PTO Manual of Classification for US patents

PTO Manual of Classification for US patents

What follows are the subclasses from one class of the Manual of Classification for US patents. As you scroll through the list and encounter a class/subclass of interest, you can jump back to the top and retrieve patent titles by entering the class/subclass in the box below.


Enter a class/subclass code here to get a list of patent titles. Use any of the following forms:
363-131 121-55A 14-.5
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Class Number: 361
 Class Title: ELECTRICITY: ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS AND DEVICES

Subclass  Subclass
Number    Title

  1       SAFETY AND PROTECTION OF SYSTEMS AND DEVICES
  2       .Arc suppression at switching point (i.e., includes solid-state
            switch)
  3       ..Synchronized or sequential opening or closing
  4       ...Counter electromotive force
  5       ...With current sensitive control circuit
  6       ...With voltage sensitive control circuit
  7       ...With combined voltage and current sensitive control circuit
  8       ...Shunt bypass
  9       ....With sequentially inserted impedance
  10      ..By inserting series impedance
  11      ...Nonlinear impedance
  12      ...By arc stretching (e.g., horn gap)
  13      ..Shunt bypass of main switch
  14      ..Arc blowout for main breaker contact (e.g., electromagnet,
             gas, fluid, etc.)
  15      .Capacitor protection
  16      ..Series connected capacitors
  17      ..Shunt connected capacitors
  18      .Voltage regulator protective circuits
  19      .Superconductor protective circuits
  20      .Generator protective circuits
  21      ..Voltage responsive
  22      .Compressor protective circuits
  23      .Motor protective condition responsive circuits
  24      ..Current and temperature
  25      ..Motor temperature
  26      ...With bimetallic sensor
  27      ...With thermistor sensor
  28      ..With time delay
  29      ...During energization of motor
  30      ..Current and voltage
  31      ..Current
  32      ...Bimetallic element
  33      ..Voltage
  34      ...Bimetallic element
  35      .Transformer protection
  36      ..With differential sensing means
  37      ..With temperature or pressure sensing means
  38      ..Transformer with structurally combined protective device
  39      ...With lightning arrester and fuse
  40      ...With lightning arrester (e.g., spark gap)
  41      ...With fuse
  42      .Ground fault protection
  43      ..Fault suppression (e.g., Petersen coil)
  44      ..With differential sensing in a polyphase system
  45      ..With differential sensing in a single phase system
  46      ...With more than two wires
  47      ..In a polyphase system
  48      ...With more than three wires
  49      ..In a single phase system
  50      ...With more than two wiress
  51      .Overspeed responsive
  52      .By regulating source or load (e.g., generator field killed)
  53      ..Prime mover control
  54      .Load shunting by fault responsive means (e.g., crowbar
            circuit)
  55      ..Disconnect after shunting
  56      ..Voltage responsive
  57      ..Current responsive
  58      .Impedance insertion
  59      .Circuit automatically reconnected only after the fault is
            cleared
  60      ..With differential voltage comparison across the circuit
             interrupting means
  61      ..Reclosing of the nonfaulty phases of a polyphase system
  62      .Feeder protection in distribution networks
  63      ..With current responsive fault sensor
  64      ...With communication between feeder disconnect points
  65      ..With current and voltage responsive fault sensors
  66      ...With communication between feeder disconnect points
  67      .Series connected sections with faulty section disconnect
  68      ..With communication between disconnect points
  69      ...Pilot wire communication
  70      ..Constant current system
  71      .Automatic reclosing
  72      ..With lockout means
  73      ...Including timer reset before lockout
  74      ..Continuous
  75      ...With time delay before reclosing
  76      .With phase sequence network analyzer
  77      .Reverse phase responsive
  78      .With specific quantity comparison means
  79      ..Voltage and current
  80      ...Distance relaying
  81      ....With communication means between disconnect points
  82      ...Reverse energy responsive (e.g., directional)
  83      ...With time delay protective means
  84      ..Reverse energy responsive (e.g., directional)
  85      ..Phase
  86      ..Voltage
  87      ..Current
  88      .With specific voltage responsive fault sensor
  89      ..With time delay protective means
  90      ..Overvoltage and undervoltage
  91      ..Overvoltage
  92      ..Undervoltage
  93      .With specific current responsive fault sensor
  94      ..With time delay protective means
  95      ...With instantaneous override
  96      ....With multiple timing characteristics (e.g., short, long)
  97      ...With multiple timing characteristics
  98      ...Transistorized
  99      ...Combined thermal-electromagnetic relay
  100     ..With semiconductor circuit interrupter (e.g., SCR, Triac,
             Tunnel Diode, etc.)
