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Class Number: 359 Class Title: OPTICS: SYSTEMS (INCLUDING COMMUNICATION) AND ELEMENTS Subclass Subclass Number Title 1 HOLOGRAPHIC SYSTEM OR ELEMENT 2 .Authentication 3 .Having particular recording medium 4 ..Recyclable 5 ...Magnetic material 6 ...Sandwich having photoconductor 7 ...Crystalline material 8 ..Having nonplanar recording medium surface 9 .For synthetically generating a hologram 10 .Using modulated or plural reference beams 11 ..Spatial, phase or amplitude modulation 12 .Copying by holographic means 13 .Head up display 14 ..Holograph on curved substrate 15 .Using a hologram as an optical element 16 ..With aberration correction 17 ..Scanner 18 ...Flat rotating disk 19 ..Lens 20 ...Multiple point hologram (e.g., fly-eye lens, etc.) 21 .Having defined page composer 22 .For producing or reconstructing images from multiple holograms (e.g., color, etc.) 23 ..Holographic stereogram 24 ..Superimposed holograms only 25 ..Discrete hologram only 26 ...Sequential frames on moving film 27 .Having particular laser source 28 .Having multiple object beam or diffuse object illumination 29 .Fourier transform holography 30 .Having optical element between object and recording medium 31 ..Focused image holography 32 .For reconstructing image 33 ..Real image 34 .With optical waveguide 35 .Hardware for producing a hologram 36 UTILIZING A LIQUID CRYSTAL MATERIAL 37 .Passive liquid crystal polarizer 38 .Mirror formed from liquid crystal cell 39 .Nonperiodic switch 40 .Having lens or prism independent of illuminating system 41 ..Having lenses at both the entrance and exit of a liquid crystal cell 42 .With associated optical waveguide (e.g., optical fiber) 43 .With thermal excitation 44 ..By heating element 45 ..By light beam 46 .With magnetic or pressure excitation 47 .With electron beam excitation 48 .With particular illumination 49 ..Having optical element (e.g., curved reflector behind light source, etc.)) 50 ..Fluorescent light (e.g., FLAD type) 51 .Microencapsulated liquid crystal 52 ..With particular encapsulating medium 53 .Plural contiguous cells 54 .Having electrodes arranged into rows and columns 55 ..With liquid crystal electrode excitation 56 ...For ferroelectric liquid crystal 57 ...With particular switching device 58 ..With particular switching device 59 ...Transistor 60 ...Diode 61 ..Having nonrectilinear rows and columns 62 .Having particular nonelectrical detail of cell structure enclosing or adjacent liquid crystal material 63 ..Polarizer 64 ...Color 65 ...Circular 66 ..Filter 67 ...Opaque mask or photoresist layer 68 ...Transparent color filter (i.e., visible) 69 ..Diffuser 70 ..Reflector 71 ...Dielectric mirror or transflector 72 ..Photoconductive layer 73 ..Compensator or retarder 74 ..Particular nonoptical film or layer (e.g., adhesive layer, barrier layer, etc.) 75 ...Alignment layer 76 ....Formed by particular technique (e.g., vapor deposition, rubbing, etc.) 77 ....For perpendicular alignment 78 ....For parallel alignment 79 ...Insulative layer 80 ..Liquid crystal seal 81 ..Spacer 82 ..Substrate 83 ..Holder, support, or frame 84 .With specified electrode excitation characteristic of liquid crystal material 85 ..Provided by particular circuit 86 .With detector of liquid crystal temperature 87 .Electrode detail 88 ..Having connector detail 89 ..Having particular planar shape (e.g., alphanumeric) 90 .Change between diverse phases (e.g., cholesteric to nematic) 91 .Change within liquid crystal phase (e.g., Grandjean to focal conic or retardation effect, etc.) 92 ..Reversal in sign of dielectric anisotropy 93 .Birefringence effect 94 .Variable index of refraction 95 .Variable diffraction 96 .Variable absorption of light due to an additive in the liquid crystal material 97 ..Fluorescent additive 98 ..Pleochroic dye 99 .With specified nonchemical characteristic of liquid crystal material 100 ..Within smectic phasee 101 ..Within cholesteric phase 102 ..Within nematic phase 103 .Cell containing liquid crystal of specified composition 104 ..In smectic phase 105 ..In cholesteric phase 106 ..In nematic