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363-131 121-55A 14-.5
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Class Number: 123
Class Title: INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
Subclass Subclass
Number Title
1 R MISCELLANEOUS
1 A .Fuels, lubricants and additives
2 COMBINED DEVICES
3 .Generating plants
200 ROTARY
201 .Reversible
202 .With means to control degree of compression
203 .With combusted gas treatment or handling means
204 .With compression volume means in uninterrupted communication
with expansion volume means
205 .With fuel injection means
206 ..And pump or control means
207 ..Into intake port
208 ..Into intake chamber
209 ..Into prechamber
210 .With ignition means
211 ..Plural
212 .With plural compression volume means
213 ..In series
214 .With plural expansion volume means
215 ..In series
216 .With charge treatment means
217 ..Exhaust gas recirculation
218 ..Rotor shape
219 ..Stratification
220 ..Preheating
221 .With transfer means intermediate single compression volume
means and single expansion volume means
222 ..Isolated charge in movable transfer element
223 ..Reciprocating or oscillating compression volume means
224 ...Radially spaced from expansion volume means
225 ....Abutment acts as compression means
226 ....Compression means disposed in rotor
227 .....Vane acts as compression means
228 ..Compression volume means circumferentially disposed relative
to expansion volume means
229 ...Transfer means in rotor
230 ...Compression volume is also expansion volume
231 ...Vane
232 ...Interengaging rotors
233 ....Nonparallel axes
234 ..Compression volume means axially disposed relative to
expansion volume means
235 ...Transfer means in rotor
236 ...Vane
237 ...Abutment
238 ...Interengaging rotors
239 ..Compression volume means radially disposed relative to
expansion volume means
240 ...Concentric
241 .With compression, combustion, and expansion in a single
variable volumee
242 ..Planetating rotor
243 ..Vane
244 ..Abutment
245 ..Alternately approaching and receding elements
246 ...Eccentric interengaging rotors
247 .Only combustion and expansion of charge in engine
248 ..Abutment
249 ..Interengaging rotors
18 R OSCILLATING PISTON
18 A .Toroidal cylinder
19 LIQUID PISTON
21 CONVERTIBLE CYCLE
22 INTERNAL COMBUSTION AND AIR
23 SOLID FUEL
24 R GUNPOWDER
24 A .Single shot gun powder motors
25 R WATER AND HYDROCARBON
25 A .Water in charge
25 B .Water plus heat into charge
25 C .Water into cylinder
25 D .Water plus heat into charge
25 E .Water introduced by mixing with other materials
25 F .Water plus heat by mixing with other materials
25 G .Washers and cleaners
25 H .Washers and cleaners with heat
25 J .Automatic water control
25 K .Automatic water control; thermostatic
25 L .Automatic water control; suction
25 M .Automatic water control; speed
25 N .Automatic water control interconnected with throttle
25 P .Steam injection
25 Q .Cooling regulation
26 ADDITIONAL AIR SUPPLY
250 ENGINE MEANS HAVING INTERNAL VAPORIZING IN PRECHAMBER WITH ALL
COMBUSTION IN MAIN CHAMBER
251 .Whirling in prechamber
252 .Vaporizing by a hot surface of prechamber
253 PRE AND MAIN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS IN SERIES
254 .Chamber temperature control means
255 .Vaporizing in prechamber
256 .Plural prechambers
257 .Two-cycle
258 .Pre and main inlet valves timed relatively (e.g., one valve
opens or closes before the other)
259 .Having volumetric relation between pre and main combustion
chambers
260 .With ignition means particularly positioned relative to pre and
main combustion chambers
261 .With injection means particularly positioned relative to pre
and main combustion chambers
262 .Having fluid whirling means
263 ..Whirling in prechamber only
264 .Prechamber is carried by a valve
265 .Pre and main chambers form an "L" head
266 .Prechamber assembly inserted in spark plug hole
267 ..Separate fuel or combustible mixture added to prechamber
268 .Valveless prechamber
269 .Piston shape complements prechamber dischargee
270 .Prechamber liner or coating
271 ..With liner mounting means
272 ..Including combustion catalyst liner or coating means
273 .Prechamber mounting means
274 .Having combustible mixture forming means
275 ..By fuel injection into pre or main combustion chamber
276 ...Fuel injected into prechamber formed in piston
277 ...By fuel injection into prechamber with carbureted main
chamber
278 ...By fuel injection into main chamber with carbureted
prechamber
279 .Piston carried prechamber
280 .Atomizer, deflector, or shield in prechamber
281 .Prechamber shape is a figure of revolution
282 ..Figure of revolution is multishaped to form a prechamber
283 ..Cylindrical
284 ..Spherical
285 .Prechamber having a specific shape
286 .Having specific connecting passage means between pre and main
combustion chambers
287 ..With ignition means in connecting passage
288 ..Having fuel, a combustible mixture, or air added in the
connecting passage
289 ..Fluid flow through passage controlled by working piston
290 ...With whirling
291 ...Multiple connecting passages
292 ..With valve means or variable orifice means in the passage
293 ..Having multiple passages
294 COMBUSTION CHAMBER MEANS HAVING FUEL INJECTION ONLY
295 .Combustible mixture stratification means
296 .Injector is an integral part of engine valve
297 .Combination igniting means and injector