  101     ...With transistor circuit interrupter
  102     ..With mechanical circuit breaker
  103     .Circuit interruption by thermal sensing
  104     ..With fusee
  105     ..With bimetallic element
  106     ..With thermistor
  107     .With specific transmission line (e.g., guarded)
  108     ..Plural conductors in single sheath (e.g., compound)
  109     .Too large fault makes breaker inoperative
  110     .Transient nonresponsive (e.g., ignores surge on transmission
            line)
  111     .Transient responsive
  112     .With space discharge means
  113     .With tuned circuit
  114     .With manual or automatic opening of breaker and manual reclose
  115     .With specific circuit breaker or control structure
  116     ..Pneumatically operated circuit breaker
  117     .High voltage dissipation (e.g., lightning arrester)
  118     ..Surge prevention (e.g., choke coil)
  119     ...In communication systems
  120     ..Vacuum or gas filled space discharge
  121     ..Fluid (e.g., mercury, quenching)
  122     ...Electrolytic
  123     ...Gas blast
  124     ..Thermal (e.g., fusible, bimetallic)
  125     ...With cutout (e.g., blowout type)
  126     ..Current limiting material in discharge path
  127     ...Nonlinear material (e.g., valve type)
  128     ....With plural gaps in discharge path
  129     ..Plural gaps with common electrode
  130     ..Plural gaps serially connected
  131     ..Combined (e.g., with disconnect switch)
  132     ...With line supporting insulator
  133     ..With magnetic means (e.g., electromagnet)
  134     ...Arc stretching (e.g., blowout)
  135     ....By separating contacts
  136     ...For grounding line
  137     ..Horn gap
  138     ...With resistance insertion
  139     CONTROL CIRCUITS FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVICES
  140     .Including compensation for thermal change of electromagnetic
            device
  141     .Including superconductivity
  142     .Including housing
  143     .Systems for magnetizing, demagnetizing, or controlling the
            magnetic field
  144     ..For lifting or holding
  145     ...Magnetic chuck-type
  146     ..Systems for magnetic field stabilization or compensation
  147     ..With permanent magnet
  148     ...Calibration or permanent magnet
  149     ..Demagnetizing
  150     ...Television degaussing
  151     ...Magnetic tape
  152     ..Including particular drive circuit
  153     ...Pulse initiated
  154     ...Including means to establish plural distinct current levels
              (e.g., high, low)
  155     ....With capacitor charging or discharging through coil
  156     ...With capacitor charging or discharging through coil
  157     .Including instrument (e.g., meter-relay)
  158     ..Temperature indicating instrumentt
  159     .Including means for using, or compensating for, the induced EMF
            of the electromagnetic device
  160     .For relays or solenoids
  161     ..Including thermal device
  162     ...Thermoelectric
  163     ...Bimetallic element
  164     ....Including heater
  165     ...Thermistor
  166     ..Plural relays or solenoids sequentially operated
  167     ...Alternately operated
  168.1   ...Pulse responsive
  169.1   ....Including electronic element
  170     ..Condition responsive (e.g., external circuit condition)
  171     ...Code responsive
  172     ....Including electronic element
  173     ...Light
  174     ....Light sensor controls its light path
  175     ....Including electronic element
  176     .....Plural light sensors
  177     ....Plural light sensors
  178     ...Fluid (e.g., liquid level, humidity)
  179     ...Proximity or contact
  180     ....Metal presence or absence responsive
  181     ....Capacitance change-type
  182     ...Frequency (e.g., audio, radio)
  183     ....Plural relays or solenoids as loads
  184     ....Specific frequency responsive relay
  185     ...Phase
  186     ...Pulse
  187     ...Voltage or current level discriminators
  188     ...Variable impedance
  189     ..Plural switches in control circuit
  190     ...Including electronic switch
  191     ..Plural relay or solenoid load selectively operated
  192     ...Including interlock
  193     ....Electronic interlock
  194     ..Holding means
  195     ..Time delay
  196     ...Including semiconductor device connected to timing element