phase 107 OPTICAL COMPUTING WITHOUT DIFFRACTION 108 .Logic gate 109 OPTICAL COMMUNICATION 110 .Diagnostic testing of optical communication 111 .Interference signal transmission or elimination (e.g., jamming or antijamming) 112 .Eavesdropping 113 .Duplex 114 ..Wavelength division 115 .Multiplex 116 ..Mode 117 ..Spatial or switching 118 ..Optical local area network (LAN) 119 ...Loop 120 ...Active star 121 ...Passive star 122 ..Polarization 123 ..Time and frequency division 124 ..Wavelength division/frequency division (includes scattering, e.g., Raman, Brillouin, etc.) 125 ...Subscriber system 126 ....Optical source at only one station 127 ...By optical coupling 128 ....Switch 129 ....Prism 130 ....Grating 131 ....Lens 132 ...Single source, electrically controlled 133 ...Different sources 134 ....With pump 135 ..Time division 136 ...Multiple access (e.g., CSMA, CDMA) 137 ...Subscriber system 138 ...By specific optical element 139 ....Optical switch 140 ...With delay 141 .Underwater 142 .Remote control 143 ..Bidirectional (i.e., monitoring or acknowledge) 144 ..In industrial environment (e.g., robot control) 145 ..With radio link 146 ..With television or radio system 147 ..Switching 148 ..Plural functions 149 .Photophone 150 ..Transducer, per se 151 ...With optical fiber or waveguide 152 .Optical transceiver 153 ..Including compensation 154 .Transmitter and receiver system 155 ..Presence detection 156 ..With polarizationn 157 ..One transmitter, plural receivers 158 ..With synchronization 159 ..With alignment between transmitter and receiver 160 ..With pumping 161 ..With compensation 162 ..With electrical oscillator 163 ..With optical circuit board 164 ..Plural stations 165 ...Address directing connections 166 ...Unidirectional or loopback 167 ...Central or master station 168 ..Passive system 169 ...Retroreflection 170 ..Retroreflection 171 ..Received signal supplies power distribution to diverse devices 172 ..Satellite communications 173 ..Including optical waveguide 174 .Optical repeater system 175 ..Demodulating 176 ..Regenerative 177 ...Monitoring 178 ..Star 179 ..Including optical waveguide 180 .Transmitter 181 ..With particular modulation 182 ...Frequency modulation 183 ...Phase modulation 184 ...Pulse modulation 185 ....Pulse-code 186 ....Pulse time 187 ..With feedback 188 ..Including optical waveguide 189 .Receiver 190 ..Homodyne 191 ..Heterodyne 192 ...With polarization 193 ..With optical element (e.g., lens, mirror, etc.) 194 ..Automatic gain control 195 ..With optical waveguide 196 DEFLECTION USING A MOVING ELEMENT OR MEDIUM (OFFSETTING OR CHANGING AT LEAST A PORTION OF THE BEAM) 197 .Using a periodically moving element (periodic change of optically reflecting, refracting or diffracting element) 198 ..Particular mount or driver for element 199 ...Particular oscillating driver 200 ...Bearing or shaft for rotary driver 201 ..Plural moving scanning elements 202 ...X-Y scanner 203 ...Having a common axis of rotation 204 ..Utilizing plural light beams 205 ..Having particular focusing element to receive scanned light 206 ...High distortion lens (e.g., fO lens, etc.) 207 ...Anamorphic element 208 ...Concave reflector 209 ..Including transmissive type moving element 210 ...Having moving lens 211 ...Having moving prismm 212 ..Including reflective type moving element 213 ...Having oscillating element 214 ....Single plane mirror element 215 .....With imaging lens 216 ...Having multifaceted rotating element 217 ....With facets parallel to rotation axis 218 .....Having six, seven, or eight facets 219 .....Having five or fewer facets 220 ...Having planar rotating reflector with transverse rotation axis 221 ...Having planar rotating reflector with rotation axis in its plane 222 .By frustrated total internal reflection 223 .By moving a reflective element 224 ..Reflective element moved by deformable support 225 ..Pivoting or moving in circular arc 226 ..Rotating 227 LIGHT CONTROL BY OPAQUE ELEMENT OR MEDIUM MOVABLE IN OR THROUGH LIGHT PATH 228 .Fluid 229 .With glare or flicker elimination 230 .Electro-mechanical 231 ..String or ribbon type 232 .Slit type 233 .With