298 .Injection of fuel onto igniter, deflector, heater, or atomizer
299 .Using multiple injectors or injections
300 ..Alternating multiple injectors (e.g., series injection)
301 .Injected fuel spraying into whirling fluid
302 .Air entering combustion chamber through plural inlets
303 ..Having inlet uncovered by working piston
304 .Injecting diverse fuels or different states of same fuel
305 .Having a particular relationship between injection and ignition
characteristics (e.g., nozzle location, spray pattern, timing
relative to igniter location, timing)
27 R BURNING BY HIGHLY COMPRESSED AIR
27 GE .Gas engines (diesel type) convertible from liquid to gas
or operable with liquid and gas
27 A .Oil engine air preheated
* OIL ENGINES
.Pump supply to air inlet
37 MULTIPLE EXPLOSION
38 ATMOSPHERIC
39 NONCOMPRESSION
41 R REVERSIBLE
41 E .Electrical
41.01 COOLING
41.02 .Automatic coolant flow control
41.03 ..Float control
41.04 ..Shutters, air valves, dampers or adjustable cowls
41.05 ...Temperature and engine operation responsivee
41.06 ...Servomotor-operated type
41.07 ...Interrelated shutter and throttle control
41.08 ..Valves for fluid coolant
41.09 ...Coolant source bypass
41.1 ....Radiator or condenser source
41.11 ..Air impeller
41.12 ...Temperature-responsive
41.13 .Interrelated coolant flow and throttle control
41.14 .System drained and/or heat-storing
41.15 .Indicators and safety devices
41.16 .Coolant sealed in cylinder valve or piston
41.17 .Coolant released into cylinder or valve passages
41.18 .Convertible
41.19 .Refrigerating cycle
41.2 .With vapor generation and/or condensing
41.21 ..Coolant circulation with condensing
41.22 ...Intake or carburetor connection
41.23 ...Entrained in secondary circuit
41.24 ...From top of jacket to bottom of radiator
41.25 ...Water bypasses condenser
41.26 ...Vapor only circulated
41.27 ...Overflow vent to condenser
41.28 .Multiple cylinders with equalized cooling
41.29 .Parallel flow
41.3 .Mixed air and liquid
41.31 .With cooling of additional parts or materials
41.32 ..With spark plug heat exchange
41.33 ..With lubricant heat exchange
41.34 .Internal cooling of moving parts, e.g., hollow valves,
pistons and movable cylinder
41.35 ..Piston
41.36 ...Telescoping piston and stationary conduits
41.37 ...Hollow piston rod
41.38 ....Wrist pin type, e.g., nonrigidly connected
41.39 ...Side wall opening
41.4 ..Rotary valves
41.41 ..Poppet-type valves
41.42 .Liquid coolants other than water and water treatment
41.43 .Movably mounted tank or radiator
41.44 .With liquid coolant circulating means
41.45 ..Jet pumps
41.46 ..Common drive for pump and fan
41.47 ..Engine shaft driven
41.48 .Devices for cooling liquid by air flow
41.49 ..Fan type
41.5 .Yielding or resilient walls
41.51 .Plural radiators and/or tanks in series
41.52 .Engine or cylinder-mounted heat dissipators
41.53 ..Hopper type
41.54 .With vent
41.55 .Combined
41.56 .Air-cooled
41.57 ..With liquid cooling
41.58 ..Flow-regulating means
41.59 ...Adjustable discharge
41.6 ..Steam dividing vanes, baffles, conduits or the like for
multiple cylinders
41.61 ...Individual deflecting cylinder baffless
41.62 ...Air duct with discharge ports or conduits
41.63 ..With impelling means
41.64 ...Jet type
41.65 ...Fan type
41.66 ....Suction
41.67 ..Jacketed cylinder
41.68 ...Spiral passages
41.69 ..Finned cylinder and/or head
41.7 ..Engine encasing air duct, e.g., cowling
41.71 .Plural materials
41.72 .With jacketed head and/or cylinder
41.73 ..Jet or spray within jacket
41.74 ..Multiple cylinder
41.75 ..Reentrant head
41.76 ..With cooled valve seats or guides
41.77 ...Poppet-type valves
41.78 ...Cylinder side wall valves
41.79 ..With passages, baffles, etc.
41.8 ...Spiral passages
41.81 ..Cylinder jacket supported solely by cylinder
41.82 R ..With head-cooling arrangements
41.82 A ...Composite head
41.83 ..Cylinder detachable
41.84 ...Flanged cylinder or liner
41.85 .Valve seats or guides
41.86 CRANKCASE VENTILATION
42 OSCILLATING CYLINDER
43 R ROTATING CYLINDER
44 R .Radial
44 A ..Wheel
44 B ..Combustion chamber is center of star
44 C ..Two-cycle
44 D ..Valve casing-cylinders have no valves but have ports
which register with ports in casing
44 E ..Cam transmission
43 A .Parallel to shaft
43 AA ..Parallel to shaft cam track
43 B .Toroidal cylinders
43 C .Cam transmission
45 R ROTARY RECIPROCATING PISTON
45 A .Piston and crankshaft coaxial
46 R FREE PISTON
46 A .Two chambers; one piston
46 B .Phasing means between two or more units
46 SC .Single chamber; one piston
46 E .Electric generating means
46 H .Hammer
47 R VALVED PISTON
47 A .Charge passes from crankcase through valve in piston
47 AA .Lost motion connection actuates valve
47 AB .Inlet and exhaust valve in piston
48 R ADJUSTABLE COMBUSTION CHAMBER
48 A .Piston in head adjusted manually or mechanically
48 AA .Piston in head adjusted
48 B .Piston varied by means in crankshaft, connecting rod or
piston
48 C .Cylinder or sleeve-moved
48 D .Auxiliary chamberr
50 R RECIPROCATING CYLINDER
50 A .Four-cycle
50 B .Two-cycle
51 R MULTIPLE PISTON
51 A .Four-cycle
51 AA ..Four-cycle separate crankshaft for piston
51 AC ..Two or more combustion chambers between the piston
51 B .Two-cycle
51 BA ..Two-cycle separate crankshaft for piston
51 BB ..Piston offset from crankshaft
51 BC ..Plural combustion chamber and plural piston
51 BD ..Inlet or exhaust ports in two or more planes
52 R MULTIPLE CYLINDER
53 R .Simultaneous expansion