  197     ....Threshold device (e.g., zener, schockley diode)
  198     .....Including three or more electrodes (e.g., unijunction)
  199     ...Including electric discharge device
  200     ....Threshold device (neon tube)
  201     .....Including thyratron
  202     ...Electromechanical delay means
  203     ..With oscillator
  204     ..With magnetic amplifier or saturable reactor
  205     ..Threshold device (e.g., SCR, thyratron)
  206     ..Particular relay or solenoid
  207     ...Electrostatic
  208     ...Polarized
  209     ...Alternating current type
  210     ...Plural coils
  211     CONTROL CIRCUITS FOR NONELECTROMAGNETIC TYPE RELAY (E.G.,
           THERMAL RELAYS)
  212     DISCHARGING OR PREVENTING ACCUMULATION OF ELECTRIC CHARGE (E.G.,
           STATIC ELECTRICITY)
  213     .By charged gas irradiationn
  214     .Of paper or paper handling machine
  215     .Of storage or hazardous area or fluid handling
  216     .Structurally combined with building or vehicle
  217     ..With external structure of vehicle
  218     ...Aircraft
  219     ...Chain-type grounding means
  220     .Specific conduction means or dissipator
  221     ..Brush- or roller-type structure
  222     ..Rod-type structure
  223     ..Shoe type
  224     ...Integral with shoe
  225     ELECTRIC CHARGING OF OBJECTS OR MATERIALS
  226     .Particulate matter (e.g., liquids with suspended particles)
  227     ..For spray production
  228     ...Liquid type
  229     .By charged gas irradiation
  230     ELECTRIC CHARGE GENERATING OR CONDUCTING MEANS (E.G., CHARGING
           OF GASES)
  231     .Modification of environmental electric charge
  232     .For application to living beings
  233     .Use of forces of electric charge or field
  234     ..Pinning
  235     .With specific power supply
  236     ELECTRICAL SPEED SIGNAL PROCESSING SYSTEMS
  237     .With centrifugal weight means
  238     .Antislip detection and circuitry
  239     .With speed analog electrical signal
  240     .Including frequency generators
  241     .Two position (e.g., on-off)
  242     .With speed comparison
  243     .Synchronization of shafts
  244     ..Phase comparison
  245     POLARITY REVERSING
  246     .Automatic
  247     IGNITING SYSTEMS
  248     .For explosive devices
  249     ..With sequential firing by electronic switching
  250     ..With sequential firing by mechanical switching
  251     ..With capacitor discharging into explosive device
  252     ..With electromechanical power source
  253     .For electric spark ignition
  254     ..With electromagnet control means
  255     ...Including spark electrode make-break
  256     ..With capacitor discharging into sparking transformer
  257     ..With capacitor discharge into spark gap
  258     ..With electromechanical generator
  259     ...With permanent magnet
  260     ...With piezoelectric element
  261     ..With mechanical arrangement for spark electrode make-break
  262     ..With one spark electrode which is hand held
  263     ..With spark coil or transformer
  264     .For incandescent ignition
  265     ..With electromagnet control means
  266     ..With helical heating element
  267     DEMAGNETIZING SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES
  268     TRANSFORMERS AND INDUCTORS WITH INTEGRAL SWITCH, CAPACITOR, OR
           LOCK (E.G., IGNITION COIL)
  269     .With lock for preventing unauthorized usee
  270     .With capacitor element
  271     ELECTROSTATIC CAPACITORS
  272     .With protection or compensating means
  273     ..Self-healing
  274.1   ..Temperature
  274.2   ...With fluid cooling means
  274.3   ...With heat sink
  275.1   ..For electrical irregularities
  275.2   ...With over-pressure breakaway fuse
  275.3   ...With resistance element
  275.4   ...With thermal fuse
  276     .Cryogenic
  277     .Variable
  278     ..With significant electrode or terminal feature
  279     ..Gas or vacuum dielectric
  280     ..Responsive to external condition
  281     ...Electrical
  282     ...Thermal
  283.1   ...Pressure
  283.2   ....By displacement of stylus or lever
  283.3   ....By differential capacitor
  283.4   ....By diaphragm
  284     ...Liquid level
  285     ...Fluid flow
  286     ...Humidity
  287     ..Mechanically variable
  288     ...Push button
  289     ...Motor driven