relative motion of two apertured elements 234 .With rotating or pivoting element (e.g., scanning discs) 235 ..Continuously rotating apertured element 236 ..Element rotates about axis perpendicular to light path 237 OPTICAL MODULATOR 238 .Light wave temporal modulation (e.g., frequency, amplitude, etc.) 239 ..Modulator output feedback to modulator 240 ..Changing bulk optical parameter 241 ...By actinic radiation (e.g., photochromic) 242 ....Display device 243 ....Bistable device 244 ....Opto-optical device 245 ...Electro-optic 246 ....Modulation of polarized light via modulating input signal 247 .....Using reflective or cavity structure 248 ......Semiconductor 249 .....Compensation technique 250 .....Using plural mediums 251 .....With particular direction of the field in relation to the medium, beam direction or polarization 252 .....With particular medium or state of the medium 253 ......Liquid medium 254 .....With particular electrode structure or arrangement, or medium mounting structure or arrangement 255 .....With particular field 256 .....With birefringent element 257 .....Pockel's cell 258 .....Kerr cell 259 ....Plural modulation cells 260 ....Etalon structure 261 ....Multiple reflections within cell 262 ....Excitation by electron beam 263 ....By reflectionn 264 ....Pulse modulation 265 ....Electrochromic 266 .....Particular nonplanar electrode arrangement 267 .....Reflection-type (e.g., display device) 268 ......Complementary device 269 ......Particular counter electrode 270 ......Particular electrolyte layer 271 ......Particular planar electrode pattern 272 ......Liquid cell 273 ......Particular electrochromic layer structure 274 ......Diverse layer 275 .....Transmission-type (e.g., windows) 276 ....Amplitude modulation 277 .....Within display element 278 ....Frequency modulation 279 ....Phase modulation 280 ...Magneto-optic 281 ....Modulation of polarized light via modulating input signal 282 .....Using layered structure or plural mediums 283 .....With particular direction of the field in relation to the medium, beam direction or polarization 284 ....Amplitude modulation 285 ...Acousto-optic 286 ....Amplitude modulation 287 ....Frequency modulation 288 ...Thermo-optic 289 ....Amplitude modulation 290 ..By changing physical characteristics (e.g., shape, size or contours) of an optical element 291 ...Shape or contour of light control surface altered 292 ....Light control surface forms image on projected light beam 293 .....Electron beam causes surface alteration 294 ....Using photoconductive layer 295 ....Having multiple electrodes 296 ...Changing position or orientation of suspended particles 297 ...Light control surface formed or destroyed 298 .Light wave directional modulation (e.g., deflection or scanning is representative of the modulating signal) 299 ..Opto-optical device 300 ..Phase conjugate 301 ..Acting on polarized light 302 ...Using reflecting or cavity structure 303 ...Using more than one polarization (e.g., digital) 304 ...Using single polarization 305 ..Acousto-optic 306 ...Correlation or convolution 307 ...Utilizing optical feedback 308 ...Filter 309 ...Acting on polychromatic light 310 ...Plural cell array 311 ...Plural transducers on single cell 312 ...Single transducer generating composite plural frequency acoustic wave 313 ...Particular cell shape 314 ...Particular cell orientation 315 ..Electro-optic 316 ...Plural modulation cells 317 ...Multiple reflections within celll 318 ...By reflection 319 ...Focusing 320 ...Switching 321 .Having particular chemical composition or structure 322 ..Electro-optic crystal material 323 ...PLZT material 324 ..Magneto-optic crystal material 325 OPTICAL DEMODULATOR 326 OPTICAL FREQUENCY CONVERTER 327 .Raman type 328 .Harmonic generator 329 ..Third harmonic 330 .Parametric oscillator 331 .Optical laser acoustic delay line type 332 .Dielectric optical waveguide type 333 OPTICAL AMPLIFIER 334 .Raman or Brillouin process 335 .Free electron 336 .Bistable 337 .Correction of deleterious effects 338 ..Using phase conjugation 339 ..Using saturable or spatial filter 340 .Mode locked 341 .Optical fiber 342 .Particular active medium (e.g., crystal, plasma, fluid, etc.) 343 ..Glass (amorphous) 344 ..Semiconductor 345 .Particular pumping type (e.g., electrical, optical, nuclear, magnetic, etc.) 346 .Particular resonator cavity (e.g., scanning, confocal or folded mirrors, etc.) 347 .Multiple pass 348 ..Regenerative 349 .Beam combination or separation 350 HAVING SIGNIFICANT INFRARED OR ULTRAVIOLET PROPERTY 351 .Having folded optical path 352 .Having polarizing element 353 .Including alternative optical path or optical element (e.g., day-night, hi-low magnification) 354 .Including continuously variable magnification or focal length (zoom lens, adjustable lens) 355 .Lens, lens system or component 356 ..Infrared lens 357 ...Having four or more components 358 .Fluid filter or fluid mirror 359 .Multilayer filter or multilayer reflector 360 ..Having metal layer 361 .Having ultraviolet absorbing or shielding property 362 COMPOUND LENS SYSTEM 363 .With image recorder 364 .With curved reflective imaging element 365 ..Two or more in a series 366 ...Concave, convex combination 367 .Right angle inspector 368 .Microscope 369 ..With viewed screen 370 ..Interference 371 ...Using polarized lightt 372 ..With plural optical axes 373 ...Side-by-side fields 374 ...Plural oculars 375 ....Binocular 376 .....Stereoscopic 377 ......With single or parallel objectives 378 .......For viewing stereo pairs 379 ..Spacing of optical elements axially adjustable 380 ...Variable magnification 381 ..Imaging elements movable in and out of optical axis 382 ..Entire microscope adjustable along optical axis 383 ...Focus adjustment 384 ..With rotatable adjustment 385 ..Illuminator 386 ...Using polarized light 387 ...With annular lighting structure 388 ...With optical switching means 389 ...With illumination and viewing paths coaxial at the image field 390 ...With illuminator support 391 ..Stage or slide carrier 392 ...Adjustable along optical axis 393 ...With plural transverse movements 394 ...With turntable 395 ...With temperature control 396 ..Transparent slide 397 ...Reference lines or grids 398 ...Specimen cavity or chamber 399 .Telescope 400 ..With viewed screen 401 ..With image anti-rotation 402 ..Periscope 403 ...With plural optical axes 404 ....Binocular 405 ...With mechanical adjustment 406 ....Extensible structure 407 ..Binocular 408 ...Foldable or collapsible 409 ...Body supported or with handle 410 ....With focusing means 411 ....With adjustable interocular distance 412 ...With adjustable interocular distance 413 ....Oculars swing about central axis 414 .....Spacing of optical elements axially adjustable 415 ....Oculars rotate about separate axes 416 .....Spacing of optical elements axially adjustable 417 ....Spacing of optical elements axially adjustable 418 ...Spacing of optical elements axially adjustable 419 ..With plural optical axes 420 ...Plural magnification in same viewing field 421 ..Selectable magnification 422 ..Variable magnification 423 ..With relay 424 ...With reticle 425 ..Focusing or relatively sliding barrels 426 ...Internal focusing 427 ...With reticle 428 ..With reticlee 429 ..With line of sight adjustment 430 ...Equatorial mount 431 ..With prism or U-shaped optical path 432 .Variable magnification 433 .With tilted lens or tilted image plane 434 .With relay 435 ..Repetitious lens structure 436 SCALE OR INDICIA READING 437 .Polarizer 438 .Prism 439 .Mirror 440 .Lens 441 ..Movable or adjustable 442 ...Along scale or indicia 443 PROJECTION SCREEN 444 .With sound producer 445 .Acoustical 446 .Moving during projection 447 .Tracing (e.g., camera lucida, etc.) 448 .With lens (e.g., camera obscura, etc.) 449 .With reflector or additional screen 450 .Border, mask, shade, or curtain 451 .Curved 452 .Embedded particles 453 ..Rear projection screen 454 .Unitary sheet comprising plural refracting areas 455 ..Lenticular 456 ...Rear projection screen 457 ....With Fresnel lens 458 ...Stereoscopic imaging or three dimensional imaging 459 .Unitary sheet comprising plural reflecting areas 460 .Rear projection screen 461 .Roll up screen 462 STEREOSCOPIC 463 .Having record with lenticular