53 A ..Four-stroke cycle
53 AA ...Four-stroke cycle, two crankshafts
53 B ..Two-stroke cycle
53 BA ...Two-stroke cycle, two crankshafts
53 BP ..Single piston divides cylinder into two chambers
53 C ..Three or more crankshafts
54 R .Cylinders offset
54 A ..Crankshaft between parallel cylinders
54 B ..Crankshaft at one side of opposed cylinders
55 R .Cylinders radiating
55 A ..Star
55 AA ...Radial cylinder cam transmission
55 AB ...Shields, cowls and manifolds
55 AC ...Star-type valve gear
55 VF ..Four cylinder "V" type
55 VS ..Six cylinder "V" type
55 VE ..Eight cylinder "V" type
55 V ..More than eight cylinder "V" type
55 SR ..Semiradial
56 R .Cylinders opposite
56 A ..Four-cycle
56 AA ...Cylinder opposite and offset
56 AB ...Cylinder opposite and crankshaft offset
56 AC ...Cylinder opposite and aligned
56 B ..Two-cycle
56 BA ...Cylinder opposite and offset
56 BB ...Cylinder opposite and crankshaft offset
56 BC ...Cylinder opposite and aligned
56 C ..Cam transmission
57 R .Cylinders tandem
57 A ..Four-cycle
57 B ..Two-cycle
58 R .Cylinders parallel
58 A ..Cam plate type
58 AA ...Single bank of cylinders
58 AB ...Motion converting means between two banks
58 AM ...Multiple cam drive
58 B ..Swash plate type
58 BA ...Single bank of cylinders
58 BB ...Motion converting means between two banks of cylinders
58 BC ...Multiple swash plate drive
58 C ..Shaft rotates through piston
59 R .Cylinders longitudinal
60 ..Cranks coincidentt
59 A ..Four-cycle
59 B ..Two-cycle
59 BA ..Lengthwise scavenging
59 BS ..Step piston (see sub. 65S)
59 BL ..Lengthwise scavenging of cylinders
59 AB ..Long reciprocating valve
59 BM ..Exhaust gases of pressure pulse for charging cylinders
59 EC ..Exhaust to next cylinder ready to fire
59 AL ..Long rotary valve
59 AT ...Tapered
59 AC ..Sleeve valve
59 AD ..Disc valve
59 NB ..Inclined base
59 PC ..Plural carburetors
52 A .Two or more crankshafts
52 B .Annular piston
52 M .Manifolds
52 MB .Balancing tubes
52 ML .Manifold has return loop to inlet
52 MV .Manifold for V-type engines
52 MF .Back flow-prevention valve
52 MC .Manifold and block construction
* DOUBLE-ACTING
61 R .Two-cycle
62 ..Combined pump and motor cylinder
61 V ..Lengthwise scavenging of cylinders from cylinder head to
piston
63 .Four-cycle
64 SIX-CYCLE
65 R TWO-CYCLE
66 .Combined pump and motor cylinder
67 .Divided pump discharge
68 .Pump compression
69 R .Separate air and gas pumps
69 V ..Lengthwise scavenging of cylinder by gas from cylinder
head to piston
70 R .Pump and cylinder adjacent
70 V ..Lengthwise scavenging of power cylinder
71 R .Pump and cylinder coaxial
71 V ..Lengthwise scavenging of cylinder from head to piston
71 VA ..Sleeve valve
72 .Pump and cylinder inclined
.Rear compression
73 R ..Crankcase
73 A ...Fuel to crankcase
73 AA ...Ported piston
73 AV ....Valved
73 AB ...Inlet valve in head
73 AC ...Varies compression space
73 AD ...Lubricant oil and fuel mixing devices
73 AE ...Auxiliary piston moves synthronously with piston to
enlarge volume of crankcase or incoming charge
73 AF ...Crankcase compression with auxiliary pump means
73 B ...Fuel to bypass
73 BA ....Lengthwise scavenging of cylinders from head
73 C ...Fuel to cylinder
73 CA ....Lengthwise scavenging of cylinders from head
73 CB ....With liquid pump to separate inlett
73 CC ....With gas or vapor pump to separate
73 D ...Disc valves
73 DA ....Charge to crankcase through crankshaft
73 E ...Reentrant cylinder head
73 F ...Stepped piston
73 FA ....Ported
73 S ...Supercharging of crankcase
73 V ...Valves for crankcase
73 SC ...Returns charge to crankcase or rejects to exhaust
73 PP ...Distinct passages from crankcase to cylinder
73 SP ...Slow-speed operation
74 R ..Cylinder
74 A ...Fuel to rear of piston
74 AA ....Lengthwise scavenging from head
74 AP ...Reduced portion of piston acts as guide
74 AC ...Cross head between piston and crank
74 AE ...Enclosed crankcase
74 B ...Lengthwise bypass
74 C ...Lengthwise cylinder combustion space
74 D ...Slide valve between chamber of pump and crankcase
65 PE .Exhaust ports
65 A .Inlet and exhaust ports in two or more planes
65 B .Pumps
65 BA .Blowers
65 PD .Port deflectors
65 E .Scavenging by inertia of exhaust gas and charging by use
of pressure waves
65 S .Step piston (see sub. 59 BS)
65 V .Valves
65 VA ..Sleeve valve
65 VS ..Sleeve driven by auxiliary crankshafts
65 VB .Lengthwise scavenging list above
65 VC .Lengthwise scavenging exhaust above
65 VD .Intake and exhaust valve in top of cylinder
65 W .Whirl through piston-controlled ports
65 WA ..Whirl in top of cylinders and lengthwise scavenging
65 WV .Vacuum intake
65 SP .Single port for inlet and exhaust
65 EM .Exhaust manifolds
65 P .Ports
306 MEANS TO WHIRL FLUID BEFORE, UPON OR AFTER ENTRY INTO COMBUSTION
CHAMBER
307 .Structural projection on working piston causes whirling
308 .Having multiple oxidant inlet means
309 .Specific spark plug location
310 COMBUSTION CHAMBER HAVING MULTIPLE SPARK GAPS
311 FOUR-CYCLE
312 .Engine cylinder having a reciprocating sleeve valve
313 ..Having a junk ring seal
314 ..Having sleeve valve lubrication means
315 .Multiple exhaust
316 .Having subcharger associated with the cylinder
317 .Crankcase compression of air or combustible mixture to be
subsequently pumped into the working cylinder
318 .Rear compression of air or combustible mixture to be
subsequently pumped into the working cylinder
76 .Scavenging
