PTO Manual of Classification for US patents

PTO Manual of Classification for US patents

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Class Number: 540
 Class Title: ORGANIC COMPOUNDS -- PART OF THE CLASS 532-570 SERIES

Subclass  Subclass
Number    Title

  *       ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (Class 532, Subclass 1)
  1       .HETEROCYCLIC CARBON COMPOUNDS CONTAINING A HETERO RING HAVING
            CHALCOGEN (I.E., OXYGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM) OR
            NITROGEN AS THE ONLY RING HETERO ATOMS
  2       ..Cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system containing
  3       ...Heavy metal or aluminum containing
  4       ...Boron or silicon containing
  5       ...Phosphorus attached directly or indirectly to the
              cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system by nonionic
              bonding
  6       ...Spiro
  7       ....Plural spiro atoms
  8       .....The cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system is part of a
                polycyclo ring system having at least five cyclos
  9       ......Nitrogen containing hetero ring as one of the cyclos of
                 the polycyclo ring system
  10      .....The cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system shares spiro
                atoms with two hetero rings, each of which contains two
                oxygens (e.g., 3,17-bis-ketals, etc.)
  11      .....The cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system shares a
                spiro atom with a lactone ring (i.e., -C(=X)-O- is part of
                the ring, wherein X is chalcogen)
  12      .....Plural oxygens in both rings which share a spiro atom
                (e.g., 17,20;20,21 bismethylenedioxy-pregnanes, etc.)
  13      ......Nitrogen, sulfur, cyano or -C(=X)-, wherein X is
                 chalcogen, bonded directly to the
                 cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  14      ......Halogen attached directly or indirectly to the
                 cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system by acyclic
                 nonionic bonding
  15      ....The cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system is part of a
               polycyclo ring system having at least five cyclos
  16      .....Hetero ring is one of the cyclos of the polycyclo ring
                system
  17      ......The hetero ring is five-membered, consisting of one oxygen
                 and four carbons, and shares the spiro atom with a
                 six-membered oxygen containing hetero ring (e.g.,
                 sapogenins, etc.)
  18      .......Purification or recovery
  19      .......Chalcogen bonded directly at the 12-position of the
                  cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system (e.g.,
                  hecogenin, etc.)
  20      .......Chalcogen bonded directly at the 11-position of the
                  cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  21      ........Chalcogen bonded directly at the 7-position of the
                   cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  22      .......Halogen, cyano, nitrogen or sulfur bonded directly to the
                  cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  23      ......The spiro atom is the 17-position carbon of the
                 cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  24      ......The hetero ring shares the 11,12,13-positions of the
                 cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system (i.e., bridged;;
                 e.g., 11,18-oxido steroids, etc.)
  25      ......The hetero ring is three-membered consisting of one oxygen
                 and two carbons (e.g., oxirane, etc.)
  26      .......The hetero ring shares the 5,6-positions of the
                  cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  27      ......The hetero ring contains two chalcogens which are bonded
                 directly at the 16 and 17-positions of the
                 cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  28      ....The spiro includes the cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring
               system and a hetero ring
  29      .....Nitrogen in the spiro hetero ring
  30      .....Sulfur in the spiro hetero ring
  31      .....Plural oxygens in the spiro hetero ring
  32      ......The A ring is a benzene ring
  33      ......Chalcogen bonded directly to the spiro hetero ring
  34      ......The spiro hetero ring shares the 3-position carbon of the
                 cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  35      .......Halogen bonded directly to the
                  cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  36      .......Nitrogen attached directly or indirectly to the
                  cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system by nonionic
                  bonding
  37      .......Plural cyclic ketal rings containing (e.g.,
                  3,20-bis-ketals, etc.)
  38      .......Chalcogen bonded directly at the 11-position of the
                  cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  39      .......The cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system is fully
                  saturated
  40      .......Carbon chain having carbon-to-carbon unsaturation bonded
                  directly at the 17 position of the
                  cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  41      .....The spiro hetero ring contains -C(=X)-O-, wherein X is
                chalcogen, as part of the ring (e.g., spiro-lactones,
                etc.)
  42      ......Sulfur bonded directly to the
                 cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  43      ......Chalcogen bonded directly at the 11-position of the
                 cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  44      ......Chalcogen, halogen, or nitrogen attached indirectly to the
                 cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system by acyclic
                 nonionic bonding
  45      .....The spiro hetero ring is four-membered consisting of one
                oxygen and three carbons
  46      .....The spiro hetero ring is three-membered consisting of one
                oxygen and two carbons (e.g., oxirane, etc.)