surface 464 .With right and left channel discriminator (e.g., polarized or colored light) 465 ..Using polarized light 466 .Stereo-viewers 467 ..View changers 468 ...Picture moves linearly past viewing aperture 469 ....Using film strips 470 ..Compensates for camera position (e.g., plotting or mapping type) 471 ..Reflected line of sight 472 ...Pictures offset, transposed or have respective right or left sides adjacent 473 ..Ocular spacing or angle between ocular axes adjustable 474 ..Collapsible 475 ..Having illumination 476 ..Ocular to picture distance adjustable 477 ..Supporting, mounting, enclosing or light shielding structure 478 RELIEF ILLUSION 479 .Reflected line of sight 480 BINOCULAR DEVICES 481 .Binocular loupe type 482 .Reflected line of sight 483 POLARIZATION WITHOUT MODULATIONN 484 .Time invariant electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic field responsive (e.g., electro-optical, magneto-optical) 485 .Light polarization without any external input 486 ..By grid or dipoles 487 ..By reflection or refraction (e.g., Brewster angle) 488 ...With particular medium 489 ..Polarization (direction or magnitude) varies over surface of the medium (e.g., vectograph) 490 ..By dichroic medium 491 ...Stain or dye 492 ...Oriented particles 493 ..Glare prevention by discriminating against polarized light 494 ..By birefringent element 495 ...For beam deflection or splitting 496 ...Prisms 497 ...Using plural elements 498 ....Frequency filter or interference effects 499 ....Using compensation techniques 500 ...With particular material or mounting structure 501 ..By relatively adjustable superimposed or in series polarizers 502 ..With color filter 503 EXTENDED SPACING STRUCTURE FOR OPTICAL ELEMENTS 504 .Wide angle (e.g., door peep) 505 .With screen or reticle in real image plane 506 .Extension of tubular element adjustable 507 PROTECTION FROM MOISTURE OR FOREIGN PARTICLE 508 .Optical element rotates 509 .Fluid directed across optical element 510 .Microscope drape 511 .Cap or cover 512 .Humidity or temperature control 513 .Sealing 514 ..Mirror, prism or signal reflector 515 SIGNAL REFLECTOR 516 .Body carried 517 ..Worn by hand or wrist 518 ..Permanently fixed to clothing 519 ..Worn over clothing 520 .Moving 521 ..Pedal mounted 522 ..Rotating 523 ...Spoke mounted 524 ...Tire, wheel, valve stem, hub cap, or axle mounted 525 ...Wind driven 526 ..Vibration 527 .For a signal source remote from observer 528 .Light transmitting from source behind a reflector 529 .3-Corner retroreflective (i.e., cube corner, trihedral, or triple reflector type) 530 ..Unitary plate or sheet comprising plural reflecting elements 531 ...Mounted on roadway 532 ...Mounted adjacent roadway 533 ...Mounted on vehicle 534 .Including a curved refracting surface 535 ..Within individual indentations 536 ..Minute transparent spheres 537 ...Directional reflection (e.g., prevent viewing unless critical angle of light is used)) 538 ...On flexible substrate (e.g., flexible sheeting, bumper sticker, etc.) 539 ...Mixture in liquid binder (e.g., paint, resin) 540 ...Placed on top of binder (e.g., resin, asphalt, glue, etc.) 541 ....With single transparent coating between spheres and atmosphere 542 ..Plural refracting elements formed as a unitary mass 543 ..With individual reflector element mount 544 ...Including a snap, spring clip, or spring retainer 545 ...Including a threaded member 546 .Discrete reflecting elements formed as a unitary mass 547 ..Mounted on or adjacent roadway 548 ..Mounted on vehicle 549 .Rigidly mounted on vehicle 550 ..Bicycle or motorcycle 551 .Mounted on roadway 552 .Mounted adjacent roadway 553 .Emergency or temporary reflectors (i.e., portable self standing) 554 IMAGE STABILIZATION 555 .By movable reflective structure 556 ..Having plural reflecting surfaces 557 .By movable refractive structure 558 DIFFRACTION 559 .Using Fourier transform spatial filtering 560 ..For convolution (cross-correlation) 561 ..For correlation 562 ..For changing zeroth order intensity 563 ..With diffraction grating 564 ..With photographic media 565 .From zone plate 566 .From grating 567 ..For