77 .Single revolutionn
78 R .Variable clearance
78 A ..Piston in head adjusted mechanically
78 AA ...Piston in head adjusted by fluid means
78 B ..Varying means is in the piston
78 BA ...Varying means is in the piston connection
78 C ..Cylinder or sleeve moved
78 D ..Auxiliary chamber
78 E ..Varying means is in the connecting rod
78 F ..Varying means is in the crankshaft
79 R .Single poppet valve
79 A ..Rotary valve and poppet which extends through rotary
valve
79 C ..Concentric valves; relatively movable
80 R .Rotating valve
80 BA ..Rotary valve is perpendicular to cylinder
80 BB ..Rotary valve is parallel to cylinder
80 C ..Sleeve valve
80 D ..Disc valve
80 DA ..Rotary plug
81 R .Oscillating valve
81 B ..Oscillating valve - not sleeve or disc
81 C ..Sleeve valve
81 D ..Disc valve
82 .Rotating side shaft
83 .Rotating transverse shaft
84 .Adjacent supply and exhaust valves
85 .Aligned supply and exhaust valves
86 .Opposite supply and exhaust valves
87 .Longitudinal valve and lever
88 .Transverse valve and lever
89 .Transverse valve and bell crank
319 ENGINE SPEED REGULATOR
320 .Responsive to deceleration mode (e.g., engine acting as a
brake)
321 ..Valve timing altering means (e.g., axially sliding cam shaft)
322 ...Electrical means adapted to alter valve timing
323 ..Exhaust throttling or blocking
324 ..Part of the air or combustible mixture to the engine cylinder
omitted
325 ..Deceleration responsive cutoff of fuel to engine (e.g.,
pollution control)
326 ...Rich resupply of fuel at end of deceleration
327 ..Auxiliary air fed to the engine
328 ..Idle jet bypassed by a slight opening of the throttle
329 ..Having means to retard spark (e.g., ignition timing)
330 .Engine speed reduction by overriching the combustible mixture
(e.g., choking engine)
331 ..By electric means
332 .Engine speed reduction by fuel cutoff
333 ..By electric means
334 .Engine speed reduction by partial or complete omission of the
ignition
335 ..By electric means
336 .Having plural throttle valve structure
337 .Specific throttle valve structure
338 .Fuel injection pump bypass control
339 .Idle speed control
340 .Regulation responsive to a plurality of sensed enginee
conditions
341 ..Vacuum sensing
342 .Regulator changes length of accelerator linkage
343 .Regulator accessory (e.g., cleaner, adjusting tool, etc.)
344 .Charge proportion varying (e.g., the fuel-air ratio is varied)
345 .By changing valve lift
346 ..Intake valve lift altered
347 .By changing valve timing
348 ..Intake valve timing altered
349 .Having condition responsive means with engine being part of a
closed feedback system (e.g., cruise control)
350 ..Electrical sensing or regulating
351 ...Engine overspeed sensing with an indicator or alarm and speed
regulation
352 ...Engine speed sensing having an error signal producing
circuit
353 ....Having variable duty cycle multivibrator (e.g., length of
"time on" in each cycle)
354 ....Having variable frequency multivibrator (e.g., number of
"time ons" per unit of time)
355 ....Having phase difference detector
356 ....Circuit resonates (e.g., tuned) at governed speed
357 ....Electric fuel injection pump governor
358 .....Max-min governor (i.e., no control in between)
359 .....Fail-safe feature (e.g., cuts off fuel pump)
360 ....Circuit controls a fluid throttle operator (e.g., vacuum)
361 ....Circuit controls an electric throttle operator
362 ...Cold engine control
363 ..Mechanical sensor or regulator
364 ...Fuel injection pump governor (e.g., diesel)
365 ....Governor override
366 .....Engine starting or warm-up control
367 .....Variable throttle or control rod stop
368 .....Idle control after starting (e.g., warm engine)
369 ....Three-dimensional cam control
370 ....Acceleration responsive
371 ....Deceleration responsive
372 ....Biased axial link (e.g., sliding rod with spring return)
373 ....Pivoted link connected to pump rack
374 .....Movable fulcrum (e.g., slot and pin)
375 ...Fuel injection pressure governor
376 ...Throttle positioning
377 ....Safety override of dangerous manual position
378 ..Fluidic sensor or regulator
379 ...Fuel injection pump governor
380 ....Barometric sensor
381 ....Fuel viscosity sensor (e.g., temperature sensing)
382 ....Manifold pressure sensor
383 .....Supercharger
384 ....Floating piston-type governor (e.g., Bessiere)
385 ....Liquid fluid governor
386 .....Lubrication pressure sensor
387 .....Fuel pressure sensor
388 .....Override for basic mechanical governor
389 ...Intake manifold vacuum responsive
390 ...Fuel injection pressure governor
391 ...Responsive to intake airflow
392 ...Responsive to cooling fan airfloww
393 ...Responsive to exhaust gas
394 ..By combustion air or air-fuel mixture cutoff
395 .Open loop condition responsive
396 ..Resistance or override acts on input connection to regulator
397 ...Shutdown safety device
398 ...Throttle position lock
399 ..Having an electrical device between input and speed regulator
400 ..Mechanical connection between input and speed regulator
401 ..Fluidic device between input and regulator
402 .Charge volume varying (e.g., total amount of mixture fed to
engine is varied; relative amounts of air and fuel are fixed)
403 ..Throttling (e.g., volume varying using throttle valve)
404 ..Suction operated supply valve lift regulating
405 ..By engine operated valve
406 SPARK IGNITION TIMING CONTROL
407 .Vacuum timing control
408 ..Multiple diaphragms
