What follows are the subclasses from one class of the Manual of Classification for US patents. As you scroll through the list and encounter a class/subclass of interest, you can jump back to the top and retrieve patent titles by entering the class/subclass in the box below.
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363-131 121-55A 14-.5
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Class Number: 374
Class Title: THERMAL MEASURING AND TESTING
Subclass Subclass
Number Title
1 THERMAL CALIBRATION SYSTEM
2 .By thermal radiation emitting device (e.g., blackbody cavity)
3 .By immersion in liquid having controlled temperature
4 LEAK OR FLAW DETECTION
5 .With heating or cooling of specimen for test
6 DISTANCE OR ANGLE
7 .Thickness, erosion, or deposition
8 FLAMMABILITY TESTING
9 EMISSIVITY DETERMINATION
10 DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS
11 .Detail of electrical heating control
12 .Detail of sample holder or support therefor
13 ..Formed by thermoelectric element
14 THERMAL GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS
15 BY APPLYING KNOWN THERMAL GRADIENT (E.G., INDICATION OF RESPONSE
BY LOCATION)
16 TRANSFORMATION POINT DETERMINATION (E.G., DEW POINT, BOILING
POINT)
17 .By change in optical property (e.g., transmission)
18 ..By reflection (e.g., polished surface)
19 ...Sensed by instrument (e.g., photocell)
20 ....Controlling heating or cooling
21 .By electrical condition of specimen
22 .By change in motion of movable element
23 ..Driven element
24 .By change in pressure of flow rate
25 .By thermal arrest (e.g., time-temperature curve)
26 ..Of molten metal (e.g., carbon content)
27 .Between gaseous and liquid states
28 ..Dew point
29 HEAT FLUX MEASUREMENT
30 .By differential temperature measurement along undisturbed
thermal gradient
31 CALORIMETRY
32 .Total radiant energy or power measurement
33 .With control of heat added to or lost from a sample container
(e.g., isothermal calorimetry)
34 ..With controlled adiabatic shield
35 .Heat absorbing heigh temperature gas probe (e.g., enthalpy or
fluid cooled probe)
36 .Heat value of combustion (e.g., 'calorific value')
37 ..Having specified control of input of mixture
38 ..Having bomb or cartridge ignition chamber
39 .Gain or loss of heat by heat utilizing load in path of heat
exchange fluid
40 ..Determined by combining flow rate and temperature signals of
heat exchange fluid
41 ...Signals combined electrically
42 .Throttling calorimeter (e.g., steam quality)
43 DETERMINATION OF INHERENT THERMAL PROPERTY (E.G., HEAT FLOW
COEFFICIENT)
44 .Thermal conductivityy
45 THERMAL TESTING OF A NONTHERMAL QUANTITY
46 .With loading of specimen (e.g., stress or strain)
47 ..Cyclic
48 ...Torsional
49 ..Tensile
50 ...With detail of heating or cooling structure
51 ..Compressional
52 ..Bending or flexing
53 .Of cure or hardenability
54 .Of fluid volume
55 .Expansion or contraction characteristics (e.g., dilatometry)
56 ..Including electrical sensor
57 .Of susceptibility to thermally induced deteriouration, flaw, or
failure
100 TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT (E.G., THERMOMETER)
101 .Composite temperature-related paramenter
102 ..Time-temperature relationship (e.g., integral, deterioration,
change)
103 ...Time-temperature integration performed by particular circuit
arrangement
104 ...Peak (maximum or minimum) with respect to time
105 ....Indicating tube with sensing material return prevention
106 ....Permanent visual indication (i.e., irreversible)
107 ...Rate of change
108 ...Degree-days
109 ..Climate related (e.g., wind-chill factor, discomfort index)
110 ..Plural spaced temperature function
111 ...Highest or lowest of spaced temperatures
112 ...Difference or gradient
113 ....By thermoelements connected in series opposition
114 ....By current modifying elements in circuit (e.g., bridge)
115 ...Space average
116 ...By single sensor (e.g., elongate or with plural fluid
intakes)
117 .By a vibratory effect (e.g., resonant frequency, acoustical)
118 ..Resonant frequency by fluid flow