ornamental effect or display 568 ..For diffractive subtractive filtering 569 ..Including particular grating characteristic 570 ...Nonplanar grating substrate (e.g., concave) 571 ...Echelette or blazed grating 572 ...Reflection grating (e.g., retrodirective) 573 ...Variable grating 574 ...With curved or geometrically shaped corrugation 575 ...With nonuniform corrugation width, spacing, or depth 576 ...Laminated or layered 577 LIGHT INTERFERENCE 578 .Electrically or mechanically variable (e.g., tunable, adjustable) 579 ..By nonmovable driving element (e.g., piezoelectric, magnetostrictive) 580 .Produced by coating or lamina 581 ..By transmissive coating on lens 582 ..Layer having specified nonoptical property 583 ..Beam splitter or combiner 584 ..Reflector 585 ..Including metal or conductive layer 586 ..Layers having specified index of refraction 587 ...Plural layer groups lateral in parallel light paths 588 ...Filter having four or more layers 589 ..Selective wavelength transmission or reflection 590 ...Having another filterr 591 BUILDING INTERIOR ILLUMINATION WITH REFLECTED, REFRACTED OR PREDETERMINED ANGLE OF ENTRANCE OF OUTSIDE LIGHT 592 .Unitary light transmitting member comprising plural reflecting or refracting elements 593 ..Plural members in series 594 ..Elements on two sides of member 595 ..With internal reflections 596 .Slats or strips 597 .With reflection 598 ..Internal reflection in single optical element 599 DIFFUSING OF INCIDENT LIGHT 600 BARREL END EYE GUARD (E.G., SHIELD OR CUSHION, ETC.) 601 GLARE OR UNWANTED LIGHT REDUCTION 602 .With mirror (e.g., mirror with glare screen, etc.) 603 ..Anti-glare mirror 604 ...Adjustable 605 ....Plural reflecting surfaces 606 .....Prismoidal 607 .....Reversible 608 ....Translucent or other semitransmitting panel selectively positioned in front of mirror 609 .Display window 610 .With blind for nonviewing eye 611 .Barrel end or lens mount shade 612 ..Collapsible or foldable 613 .Directional or angular discrimination 614 .With absorption means 615 LIGHT DISPERSION 616 KALEIDOSCOPE 617 .Including particles loosely housed for agitation 618 SINGLE CHANNEL SIMULTANEOUSLY TO OR FROM PLURAL CHANNELS (E.G., LIGHT DIVIDING, COMBINING, OR PLURAL IMAGE FORMING, ETC.) 619 .By surface composed of lenticular elements 620 ..Having particular composition 621 ..Plural lenticular plates 622 ...Serially disposed along optic axis 623 ....Cylindrical lenslets 624 .....Having crossed axes 625 ..Focusing or defocusing by noncurved surfaces (e.g., prismatic, etc.) 626 ..Particular focusing or defocusing characteristic 627 ..Reflective 628 ..Noncircular cross section 629 .By partial reflection at beam splitting or combining surface 630 ..Superimposing visual information on observer's field of view (e.g., head-up arrangement, etc.) 631 ...Including curved reflector 632 ...Rotatable heads-up device or combiner 633 ...With additional reflector (e.g., serial reflections, etc.) 634 ..Wavelength selective (e.g., dichroic mirror, etc.) 635 ..Drawing or plotting aid 636 ..Including full reflection and transmission of a beam at different portions of a beam divider 637 ..With path length or aberration correcting element 638 ..With partial reflection at a surface of a prism 639 .By refraction at beam splitting or combining surface 640 ..Including prismatic element 641 COLLIMATING OF LIGHT BEAMM 642 LENS 643 .Eyepiece 644 ..Having four components 645 ..Having three components 646 ..Having two components 647 ..Having one component 648 .With field curvature shaping 649 ..Projection type 650 ...Having four components 651 ...Having less than four components 652 .With graded refractive index 653 ..Having an axial gradient 654 ..Having a radial gradient 655 ...In a variable media (e.g., gas, elastomer, etc.) 656 .Microscope objective 657 ..Having seven components 658 ..Having six components 659 ..Having five components 660 ..Having four components 661 ..Having less than four components 662 .High distortion lens (e.g., f0, etc.) 663 .Telecentric system 664 .Spherical 665 .Fluid 666 ..With variable magnification 667 ..With gas 668 .Anamorphic 669 ..With