409 ..Fluid delay in fluid path line from vacuum source
410 ..Including sensor responsive to barometric pressure to alter
vacuum level
411 ..Increasing vacuum retards the spark
412 .Barometric pressure responsive controller
413 .By mechanical or hydraulic link to throttle valve or
accelerator
414 .Having engine shaft position sensor
415 .Analog electronic control
416 .Digital electronic control
417 ..Having microprocessor
418 .Speed responsive
419 ..Responsive to instantaneous changes in engine speed (e.g.,
roughness)
420 ..Centrifugal timing mechanism
421 .Ambient or engine temperature responsive
422 .Acceleration responsive
423 .Deceleration responsive
424 .Starting or cold running condition responsive
425 .Cylinder pressure or cylinder temperature responsive
426 .Feedback correction
427 .Timing control derived from ignition capacitor
428 .Having circuit that alters response of an oscillatory engine
shaft position sensing circuit
429 COMBUSTION CHAMBER MEANS COMBINED WITH AIR-FUEL MIXTURE FORMING
MEANS
430 .Stratification in combustion chamber
431 .Having a single combustible mixture inlet combined with means
for injecting additional fuel into the combustion chamber
432 .Air or combustible mixture entering the combustion chamber
through plural inlets
433 ..One inlet is uncovered by piston travel
434 CHARGE FORMING DEVICE (E.G., POLLUTION CONTROL)
435 .Including cylinder pressure or temperature responsive means
436 .Including means responsive to instantaneous change in engine
speed
672 .Including exhaust gas condition responsive means
673 ..With sensor controlling each cylinder individually
674 ..With modifying or updating memory (i.e., learning)
675 ...Acceleration or deceleration responsive
676 ..Exhaust gas temperature or pressure repsonsivee
677 ..Combined with ambient condition responsive means (e.g.,
pressure)
678 ...Ambient temperature responsive
679 ..Combined with engine condition responsive means
680 ...Idling responsive
681 ...Engine load responsive
682 ....Acceleration or deceleration responsive
683 ....Throttle position responsive
684 ....Pressure downstream of throttle valve responsive
685 ...Starting or warmup responsive
686 ....Engine coolant temperature responsive
687 ...Speed responsive
688 ...Inoperative sensor responsive
689 ...Engine fluid or engine component temperature responsive
690 ..With fail-safe, backup, or malfunction means
691 ..Multiple sensors controlling group of cylinders
692 ...Controlling plural groups of cylinders
693 ..With compensator for sensor output (e.g., current or voltage)
694 ...Output fed to compensating circuit
695 ....Variable reference value
696 ....Proportional or integral circuit
697 ...Heater for sensor or sensor environment
698 ..With addition of secondary fluid (e.g., fuel or exhaust gas)
699 ...Secondary fluid is auxiliary air or oxygen (e.g., carburetor
air bleed)
700 ....Fed to air/fuel mixture
701 ..With auxiliary control of carburetor
702 ...Variable venturi carburetor
703 ..Exhaust gas composition sensor
704 .Air/fuel ratio prior to combustion responsive means
437 .Auxiliary control of carburetor fuel metering
438 ..By electrical or electronic control system
439 ...Variable venturi carburetor
441 ..By mechanical speed sensor
442 .Injection or carburetion system having a series of throttle
valves
443 .Alternate or simultaneous lean-rich
444 .Having fluidic logic control means
445 .Fuel injection system
446 ..Fuel pump flow regulation
447 ...With accumulator
448 ...Sequential distributor
449 ....Rotary and reciprocating distributor
450 ....Rotary distributor
451 ....Reciprocating distributor
452 ...Nonsequential distributor
453 ....Enrichment of the combustible mixture for cold starting or
cold running
454 ....Equal pressure valve type
455 ....Distributor and metering unit are in common housing
456 ....Common rail system
457 ...Regulating means adjust fuel pressure
458 ....Electric regulator
459 ....Bleed off valve
460 ....Series regulator
461 ....Having vapor returned to tank or pump inlet
462 ....By throttle control
463 ....Manifold pressure responsivee
464 ....Temperature responsive
465 ....Barometric responsive
466 ....Having an antitampering device
467 ..Drip prevention means at injector nozzle
468 ..Having a specific shape, material, or location of fuel line
469 ...Specific fuel line mounting means
470 ..Injection nozzle mounting means
471 ...Nozzle isolated from manifold vacuum effect
472 ..Electrically actuated injector
473 ...Mechanically actuated switching
474 ....Ignition distributor used as switch
475 ...Actuated by ignition pulse
476 ...Magnetically actuated switching
477 ...Radiation actuated switching
478 ...Actuator circuit (e.g., engine condition responsive
electronic circuit actuates injector valve)
479 ....Backup systems, fail-safe, failure indicator
480 ....Having microprocessor
481 ....Engine cylinder cutout
482 ....Circuit activates valve for continuous fuel flow
483 ....Having plural multivibrators
484 ....Having single multivibrator
485 ....Having ramp generator
486 ....Having a digital memory addressed by an engine parameter
487 ....Having an up or up-down counter in circuit
488 ....Subcircuit operates on a parameter sensor output before
input to main fuel control (e.g., function generator)
490 ....Injector solenoid drive
491 ....Starting condition responsive
492 ....Acceleration or full load condition responsive