  290     ...By varying distance between electrodes
  291     ....Compression type
  292     ...By varying effective area of electrode
  293     ....Disk trimmer
  294     ....Direct travel piston type
  295     ....Piston trimmer
  296     ....Sliding plates
  297     ....Spiral or helical plates
  298.1   ....Rotary plates
  299.1   .....Plural capacitors
  299.2   ......Details of electrical connecting means (e.g.,
                 terminal or lead)
  299.3   ......Details of mounting means
  299.4   ......With adjustment means
  299.5   ......Details of insulator feature
  298.2   .....Details of plate feature
  298.3   .....Details of dielectric
  298.4   .....Details of electrical connecting means (e.g., terminal
                or lead)
  298.5   .....With adjustment means
  300     ...With controlling or indicating means
  301.1   .Fixed capacitor
  301.2   ..Special type (e.g., "bypass" type)
  301.3   ..Encapsulated
  301.4   ..Stack
  301.5   ..Wound
  302     ..Feed through
  303     ..Significant electrode feature
  304     ...Non-self-supporting electrodes
  305     ...Materiall
  306.1   ..Details of electrical connection means (e.g., terminal or
             lead)
  306.2   ...For decoupling type capacitor
  306.3   ...For multilayer capacitor
  307     ...Lead extends into body of capacitor
  308.1   ...Lead attached to edge of capacitor
  308.2   ....Cap
  308.3   ....Wire
  309     ....Metallized terminal
  310     ...Lead extends around at least a portion of capacitor
  311     ..Solid dielectric
  312     ...Plural dielectrics
  313     ....Layered
  314     ....Impregnated
  315     .....With specific impregnant
  316     ......Including wax
  317     ......Including halogen (e.g., chlorinated)
  318     .......With stabilizer or modifying substance
  319     .....With stabilizer or modifying substance
  320     ....Ceramic and glass
  321.1   ...Ceramic, glass, or oxide particles
  321.2   ....With multilayer ceramic capacitor
  321.3   .....Including metallization coating
  321.4   .....Composition
  321.5   ....Composition
  321.6   ....With tubular capacitor
  322     ....Oxide film
  323     ...Plastic
  324     ...Fibrous or fabric (e.g., paper, etc.)
  325     ...Mica
  326     ..Vacuum or gas dielectric
  327     ..Liquid dielectric
  328     ..Multiple capacitors
  329     ...Distinct physically
  330     ...Shared electrode
  600     HOUSING OR MOUNTING ASSEMBLIES WITH DIVERSE ELECTRICAL
           COMPONENTS
  601     .For electrical power distribution systems and devices
  602     ..Distribution station (i.e., substation)
  603     ...Having transformer
  604     ...Gas insulated
  605     ..Electrical switchgear
  606     ...Truck type
  607     ....With interlock
  608     ...Drawer type
  609     ....With interlock
  610     ...Pivoted support means
  611     ...Busbar arrangements
  612     ....Gas insulated
  613     ....Liquid insulated
  614     ....With plural removable control units in housing
  615     ...With interlock
  616     ....Door or cover type
  617     ....Shutter type
  618     ...Gas insulated
  619     ...Having gas circuit breaker
  620     ...Having transformer
  621     ...Having isolating switchh
  622     ..Distribution or control unit
  623     ...Having transformer
  624     ...Having busbar arrangement
  625     ...Portable
  626     ...Having fuse or relay
  627     ..Distribution or control panel board
  628     ...With switches and fuses
  629     ....Unit block
  630     ...With fuses
  631     ...With switches
  632     ....With switch actuating arrangements
  633     ...Plugboards
  634     ...With circuit breaker arrangements
  635     ....With discriminating means
  636     ....Plug-in or removable
  637     ...Busbar or conductor arrangements
  638     ....U-shaped member
  639     ....With horizontal busbar
  640     ....With removable or plug-in connection
  641     ..Electrical service distribution box
  642     ...With fuse
  643     ...With switch
  644     ...Including panel board
  645     ....Adjustable panel
  646     ....With fuse support means
  647     ....With switch support means
  648     ....Busbar arrangements
  649     .....U-shaped member
  650     .....Spaced parallel relationship
  651     ....Panel board corner mountings
  652     ....Circuit breaker supporting arrangements