prism anamorphoser 670 ..Variable magnification anamorphoser 671 ..Having four or more components 672 .Selective magnification by exchanging or adding a lens component 673 ..To the front of a basic lens 674 ..To the middle of a basic lens 675 ..To the rear of a basic lens 676 .With variable magnification (e.g., zoom type ) 677 ..Optically compensated 678 ..Prism lens type 679 ..With fixed conjugates 680 ..Reverse telephoto 681 ...Having eight or nine components 682 ...Having seven or less components 683 ..With mechanical compensation 684 ...Other than first group moves for focusing (internal focus type) 685 ...Nonlinear variator/compensator movements 686 ...Four groups 687 ....+ - + + Arrangement 688 ....+ - - + Arrangement 689 ...Three groups 690 ....+ - + Arrangement 691 ...Two groups 692 ....+ - Arrangement 693 ...With macro-type focusing 694 ..Adjusting mechanism 695 ...Three or more movable lens groups 696 ...Motor driven 697 ....Condition responsivee 698 .....Auto focusing 699 ...Having cam device 700 ....Cam groove type 701 ....Cam ring type or zoom ring type 702 ...With adjustment lock 703 ...With specified mount 704 ....Having detail of barrel 705 ...With macro type focusing 706 ....With specific ring means 707 .Diffusing 708 .Including a nonspherical surface 709 ..Conical 710 ..Cylindrical 711 ..Toroidal 712 ..Paraboloidal 713 ..Having six components 714 ..Having five components 715 ..Having four components 716 ..Having three components 717 ..Having two components 718 ..Having one component 719 ...Objective for laser (e.g., optical disc, etc.) 720 .Asymmetric (e.g., prismatic or eccentric, etc.) 721 .Plural focal length 722 .Selective wavelength transmitting or blocking 723 ..With separate filter 724 .Annular zonal correcting 725 .Panoramic 726 .With reflecting element 727 ..Including concave or convex reflecting surface 728 ...With aspheric surface (e.g., Schmidt lens, etc.) 729 ....With concave and convex reflectors in series 730 ...Reflectors in series 731 ....With concave and convex reflectors in series 732 ..For producing a double pass 733 ..Multiple component lenses 734 ...Four components 735 ...Three components 736 ...Two components 737 .With diverse refracting element 738 .With light limiting or controlling means 739 ..Diaphragm 740 ...Between lens components 741 .With multipart element 742 ..Echelon (e.g., Fresnel lens, etc.) 743 ...Having curvilinear lens 744 .Afocal (e.g., Galilean telescopes, etc.) 745 .Telephoto 746 ..With five components 747 ..With four components 748 ..With less than four components 749 .Reverse telephoto 750 ..With eight components 751 ..With seven components 752 ..With six components 753 ..With five or less components 754 .Multiple component lenses 755 ..Seven componentss 756 ..Six components 757 ...First component positive 758 ....+ - + + - + Arrangement 759 ....First two components positive 760 .....+ + - - + + Arrangement 761 ...First component negative 762 ....First two components negative 763 ..Five components 764 ...First component positive 765 ....+ - - + + Arrangement 766 ....+ - + - + Arrangement 767 ....First two components positive 768 .....+ + - - + Arrangement 769 .....+ + - + + Arrangement 770 ...First component negative 771 ..Four components 772 ...First component positive 773 ....+ - + - Arrangement 774 ....+ - + + Arrangement 775 ....+ - - + Arrangement 776 .....With multiple element component 777 ......Infinite radius 778 ......Having a biconvex single element component 779 ....+ + - + Arrangement 780 ....+ + + - Arrangement 781 ...First component negative 782 ....- + + - Arrangement 783 ....- + + + Arrangement 784 ..Three components 785 ...+ - + Arrangement 786 ....With multiple element first component 787 ....With multiple element second component 788 ....With multiple element third component 789 ....With first component biconvex 790 ....With third component biconvex 791 ...+ + - Arrangement 792 ...+ + + Arrangement 793 ..Two components 794 ...+ + Arrangement 795 ...