493 ....Deceleration condition responsive
494 ....Having specific transducer
495 .With fuel pump
496 ..Variable rate of injection stroke
497 ..Electric fuel pump
498 ...Piezoelectric drive
499 ...Solenoid drive
500 ..Variable beginning and ending of pumping stroke
501 ..Variable beginning of pumping stroke
502 ...Fluid pressure control
503 ..Variable ending of pumping stroke
504 ..Variable stroke
505 ..Fuel pump and intake air controls interconnected
506 ..Having pressure relief valve
507 ..Pumping member driven by a piston or valve of the internal
combustion engine
508 ..Pumping member driven by the internal combustion engine valve
operating mechanism
509 ..Specific location or mounting of pump
510 .Fuel flow regulation between the pump and the charge forming
device
511 ..Regulator means adjusts fuel pressure
512 ...Engine parameter responsive
513 ...Environmental condition responsive
514 ..Excess fuel returned to tank
515 ..Regulator controls flow of a plurality of fuels
516 ..Air or fuel vapor purging system
517 ..Carburetor float bowl drainn
518 .Having fuel vapor recovery and storage system
519 ..Having an adsorbent canister
520 ...Purge valve controlled by engine parameter
521 ....Responsive to secondary air pressure
522 .Liquid fuel evaporating by submerged air supply
523 .Liquid fuel evaporating by extended fuel film
524 ..Screen or mat
525 .Combined liquid and gaseous fuel
526 ..Diesel engine convertible from liquid to gas
527 .Gaseous fuel and air mixer
528 ..Supercharged engine
529 ..Safety device (e.g., cutoff)
530 .Constant flow fuel supply
531 .Auxiliary air or gas used to inject fuel
532 ..Air is bled from the cylinder on the compression stroke in
that cylinder
533 ..Having a separate pump for the air or gas
534 ..Air is bled from another engine cylinder
535 ..Constant fuel level
536 .Combustible mixture ionization, ozonation, or electrolysis
537 ..Before intake valve (e.g., in manifold)
538 ..Fuel only
539 ..Air only
540 .Cooling of combustible mixture
541 ..Fuel only
542 ..Air only
543 .Heating of combustible mixture
544 ..Lighter fuel is used during starting
545 ..Heating meduim surrounds combustible mixture
546 ..Combustible mixture surrounds heating medium
547 ..Combustible mixture and heating meduim adjoin one another
548 ..Trap for liquid particle vaporization
549 ..Electric heater
550 ..Combustion heater
551 ...Part of combustible mixture is burned
552 ..Automatic control
553 ..Intermediate fluid used for heating
554 ..Combustible mixture, air, and fuel are heated separately
555 ..Air and fuel heated separately
556 ..Air only
557 ..Fuel only
558 ...Fuel is heated to ignition temperature
559.1 .Supercharger
559.2 ..Pressure exchange with exhaust gas
559.3 ..With clutch
560 ..Two-cycle compressor feeds a four-cycle engine
561 ..Variable ratio compressor driven supercharger
562 ..Multiple superchargers
563 ..Intercooler
564 ..Boost control
565 ..Supercharger is driven independently of the engine
566 ..Funnel-type supercharger (e.g., ram-air)
567 .Oxidant is solely oxygen
568 .Exhaust gas used with the combustible mixture (e.g., emission
control e.g.r. valve)
569 ..Diesel engine
570 ..Exhaust gas cooled before recirculation
571 ..Electrical control of e.g.r. valve (e.g., between exhaust gass
and intake manifold)
572 .Crankcase vapor used with combustible mixture
573 ..Vapor treated before mixing with combustible mixture (e.g.,
cooling)
574 ..Specific control valve (e.g., PCV valve)
575 .Diverse fuel supply
576 ..Fuel switched in response to engine starting condition
577 ..Fuel switched, condition responsive to load
578 ..Fuel switched in response to engine temperature
579 .Multiple carburetors
580 ..Each carburetor feeds a cylinder or group of cylinders (e.g.,
split engine)
581 ..Separate carburetor for starting
582 ..Separate carburetor for high load
583 ..With linkage between carburetor throttle valves
584 ...Staged opening of carburetor throttle valves
585 .Auxiliary air or oxygen added to combustible mixture
586 ..Oxidant controlled by throttle
587 ..Oxidant controlled by intake manifold vacuum
588 ..Oxidant controlled by engine temperature
590 .Charge mixing device intake (e.g., device which insures the
atomization of the combustible mixture)
591 ..Having liquid fuel collector
592 ..By fan means
593 ..By screen means
594 HIGH TENSION IGNITION SYSTEM
595 .Retrofit conversion ignition unit
596 .Using capacitive storage and discharge for spark energy
597 ..Regulating sensed ignition capacitor voltage
598 ..Having an oscillator
599 ..Having a magneto
600 ...Triggering voltage obtained from capacitor charging winding
601 ...Specific design of charge or trigger winding core
602 ...Having controllable timing means
603 ...Antireverse protection
604 ..Inductive capacitive discharge system
605 ..Having a specific capacitor, ignition coil means, or switching
element circuit path
606 .High frequency ignition system
607 ..Free running oscillator supplies coil primary
608 ..Having a specific spark plug
609 .Having dwell control
610 ..Using a monostable multivibrator
611 ..Dwell maintained at constant value
612 .Having engine component position sensor
613 ..Optical sensing
614 ..Including a zero crossing detector
615 ..Includng an oscillator
616 ..Piezoelectric sensor
617 ..Inductive or magnetic sensor
618 .Having specific trigger circuitry
619 ..Oscillatory trigger circuit
620 .Additional spark energy supply