  653     .....With discriminating means
  654     .....With tamper prevention means
  655     .....Having two row arrangement
  656     .....With plug-in circuit breakers
  657     ...With removable member
  658     ...With plastic enclosure or support
  659     ..For electricity service meter
  660     ...Plural
  661     ...With meter circuit controller
  662     ....Bypass arrangement
  663     ....With transformer or circuit breaker
  664     ...Meter mounting arrangements
  665     ....Adaptable meter supports
  666     ....Retractable or detachable meter support
  667     ....Removable cover
  668     ...Meter terminal and connector arrangements
  669     ....Terminal block
  670     ....Contact blade receiving structure
  671     ....Adjustable or adaptable contacts
  672     ...Tamper resistant
  673     ..Circuit breaker supporting means (i.e., attaching, mounting,
             etc.)
  674     ..For ballast elements
  675     ..Bus duct
  676     ..With cooling means
  677     ...Fluid
  678     ....Airr
  679     .For electronic systems and devices
  680     ..Including keyboard support
  681     ..Including display support
  682     ...CRT support
  683     ..Computer related support
  684     ...Memory unit support
  685     ....Disk drive support
  686     ...Input/output device support
  687     ...With cooling means
  688     ..With cooling means
  689     ...Fluid
  690     ....Air
  691     .....Pressurized or conditioned
  692     .....Plural Openings
  693     ......Circular
  694     .....With air circulating means
  695     ......Fan or blower
  696     .......With heat exchanger unit
  697     .......With heat sink or cooling fins
  698     .....And liquid
  699     ....Liquid
  700     .....Change of physical state
  701     ....With heat exchanger unit
  702     ....With cold plate or heat sink
  703     ....With cooling fins
  704     ...Thermal conduction
  705     ....By specific coating
  706     .....Containing silicon or aluminum
  707     ....Through support means
  708     .....Specific chemical compound or element
  709     .....Heat sink
  710     ......Details
  711     ......Cooling plate or bar
  712     .....Thermally and electrically conductive
  713     .....Electrically insulating thermally conductive
  714     ....Through component housing
  715     ....For module
  716     .....Plural
  717     ....For active solid state devices
  718     .....For integrated circuit
  719     ......Circuit board mounted
  720     ....For printed circuit board
  721     .....Plural
  722     ....For electronic circuit
  723     ....For lead frame
  724     ..Cabinet-type housing
  725     ...With retractable or readily detachable chassis
  726     ....With locking means or device
  727     ....Sliding component or commpartment
  728     ..Module
  729     ...Plural
  730     ....With housing
  731     .....Interchangeable
  732     .....Having lock or interlock
  733     .....Selective connections
  734     ....With coupling or decoupling capacitor
  735     ....Stacked
  736     ...With printed circuit boardss
  737     ....IC card or card member
  738     ....With resistor and capacitor
  739     ....With particular material
  740     ....With locking means or device
  741     ....Guiding means
  742     ....With spacer
  743     ....Solder connection
  744     ....Cordwood type
  745     .....Welded connection
  746     ...With specific dielectric material or layer
  747     ...With locking means or device
  748     ..Printed circuit board
  749     ...Flexible board
  750     ....With specific dielectric material or layer
  751     ....With particular conductive material or coating
  752     ...With housing or chassis
  753     ....Specific chassis or ground
  754     ....With ejector means
  755     ....Rotatable
  756     ....Guiding means
  757     ....With particular material
  758     ....With spacer
  759     ....With lock or interlock
  760     ...Connection of components to board
  761     ....Component within printed circuit board
  762     .....With specific dielectric material or layer
  763     .....Capacitor and electrical component
  764     .....Integrated circuit
  765     ....By direct coating of components on board
  766     .....Capacitor and resistor
  767     ....With mounting pad