  47      ...The cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system is part of a
              polycyclo ring system having at least five cyclos
  48      ....Hetero ring is one of the cyclos of the polycyclo ring
               system
  49      .....The hetero ring contains nitrogen
  50      ......Plural nitrogens in the hetero ring
  51      .......The hetero ring is five-membered
  52      ........The hetero ring consists of two nitrogens and three
                   carbons and is ortho fused to the A ring
  53      .........Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly
                    at the 17-position of the cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene
                    ring system
  54      ........The hetero ring consists of two nitrogens and threee
                   carbons and is ortho fused to the D ring
  55      ......Chalcogen in the hetero ring
  56      .......The hetero ring is five-membered
  57      ........The hetero ring is ortho-fused to the A ring
  58      ......The hetero ring is five-membered
  59      .....The hetero ring contains sulfur
  60      .....The hetero ring is a cyclic anhydride (i.e., containing
                -C(=X)-O-C(=Y)- as part of the ring, wherein X and Y are
                chalcogen; e.g., 5,8-maleic anhydride adduct of
                5,7,9(11)-pregnatrien-3,20-di-one, etc.)
  61      .....The hetero ring contains plural oxygens
  62      ......Two of the cyclos share at least three ring members or a
                 ring carbon is shared by three of the cyclos (e.g.,
                 bridged, peri-fused, etc.)
  63      ......The hetero ring is ortho-fused to the D ring
  64      .......At least six cyclos in the polycyclo ring system
  65      .......Nitrogen or acyclic chalcogen bonded directly to the
                  hetero ring (e.g., cyclic carbonates, etc.)
  66      .......The A ring is a benzene ring
  67      .......Sulfur or nitrogen attached directly or indirectly to the
                  cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system by acyclic
                  nonionic bonding
  68      .......Halogen attached indirectly to the
                  cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system by acyclic
                  nonionic bonding
  69      .......Halogen bonded directly to the
                  cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  70      ........Oxygen bonded directly at the 11-position of the
                   cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  71      .......Oxygen attached directly to the B ring or indirectly to
                  the A or B ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
  72      .....The hetero ring is a lactone (i.e., containing -C(=X)-O- as
                part of the ring, wherein X is chalcogen)
  73      ......The lactone ring shares at least three ring members with
                 one other cyclo of the polycylo ring system (i.e.,
                 bridged)
  74      .......The lactone ring shares the 11,12,13-positions of the
                  cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system (e.g., 11,
                  18-lactones, etc.)
  75      ......The lactone ring shares a ring carbon with two other
                 cyclos of the polycyclo ring system (e.g., peri-fused,
                 etc.)
  76      .....The hetero ring is three-membered consisting of one oxygen
                and two carbons (e.g., oxirane, etc.)
  77      ......The polycyclo ring system contains plural oxirane rings
  78      ......The hetero ring shares the 1,2-positions of the
                 cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  79      ......The hetero ring shares the 4,5-positions of the
                 cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  80      ......The hetero ring shares the 5,6-positions of the
                 cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  81      ......The hetero ring shares the 6,7-positions of the
                 cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  82      ......The hetero ring shares the 11,12-positions of the
                 cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  83      ......The hetero ring shares the 14,15-positions of the
                 cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  84      ......The hetero ring shares the 16,17-positions of thee
                 cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  85      .......Halogen bonded directly to the
                  cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  86      .......Saturated A ring
  87      ......The hetero ring shares the 9,11-positions of the
                 cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  88      .......Halogen bonded directly to the
                  cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  89      .......Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly
                  to the cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  90      .....The hetero ring shares at least three ring members with one
                other cyclo of the polycyclo ring system (i.e., bridged)
  91      ......Bridge consisting of oxygen and carbon between the 6- and
                 10-positions of the cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring
                 system (e.g., 6,19-oxido steroids, etc.)
  92      ......Bridge consisting of oxygen and carbon between the 11- and
                 13-positions of the cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring
                 system (e.g., 11,18-oxido steroids, etc.)
  93      .....The hetero ring shares a ring carbon with two other cyclos
                of the polycyclo ring system (e.g., peri-fused, etc.)