621 .Having an ignition coil with multiple primary or secondary
windings
622 ..Separate circuit for each winding
623 .Having supply voltage regulation
624 .Having ballast resistor cutout or controll
625 .Responsive to engine or environmental condition
626 ..Oscillator or trigger circuit responsive to engine condition
627 .Having auxiliary spark gap in series or parallel with the coil
628 .Having a continuous high voltage output to the high voltage
distributor
629 .Monostable multivibrator controls timing of coil primary
current
630 .Safety device
631 ..Reverse engine rotation protection
632 ..Ignition switch opened when engine stops
633 .Radio interference protection
634 .Having a specific ignition coil
635 .Specific coil location
636 .Multiple spark ignition system
637 ..System fires single spark plug per cylinder
638 ..System fires multiple spark plugs per cylinder
639 ..System using vibrator for multiple sparks upon starting
640 .Dual systems
641 ..One for starting
642 .Piezoelectric voltage generator
643 .Electronic cylinder sequencing
644 .Current or voltage sensing in coil primary
645 .Maverick spark suppressor
646 ..Point bounce or arc suppression system
647 .Having a specific mounting of system component
648 .Having SCR triggered by lowering cathode voltage below ground
649 .Multiple primary current interrupters
650 .Power supply, ignition coil primary and interrupter element all
in series
651 ..Interrupter is multiple transistor circuit
652 ..Interrupter is single transistor
653 ..Additional capacitor other than breaker point capacitor is in
series with coil primary or secondary
654 ..Additional capacitor other than breaker point capacitor is in
parallel with coil primary or secondary
655 ..Diode is in series with coil primary or secondary
656 ..Diode is in parallel with coil primary or secondary
90.1 POPPET VALVE OPERATING MECHANISM
90.11 .Electrical system
90.12 .Hydraulic system
90.13 ..With manifold and distributor
90.14 .Pneumatic system
90.15 .With means for varying timing
90.16 ..Cam-to-valve relationship
90.17 ..Camshaft or cam characteristics
90.18 ...Axially shiftable camshaft
90.19 .With temperature compensation
90.2 .With compound movement of cam follower
90.21 .Follower displaced axially of camshaft
90.22 .Plural valve trains, single actuator
90.23 ..Intake and exhaust
90.24 .Valve driven closed
90.25 ..By valve-opening rocker
90.26 ..By cam-actuated unitary follower
90.27 .Overhead camshaft
90.28 .With nonvalving movement (e.g., about valve stem)
90.29 ..Oscillating movement converted internally
90.3 ..Positive rotation provided by internal meanss
90.31 .Camshaft drive means
90.32 .With alternate interruption of drive train
90.33 .Lubrication
90.34 ..Camshaft
90.35 ..Tappet as conduit
90.36 ..Rocker fulcrum as conduit
90.37 ..Seals and shields
90.38 ..Housings
90.39 .Rocker
90.4 ..Plural valves
90.41 ..Individually fulcrumed
90.42 ...Rotation prevention
90.43 ...Lash adjustment at fulcrum
90.44 ..Cam engaged
90.45 ..Lash adjustment
90.46 ...Hydraulic
90.47 ..Yieldable engagement
90.48 .Tappet
90.49 ..Cushion and silencer
90.5 ..Rotation prevention
90.51 ..Composition, surface treatment manufacture
90.52 ..Lash adjustment
90.53 ...Self-operating
90.54 ....Screw
90.55 ....Hydraulic
90.56 .....Pressure flow upwardly into pressure chamber
90.57 .....Vent or bleed means for pressure chamber
90.58 .....Self-contained
90.59 .....With provision for horizontal positioning
90.6 .Cam
90.61 .Rod
90.62 ..Self-adjusting
90.63 ...Hydraulic
90.64 ..Pull type
90.65 .Spring
90.66 ..Attenuated
90.67 ..Seat and retainer
143 R IGNITERS
144 .Flame
145 R .Incandescent
146 ..Valve controlled
145 A ..Electric (incandescent ignitors using electricity as a
source of heat)
146.5 R .Sparkers
147 ..Low tension
149 R ..Dynamos
149 A ...Inductor type
149 B ...Impulse starters
149 C ...Timing means
149 D ...Flywheel type
149 E ...Oscillating armature type
149 F ...Special waveforms
149 FA ....Double current generators
149 G ...Movable pole shoes and bell-magnets
149 H ...Reciprocating
150 ..Combined adjusting and exhaust regulating
151 ..Combined sparker and valve
152 ..Combined valve and sparker operatingg
169 R ..Plugs
169 CL ...Cleaners automatic
169 CM ....Cleaners manual
169 CA ...Compound insulation
169 CB ...Core retaining
169 DW ...Disk wrappings type
169 EL ...Electrodes
169 EA ...Adjustable gap
169 EB ...Replaceable electrode
169 EC ...Adjustable and replaceable
169 C ...Cool
169 E ...Insulated electrodes
169 G ...Intensity in gap only
169 P ...Insulating protecting
169 PA ....Tubes and attachments
169 PB ....Heaters
169 PH ....Hoods and shields
169 MG ...Multiple firing gap
169 TC ...Transparent combustion chamber
169 V ...Valved
153 ..Make and break
154 ...Electromagnetic
155 ...Pneumatic
162 ...Piston-operated
156 ...Reciprocating electrode
157 ...Rocking-electrode hammer action
158 ...Rocking and rigid electrodes
159 ...Rocking and yielding electrodes
160 ...Oscillating electrodes
161 ...Rotary electrodes
163 ...Stationary-electrode structure
164 ...Adjusting mechanism
146.5 A ..Timers
146.5 B ..Ignition locks
146.5 C ..Fluid level or pressure-actuated ignition switches
146.5 D ..Devices for opening the ignition circuit when engine
stops in order to save battery
143 A .High compression igniters
143 B .Special charge igniters
143 C .Insulated casing enclosing wires leading to plugs,
distributor, etc.