  768     .....Having leadless component
  769     .....Having spring member
  770     .....Having spacer
  771     .....Having particular material
  772     ....With specific lead configuration
  773     .....Shaped lead on components
  774     .....Shaped lead on board
  775     .....Busbar
  776     .....Flexible connecting lead
  777     ....By specific pattern on board
  778     .....Cross-connected
  779     .....With specific connection material
  780     ....Different voltage layers
  781     ....With switch
  782     ....Having passive component
  783     ....Having semiconductive device
  784     ...Plural
  785     ....With separable connector or socket means
  786     .....Having key connection
  787     .....Having spring member
  788     .....Having backplane connection
  789     .....Having flexible connector
  790     .....Stacked
  791     .....Multiple contact pins
  792     ....Plural contiguous boards
  793     .....Thick film component or material
  794     .....Power, voltage, or current layerr
  795     .....Plural dielectric layers
  796     ....With housing or chassis
  797     .....Storage or file cabinet
  798     .....With ejector or extractor
  799     .....Grounding Construction or Detail
  800     .....With Shielding Structure
  801     .....Specific latching or retaining device
  802     .....Specific alignment or guide means
  803     ....Interconnection details
  804     ....Spacer details
  805     ..Matrix assembly
  806     ...Diode
  807     ..Component mounting or support means
  808     ...Mounting pad
  809     ...With discrete structure or support
  810     ...Plural mounting or support
  811     ...With passive components
  812     ...With particular insulation
  813     ..Lead frame
  814     ..Radio type
  815     ...Tube mounting
  816     ..Shielding
  817     ...For electronic tube
  818     ...EMI
  819     ..For relay
  820     ..For semiconductor device
  821     ..For capacitor and inductor
  822     .Contact banks
  823     .Terminal block
  824     ..With protective device or unit
  825     .Support brackets
  826     .Wire distribution (e.g., harness, rack, etc.)
  827     ..With interconnecting cable
  828     ..With switchboard or switch
  829     .Frame
  830     ..With plurality of capacitors
  831     ..With cooling means
  832     ..With switchboard or switch
  833     .Fuse block
  834     ..Plural
  835     .Fuse pullout device
  836     .For transformer
  837     .For switch or fuse
  500     ELECTROLYTIC SYSTEMS OR DEVICES
  501     .Coulometer (i.e., electrochemical timer)
  502     .Double layer electrolytic capacitor
  503     .Liquid electrolytic capacitor
  504     ..With significant electrolyte
  505     ...Salt solute
  506     ...Ethylene glycol
  507     ...With depolarizer
  508     ..Anode type electrode
  509     ...Aluminum or tantalum
  510     ...Anode riser
  511     ...Wound
  512     ....With separator
  513     ....With mounting means (e.g., anchoring means or clamping)
  514     ....With heat conductor (e.g., heat sink))
  515     ....With common conductor (e.g., stripline)
  516     ..Cathode type electrode (e.g., cathode casing)
  517     ..Casing
  518     ...With hermetic seal
  519     ...With header, cover, or endseal
  520     ....Significant electrical connection means (e.g., terminals or
               leads)
  521     ...With vent means
  522     ..Multiple capacitors
  523     .Solid electrolytic capacitor (e.g., dry electrolytic
            capacitor)
  524     ..Dielectric
  525     ..With significant electrolyte or semiconductor
  526     ...Paste or gel
  527     ...Organic salt (e.g., TCNQ)
  528     ..Anode type electrode
  529     ...Aluminum or tantalum
  530     ...Wound
  531     ....With lead conductor
  532     ..Cathode type electrode
  533     ...With significant lead
  534     ..With protection means
  535     ..Casing
  536     ...With hermetic seal
  537     ...With header, cover, or endseal
  538     ....Significant electrical connection means (e.g., terminals or
               leads)
  539     ....With potting
  540     ..With terminal
  541     ..Multiple capacitors
  434     .Systems (e.g., plural cells, standby exciting voltage)
  435     .Current interruption type (e.g., circuit breaker, D.C.-to-pulse
            converters)
  436     .Rectifiers
  437     MISCELLANEOUS