  94      ...Hetero ring attached directly to the
              cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system by nonionic
              bonding
  95      ....The hetero ring contains nitrogen
  96      .....Plural nitrogen containing hetero rings bonded directly to
                the cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  97      .....The hetero ring is bonded directly at the 3-position of the
                cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  98      ......The A ring is a benzene ring
  99      ......Halogen bonded directly to the
                 cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  100     ....The hetero ring contains plural chalcogens
  101     .....The hetero ring and acyclic chalcogen are both bonded
                directly at the 17 position of the
                cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  102     ....The hetero ring contains -C(=X)-O-, wherein X is chalcogen,
               as part of the ring (e.g., lactones, etc.)
  103     .....Additional chalcogen, cyano, or -C(=X)-, wherein X is
                chalcogen, bonded directly to the hetero ring
  104     .....Nitrogen or sulfur attached directly or indirectly to the
                cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system by nonionic
                bonding
  105     .....Chalcogen bonded directly at the 14-position of the
                cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system or double bond in
                the D ring (e.g., cardenolides, etc.)
  106     ...Nitrogen attached directly to the
              cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system by nonionic
              bonding
  107     ...Nitrogen containing hetero ring attached indirectly to the
              cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system by nonionic
              bonding
  108     ....The hetero ring is five-membered and has plural hetero
               atoms
  109     ....The hetero ring is in the 17-position substituent of the
               cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  110     .....The hetero ring is bonded directly to a -C(=X)- group,
                wherein X is chalcogen
  111     .....Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly att
                the 17-position of the cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring
                system
  112     .....Chalcogen or nitrogen in chain between the hetero ring and
                the cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  113     ....Chalcogen in chain between the hetero ring and the
               cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  114     ...Oxygen containing hetero ring attached indirectly to the
              cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system by nonionic
              bonding
  115     ....The hetero ring contains -C(=X)-O-, wherein X is chalcogen,
               as part of the ring (e.g., lactones, etc.)
  116     ....Additional hetero atom in the oxygen containing hetero ring
  117     ....The A ring is a benzene ring
  118     ....The hetero ring is bonded directly to chalcogen which is
               bonded directly to the cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring
               system
  119     .....The chalcogen is bonded directly at the 17-position of the
                cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system
  120     ...Chalcogen attached indirectly to the
              cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring system by nonionic
              bonding
  121     ..Azaporphyrins
  122     ...Phthalocyanines
  123     ....Hetero ring attached directly or indirectly to the
               phthalocyanine ring system by nonionic bonding
  124     .....The hetero ring is six-membered having nitrogen as a ring
                member
  125     ......Plural hetero atoms in the six-membered hetero ring
  126     .......Triazines (including hydrogenated)
  127     .....The hetero ring is five-membered having plural hetero
                atoms, at least one of which is nitrogen
  128     ....Boron, germanium, phosphorus or silicon containing
  129     ....Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to
               ring carbon of the phthalocyanine ring system (e.g.,
               tetracarboxy copper phthalocyanine, etc.)
  130     ....Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached indirectly
               to ring carbon of the phthalocyanine ring system by nonionic
               bonding (e.g., phthalocyanine acetic acids, etc.)
  131     ....Sulfonyl bonded directly to ring carbon of the
               phthalocyanine ring system
  132     .....Chalcogen bonded directly to the sulfonyl group
  133     .....Nitrogen bonded directly to the sulfonyl group
  134     ......Additional nitrogen in the sulfonyl containing
                 substituent
  135     ....Nitrogen attached indirectly to ring carbon of the
               phthalocyanine ring system by acyclic nonionic bonding
  136     ....Halogen bonded directly to ring carbon of the phthalocyanine
               ring system
  137     .....At least eight halogens bonded directly to ring carbons of
                the phthalocyanine ring system
  138     .....Processes of halogenating the phthalocyanine ring system
  139     ....Metal containing
  140     .....Heavy metal or aluminum containing
  141     ......Specified crystalline form or processes of milling (e.g.,
                 alpha crystalline form, ball milling, acid milling, etc.)
  142     ......Processes of forming the phthalocyanine ring system
  143     .......From reactant which contains plural cyano groups (e.g.,
                  preparing from phthalonitrile, etc.))
  144     .......From reactant which contains plural carbonyl groups
                  (e.g., preparing from phthalic anhydride, etc.)
  145     ..Porphyrins (including hydrogenated; e.g., chlorophyll, etc.)
  200     ..Hetero ring is four-membered containing nitrogen and having
             chalcogen double bonded directly to a ring carbon which is
             adjacent to the ring nitrogen
  201     ...Heavy metal containing
  202     ...Plural hetero atoms in the hetero ring
  203     ...Polycyclo ring system containing the hetero ring as one of
              the cyclos
  204     ....The ring nitrogen is shared by a ring containing at least
               seven members
  205     ....The ring nitrogen is shared by a six-membered ring
  214     .....The six-membered ring contains sulfur
  215     ......1-thia-5-aza-bicyclo(4.2.0)octane (including unsaturated;
                 e.g., cepham, etc.)