192.1 VIBRATION COMPENSATING DEVICE
192.2 .Balancing arrangement
197.1 TRANSMISSION MECHANISM FROM PISTON
197.5 .Including clutch
197.2 .With particular piston
197.4 .Crankshaft and connecting rod
197.3 ..Particular connecting rod
179.1 STARTING DEVICE
179.2 .Remote control
179.3 .Condition responsive control of starting device
179.4 ..Including automatic engine stop
179.5 .Control of spark ignition during starting
179.6 .Control of glow plug during starting
179.7 .Auxiliary fuel supply device
179.8 ..Starting fluid
179.9 ..Priming means
179.11 ...Manual pump device or squeeze bulbb
179.12 ...Condition responsive
179.13 ....Temperature
179.14 ..Condition responsive
179.15 ...Temperature
179.16 .With fuel or intake air control
179.17 ..Fuel injector pump
179.18 ..Intake air control
179.19 .Including auxiliary internal combustion engine
179.21 .With charge or cylinder heating
179.22 .Inertia type
179.23 .Having interlock means between transmission and starting
device
179.24 .Either power or manual starting device
179.27 .For airplane
185.7 ..Manual type
179.28 .With electric generating means
179.29 ..Auxiliary magneto
179.31 .Having fluid driven starting motor
183.1 .Gunpowder type
182.1 .Compression relieving type
179.25 .Having specific mounting or drive connection for electric
starter motor
179.26 ..For nonoperator supporting wheeled platform
185.1 .Mechanical
185.14 ..Includes mechanical potential motor (e.g., spring motor)
185.15 ...Operated by wheels of vehicle
185.2 ..Includes cable
185.3 ...Including recoil mechanism
185.4 ....Lever connected to the cable
185.5 ..Includes lever or slide linkage
185.6 ...Lever or slide actuates a gear segment
185.8 ..Includes friction means in linkage
185.9 ..Includes coaxial cooperating threaded members in linkage
185.11 ..Includes worm gear in linkage
185.12 ..Including crank type handle
185.13 ...Means provided to prevent counter rotation of crank
186.1 .Spark delaying
184.1 .With auxiliary igniters
142.5 R WITH HEATING MEANS
142.5 E .Electric heaters for heating cooling system
657 COMBUSTION CHAMBER
658 .L- or T-shaped
659 .Having groove to aid combustion
660 .An acoustic cavity used to attenuate detonation shock waves
(e.g., Bodine)
661 .Having squish area
662 .Multiple annular combustion chambers
663 .Annular combustion chamber
664 .Combustion chamber shape is a figure of revolution
665 ..Spherical
666 ..Hemispherical
667 .Asymmetric combustion chamber
668 .Having coating or liner
669 ..With means for mounting coating or liner
670 .Having catalytic cambustion aid
671 .Cylinder head shape conforms to piston shape
193.1 PARTICULAR PISTON AND ENCLOSING CYLINDER CONSTRUCTION
193.5 .Cylinder headd
193.3 ..Having detail of connection to other cylinder structure
193.6 .Piston
193.4 ..Having detail to guiding structure cooperating with
cylinder
193.2 .Cylinder detail
188.1 VALVE
189 .Detachable
188.14 .Valve head cooperates with manifold
188.4 .Reciprocating valve
188.15 ..Shepherd-type
188.2 ..Poppet
188.16 ...Pivoted
188.3 ...Material or structure
188.5 ..Sleeve
190.1 .Rotary
190.12 ..Sleeve
190.13 ...With lubrication means
190.3 ..For crankcase
190.4 ..Double function type
190.5 ...For two or more cylinders
190.6 ...Elongated rotary double-function valve
190.7 ....Tapered
190.8 ...In horizontal plane above cylinder
190.9 ....Tapered
190.11 ...In horizontal plane on the side of the cylinder
190.14 ..Disc, cone, or sphere shaped
190.15 ...Controls plural cylinders
190.2 ..Single function, (i.e., exhaust and intake by separate
tube)
190.16 ..Lubricant
190.17 ..Seal
188.6 .Packing
188.7 .Combustion improving accessory
188.8 .Valve seat relation
188.9 .Guide, lubricant, or coolant
188.11 .Wear feature
188.12 ..For spring
188.13 ...Including attaching means
188.17 .Having actuation springs concentric with valve stem
195 R FRAME CONSTRUCTION
195 A .Auxiliaries, brackets
195 C .All covers
195 E .Electrical
195 P .Outboard motor frames
195 S .Sheet metal frames
195 AC .Inclined cylinder
195 H .Horizontal stress members
195 HC .Horizontal cylinder
196 R LUBRICATORS
196 A .Filtering
196 CP .Crankcase, pressure control
196 AB .Heating and cooling
196 M .Upper cylinder lubricants
196 S .Safety devices
196 V .Sleeve valve lubrication
196 W .Vertical shaft
198 R ACCESSORIES
198 A .Decarbonizers and antiknockss
198 B .Antitheft valves and locks
198 C .Pumps
198 D .Safety devices
198 DA .Bearing wear, cylinder, oil drain, auto ignition
198 DB .Fuel cut-off
198 DC .Ignition cut-off control
198 E .Covers, trays, vibrators, corrosion inhibitors, air
filters
198 F .Cylinder cut out
198 P .Pressurizing - crankcase, clutch housing, transmission
housing
* ******************************
* DIGESTS
* ******************************
DIG 1 Interchangeable
DIG 2 Accumulated fuel return to tank or engine-induction system
DIG 3 Model
DIG 4 Stratification
DIG 5 Crankcase pressure-operated pumps
DIG 6 Detachable
DIG 7 Convertible
DIG 8 Multiple engine units
DIG 9 Flame ignition
DIG 10 Fluidic amplifier fuel control
DIG 11 Antidieseling (stopping)
DIG 12 Hydrogen
DIG 13 Gas