasp parasites are becoming commercially
available, again, I feel these should not be used because they
are non-selective killers.  Handpicking is easy and effective, or
you can make exclosures of netting around plants.
Dill makes a good trap crop.  Rotenone and Trichograma wasps are
other controls.

Whitefly:
Tiny, white flying insects that fly up to make a cloud when an
infested plant is disturbed.  Control: Insecticidal soaps,
Encarsia formosa (a parasite), yellow sticky traps, row covers,
insecticidal oils, or rotenone/pyrethrin mixtures.  (You need at
least 300 sq inches of sticky trap per 8 tomato plants.)

                     Physiological Problems
         ("diseases" caused by culture and environment):

Blossom drop:
Usually caused by dry soils, and drying winds, but may be caused
by sudden cold spells, heavy rains, N overdose, or heavy
infections by bacteria or fungi.

Blossom end rot:
See Calcium deficiency below.  End of fruit away from stem gets
soft, mushy.  Generally caused by a combination of drought and
drown water availability, calcium mobilization problems.  Cure:
mulch to smooth out soil water availability; water in drought
periods.  See also Calcium deficiency below.

Fruit crack:
Surface cracks in fruits near stem end caused by rapid growth
during periods of good moisture and high temperatures.  Cracks
can radiate around stem or encircle "shoulders" of tomato.  May
vary in depth.  No cure, but even moisture (mulch!) will help
prevent periods of slow and rapid growth.  Pick fruits with
rapidly developing cracks early (not fully reddened) to prevent
Early Blight and other fruit rots.

Leaf roll:
Rolling begins on lower leaves and proceeds upwards until most
leaves are affected.  Plants may lose leaves, particularly on
staked plants.  Seems to be caused by heavy pruning or deep,
close cultivation.

Sunscald:
Occurs when green tomatoes are exposed to sun, most commonly in
hot, dry weather on plants with leaf spot diseases or other
defoliation.

Boron deficiency:
Blackened areas at tip of stem, which is stunted.  Abnormally
bushy looking plants.  Terminal shoots curl, yellow and die.
Fruit of severely affected plants may darken and die in patchy
patterns.  Cure: a handful of borax (not boraxo soap!) worked
into the soil around each plant.

Calcium deficiency:
Thick woody stems, slow growth, yellow upper leaves (not yellow
lower leaves seen in N, P or K deficiency), weak, flabby plants.
Blossom end rot of fruit.  Cure: Correct Ca/Mg balance,
(dolomitic
limestone and a little Epsom salts help), mulch to retard plant
water fluctuations that seem to bring on blossom end rot.

Copper deficiency:
Stunted root and shoot growth, blue-green curled, flabby leaves,
few or no flowers.  Manure is an easy cure; copper salts can be
used with great caution (in too high a quantity, they can kill
plants.)  Bordeaux mixture applied at fungicidal rates will work.

Iron deficiency:
Spotted white areas on new leaves and upper parts of stem.  New
shoots may die if severely deficient.  Apply chelated iron, dried
blood, manure, or sewage sludge.

Manganese deficiency:
Very slow growth; light green leaves with dead patches ringed in
yellow.  Few flowers or fruit.  Use manure.

Nitrogen deficiency:
Very slow growth of plants, followed by progressive pale green
color moving from tip and young leaves back to more mature
leaves.  Leaves are small, thin, perhaps with purple veins.
Stems eventually brown and dry off.  Flower buds yellow and drop.
Apply N immediately.

Too much nitrogen:
Rapid growth, with many bright, light green leaves; poor
flowering and fruiting.  Stop fertilizing immediately with N, add
P and K.

Phosphorus deficiency:
Slow growth, purple tinged small leaves that feel fibrous.  Fruit
set delayed.  Add P.

Zinc deficiency:
Very long, narrow, yellowed leaves mottled with dead spots.
Manure is simplest cure.

                         Fungus diseases
Most can be treated with Bordeaux Mixture, Kocide micronized
copper, copper dust, and sulfur sprays and dusts.

Anthracnose:
Primarily affects ripe fruit, causes a slight, sunken spot rot
(early symptoms are a round sunken spot on the fruit skin, about
2-4 mm diameter).  Most prominent in hot Augusts with high temps
and humidity or heavy dews.  Fungus can overwinter on vines, or
can be seedborne.  Rotations and treating seeds with 122oF water
for 15 minutes can help control.  Also Bordeaux mixture.

Botrytis fruit rot:
More of a problem with greenhouse tomatoes when grown cool in
humid conditions.  "Water soaked" spots in the fruit that enlarge
rapidly and become covered with powdery grey spores.  Raise heat,
reduce humidity.

Buckeye rot:
Large, dark brown soft spots on greenhouse fruits.  Mulch plants,
sterilize soils.

Damping off:
Seedlings suddenly "pinch in" at the soil line and keel over.
Well drained, sterile soil for sowing is the key to control.

Early blight:
Irregular brown spots with a "bullseye" pattern on lower leaves
of plants.  Spots enlarge to 4-9 mm (0.25 - 0.5"), then coalesce.
Affected leaves turn brown, drop.  Stem spotting and stem
girdling or fruit rot (near stem) may occur late in season.
Rotation and good sanitation practices (including removing
horsenettle, jimsonweed, groundcherry and nightshade) are
recommended controls.  Also Bordeaux mixture.