119 ..Vibration velocity (e.g., echo timing)
120 .In spaced noncontact relationship to specimen
121 ..By thermally emitted radiation
122 ...By microwave arrangement
123 ...Transparent material measurement or compensation (e.g.,
spectral line, gas, particulate suspension
124 ...With scanning or temperature distribution display
125 ...With fluid flow purging device
126 ...Having emissivity compensating or specified radiating
surface
127 ...Having significant frequency limitation or relationship
(e.g., peak, ratio)
128 ...Having significant signal handling circuitry (e.g.,
linearizing, emissivity compensation)
129 ...Comparison with radiation reference standard
130 ...Optical system structure (e.g., lens)
131 ....With radiation conducting element
132 ...Sensor or mounting temperature control
133 ...Ambient temperature compensated (e.g., dummy sensor)
134 ..Extrapolation (e.g., simulation, heat flow)
135 ..By fluid flow within or to sensor (e.g., convection, heat
transfer, differential pressure))
136 .Geophysical (e.g., well bore, underwater)
137 .Temperature distribution or profile
138 .With fluid flow deflector
139 .Of molten metal
140 ..Lance (e.g., consumable)
141 .Combined with diverse art device
142 ..With other measuring device
143 ...Pressure
144 ..With combustion engine
145 ...Cooling system
146 ....Radiator cap mounted thermometer
147 ..With fluid carrying conduit (e.g., shower pipe)
148 ...Sensor within conduit
149 ..With cooking compartment or door thereof (e.g., oven)
150 ..With bottle (e.g., nursing)
151 ..With confection or infant pacifier
152 ..With electrical component (e.g., transformer)
153 ..With roll or rotary specimen or support
154 ...With coupling between rotating sensor and stationary
electrical circuitry
155 ..With percing element
156 ..With float
157 ..With sampling cup
158 .With removable cover for sensor (e.g., disposable sheath)
159 .Nonelectrical, nonmagnetic, or nonmechanical temperature
responsive property
160 ..Melting or softening
161 ..Change of optical property
162 ...Color
163 .By electrical or magnetic heat sensor
164 ..With preheated sensing probe
165 ..With heat exchanger or conductor
166 ..At plural zones
167 ...Scanning
168 ..With self-rebalancing arrangement (e.g., servo-potentiometer,
thermal link)
169 ..With thermal lag compensation
170 ..Digital output
171 ...With digital linearizing circuitry
172 ..With compensation for sensor nonlinearity or lead impedance
173 ...By feedback in amplifier circuit or with constant current
source in circuit
174 ..By conductive fluid or work function within sensor (e.g.,
ionization)
175 ..Thermal noise generated in conductor
176 ..Including sensor having hysteresis or cryogenic property
(e.g., ferromagnetism, superconductivity)
177 ...Ferroelectric
178 ..By barrier layer sensing element (e.g., semiconductor
junction)
179 ..By thermoelectric potential generator (e.g., thermocouple)
180 ...Specimen is part of thermoelectric circuit
181 ...Reference junction compensation
182 ...Reference junction temperature control
183 ..By current modifying sensor
184 ...Reactive element (e.g., capacitive)
185 ...Detail of resistive sensor
186 .With specified recording arrangementt
187 .Mechanical (e.g., expansion or contraction of materials)
188 ..Having electrical indication
189 ..Plural zones (e.g., indoor-outdoor)
190 ..Indicating tube type
191 ...With optical element (e.g., magnifying)
192 ...With holder for shaking
193 ...Having specified cross section
194 ...With support or housing
195 ..With detail of motion transmitting mechanism
196 ..One sensing element within another
197 ..With compensation
198 ..With adjustment
199 ...Mechanical loading of sensor
200 ...Adjustment of limit stop
201 ..Expanding fluid
202 ...With distinct pressure transmitting fluid
203 ...Bourdon tube or bellows
204 ..Multiple distinct sensing elements
205 ..Compound sensing element (e.g., bimetallic)
206 ...Coil
207 ....Helix
208 HOUSING, SUPPORT, OR ADJUNCT
209 .Removable probe cover
210 MISCELLANEOUS