+ - Arrangement 796 .Single component with multiple elements 797 ..Three or more elements 798 .With viewed object or viewed field illumination 799 ..Illuminating beam coaxial with lens axis 800 ..Illumination through lens 801 ..With viewed object support 802 ..Magnifier 803 ...Hand held 804 .With viewed object support 805 ..On lens supporting handle 806 ..Relatively movable informatory sheet and lens (e.g., reading machine, etc.) 807 ..Flat opaque document or picture 808 .With lens casing 809 .Combined with diverse art tool, instrument or machine 810 ..Operation viewed through lens 811 .With support 812 ..With additional handlee 813 ..Lens movable in its plane 814 ...Electromagnetic motive power 815 ..Body or apparel attached or carried 816 ...Monocular loupe type 817 ..Foldable or collapsible 818 ..With clamp or grip 819 ..Lens mounts 820 ...With temperature compensation or control 821 ...Plural lenses in common carrier selectively operable (e.g., turret type, etc.) 822 ...Adjustable 823 ....With axial adjustment (e.g., adjustable focus, etc.) 824 .....Electromagnetic or piezoelectric drive 825 .....Focusing ring 826 .....Sliding barrels 827 ...Detachably attached (e.g., plate, barrel, etc.) 828 ....Bayonet coupling 829 ...With threads 830 ...With ring 831 PRISM (INCLUDING MOUNT) 832 .Fluid filled 833 .With reflecting surface 834 ..Plural reflecting surfaces 835 ...For binocular or porro-prism 836 ...Roof or roof-angle 837 .With refracting surface 838 MIRROR 839 .With a transmitting property 840 .Back to back 841 .Retractable vehicle mirror 842 .Mounted on vehicle having handlebars (e.g., bicycle, motorcycle, etc.) 843 .Automatically adjustable in response to vehicle position, control, or indicator 844 .On adjustable diverse vehicle portion or accessory 845 .Fluid cooled mirror 846 .Including specified control or retention of the shape of a mirror surface 847 ..Membrane mirror in mechanical contact only at its edge 848 ..With structure to minimize internal mirror stress 849 ..Including a plurality of adjustable mirror supports 850 .Plural mirrors or reflecting surfaces 851 ..Composite or echelon mirrors or light concentrating array 852 ...With a line focus 853 ...Light concentrating (e.g., heliostat, etc.), concave, or paraboloidal structure 854 ..Identical side mirrors adjustable with respect to a central mirror 855 ..Identical adjacent mirrors identically supported 856 ...With successive reflections 857 ..With successive reflections 858 ...Including curved mirror surfaces in series 859 ....With concave and convex mirrors in series 860 ...To view observer 861 ...With three or more successive reflections 862 ...Including an adjustable mirror 863 ....Including a curved mirror 864 ..Including adjacent plane and curved mirrorss 865 ..Relatively adjustable 866 ..Wide angle segmented mirrors 867 .Concave cylindrical or providing a line focus 868 .With mirror surface of varied radius 869 ..Concave 870 .Fracture resistant (e.g., shatterproof, etc.) 871 .With support 872 ..Mirror movable relative to support 873 ...With rotary to linear motion converting mirror adjustment 874 ....With rotation of mirror about perpendicular axes 875 ...With a rigid handle extending to or near a mirror pivot 876 ...With rotation of mirror about perpendicular axes 877 ...With switch or motor controlling mirror movement 878 ....Fluid pressure actuated 879 ...Body or apparel mirror support 880 ....Having support or apparel engaging head or neck 881 ...With mirror supporting column or sliding adjustment 882 ..With handle 883 ..Laminated or layered mirror support 884 .With selective absorption or transparent overcoating 885 ABSORPTION FILTER 886 .Fluid 887 .Sequentially additive 888 .Neutral or graded density 889 .Movable in or out of optical path 890 .Superimposed or series 891 .Filters in optical parallel (e.g., colors side-by-side, etc.) 892 .With support or frame 893 SCREEN (E.G., HALFTONE SCREEN, ETC.) 894 OPTICAL APERTURE OR TUBE, OR TRANSPARENT CLOSURE 895 .Submerged object viewer 896 MISCELLANEOUS * ****************************** * CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS * ****************************** 900 METHODS 901 ACOUSTIC HOLOGRAPHY 902 HOLOGRAPHIC INTERFEROMETER 903 WITH MAGNET