Fusarium wilt: ("yellows")
One of the most common and damaging diseases.  Generally not
damaging unless soil and air temperatures are high in much of the
season.  Slight yellowing of a single leaf, or slight wilting of
the lower leaves is followed by an overall yellowing.  Brown
discoloration of vascular tissues in stem or petioles of wilted
leaves is common.  Choose Fusarium resistant cultivars, grow in
clean soil, rotate crops, destroy vines at end of the summer.
Nematode infection increases risk of fusarium infection.

Ghost Spot:
Same fungus as Gray mold.  Small whitish rings, 1-3 mm diameter,
on green tomatoes.  Warmer, drier conditions control.

Gray Leaf Spot:
More common in SE states.  Also on peppers, eggplants, ground
cherries, etc.  Dark brown spots on underside of leaves in warm,
humid weather.  Affected leaves turn yellow, wither, drop.
Serious infections will keep plants from fruiting.  Bordeaux
mixture will treat.

Gray Mold:
Heavy gray growth on dead leaves or stems at the base of the
plants.  Tan markings appear on stems, gray spots on live leaves,
and gray or yellow soft spots on the fruits.  Usually a spring
disease that will let up in higher temperatures or lower
humidities.

Late Blight:
Severe defoliation following irregular greenish-black,
watersoaked spots on older leaves.  In humid weather, there may
be a white, downy growth on spots.  Plants may look "frosted".
Fruits can be affected at any stage; lesions are large, dark,
firm, rough patches.  Most common at night temperatures of 40-
60ooF, day temps of 70-80.  May spread from infected potato
plants.  Bordeaux mixture will treat.

Leaf Mold:
Usually greenhouse disease, but sometimes outdoors.  White spots
appear on surface of older leaves, enlarging and yellowing.  With
humidity, patches become velvety and olive-green.  Control with
good ventilation, temperatures > 60oF.

Septoria leaf spot (Septoria blight):
Common in Atlantic, Central states, and Southern Plains states.
Most severe in rainy seasons, crowded patches.  Usually not seen
before mid-July.  Older leaves have many, small, watersoaked
spots, usually 1-2mm diameter.  Leaves may drop, and progressive
defoliation may occur.  Clean cultivation, clean up at the end of
season, and staying out of wet tomato patches (you can spread the
spores) help.  Can be treated with Bordeaux mixture.

Soil rot fungus:
Also a Pythium rot, like damping off.  Slightly sunken brown
spots on fruit, outlined with concentric rings.  Spots enlarge,
and may break open.  Keep tomato vines and fruits off soil.

Spotted wilt:
Numerous small, dark, circular dead spots on younger leaves.
Stem tips may be dark streaked and die back.  May kill plants;
survivors will have yellowish leaves and fruits with concentric,
circular marks.  Disease can be shared with lettuce, tomato,
celery, spinach, peppers and potatoes.

                       Bacterial diseases

Bacterial canker:
Usually first symptoms are wilting of margins of lower leaves,
often on only one side of leaf; leaves curl upward, turn brown,
wither and die.  Petioles remain attached to stem, which helps
distinguish this from Fusarium and Verticillium wilts.  Plants
may have a single affected shoot, though dying will continence up
the stem, and pith becomes yellow and mealy.  Open stem cankers
develop.  Fruit may be affected with small raised, white dots 2-4
mm diameter, which later become white birdseyes with brown
centers.  Fruit may be stunted or deformed.  This is a seedborne
disease, commonest in home-saved or uninspected seed.  Can be
prevented by a 25 min seed soak in 122oF water, or fermenting the
seeds in crushed tomato pulp 96 hours, or soaking in 50-50
mixture of vinegar and water for 24 hours.

Bacterial spot:
Common in rainy seasons.  Small dark, greasy-looking leaf spots
may be followed by flower drop and/or water-soaked spots 2-4 mm
diameter on young green fruits.  Soil borne disease.

Bacterial wilt:
Commonest in southern states.  Rapid wilting and death of entire
plant without yellowing or spotting of leaves.  Stem cross-
sections of wilted plants will be dark, watersoaked and have a
grayish exudate when squeezed.  Institute 5 year rotations,
avoiding including pepper, tobacco, eggplant or potatoes in
rotation.  Remove affected plants as soon as problem is noticed.

                         Virus diseases:

Curly top: (western yellow blight)
Caused by the same virus as curly top of sugar beets.  Seems to
be carried by beet leafhopper.  Main symptoms are curling and
twisting of leaves of affected plants.  Prevention is planting at
times that may avoid high leafhopper populations, or excluding
insects with row covers.

Mosaics:
Common mosaic, tobacco mosaic, Aucuba mosaic and cucumber mosaic
can all infect tomatoes.  Mottles areas of light and dark green
on leaves, sometimes appearing puckered, or malformation of
leaflets, or yellow mottling of leaves, or stunted yellow, bushy
plants can be seen with these diseases.  Control by avoiding
handling plants (esp. by people who handle tobacco), removing
perennial weeds, esp. pokeweed, catnip and milkweeds.  Aphids can
transmit mosaic viruses.   Seedlings can be dipped or sprayed
with milk at least twice if they are suspected of being infected.

OK, folks, what have I forgotten?


Kay Klier  Biology Dept  UNI