  216     .......The 1-thia-5-aza-bicyclo(4.2.0)oct-ane is part of a
                  polycyclo ring system having at least three cyclos
  217     .......Double bond between the 2,3-positions of the bicyclo ring
                  system (e.g., 2 cephem, etc.)
  218     .......Ring expansion to produce the bicyclo ring system
  219     .......7-amino cephalosporanic acid per se or salt thereof
                  (i.e., 7-ACA or salt thereof)
  220     .......Purification or recovery
  221     .......7,7-disubstituted
  222     .......Additional hetero ring containing
  223     ........2- or 4-position substituent contains hetero ring
  224     ........3-position substituent contains a pyridine ring (e.g.,
                   quinoline, thienopyridine, lutidines, etc.)
  225     .........7-position substituent contains hetero ring
  226     ........3-position substituent contains sulfur
  227     .........7-position substituent contains hetero ring
  228     ........Alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl or alkanoyloxyalkyl
                   bonded directly to 3 position
  229     .......Sulfur containing substituent
  230     .......Alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl or alkanoyloxyalkyl
                  bonded directly to 3 position
  300     .....The six-membered ring contains oxygen
  301     ......1-oxa-5-aza-bicyclo(4.2.0)octane (including unsaturated)
  302     ....The ring nitrogen is shared by a five-membered ring
  303     .....The five-membered ring contains an additional hetero atom
  304     ......1-thia-4-aza-bicyclo(3.2.0)hep-tane (including
                 unsaturated; e.g., penam, etc.)
  305     .......The 1-thia-4-aza-bicyclo(3.2.0)hep-tane is part of a
                  polycyclo ring system having at least three cyclos
  306     .......Plural 1-thia-4-aza-bicyclo(3.2.0)hep-tane ring systems
                  attached directly or indirectly to each other by nonionic
                  bonding
  307     .......Spiro
  308     .......The 6-position substituent contains phosphorus attached
                  directly or indirectly to the bicyclo ring system by
                  nonionic bonding
  309     .......Nitrogen containing hetero ring attached directly at the
                  3-position of the bicyclo ring system
  310     .......Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly
                  at the 3-position of the bicyclo ring system
  311     ........Nitrogen or hydrogen bonded directly to the -C(=X)-
                   groupp
  312     ........Nitrogen bonded directly at the 6-position of the
                   bicyclo ring system
  313     .........The 2-position substituent contains chalcogen, nitrogen
                    or halogen
  314     .........Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, single bonded
                    directly to the nitrogen (e.g., penicillin F, etc.)
  315     ..........Processes utilizing penam containing compound
  316     ...........Introduction of -C(=X)- group, wherein X is
                      chalcogen, onto nitrogen (e.g., carboxamide
                      formation, etc.)
  317     ............Boron, silicon or phosphorus containing reactant
  318     ...........Esterification of the 3-position -C(=X)X- group,
                      wherein the X's may be the same or diverse
                      chalcogens
  319     ...........Sulfur-oxidation, epimerization, 6-alkoxylation,
                      de-esterification or reduction
  320     ...........Formation of solvate or anhydrous forms, or special
                      crystalline forms
  321     ...........Conversion of amine salts to metal salts
  322     ...........Purification utilizing solid adsorbent
  323     ...........Base salt formation of 3-position -COOH group
  324     ...........Extracting solid from solution
  325     ..........The nitrogen is part of a hetero ring
  326     ..........Chalcogen, -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, or
                     additional nitrogen bonded directly to the -C(=X)-
                     group
  327     ..........Hetero ring or ring system bonded directly to the
                     -C(=X)- group
  328     ..........Nitrogen containing ring or ring system attached by
                     carbon or acyclic carbon chain to the -C(=X)- group
  329     ..........Polycyclo heterocyclic ring system in 6-position
                     substituent
  330     ...........The polycyclo ring system is attached directly to a
                      -C(=X)-NH- group, wherein X is chalcogen and
                      substitution may be made for hydrogen only, which
                      group is between the polycyclo ring system and the
                      1-thia-4-aza bicyclo(3.2.0)hep-tane
  331     ..........Acyclic nitrogen or azide attached indirectly to the
                     -C(=X)- group by acyclic nonionic bonding
  332     ...........Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded
                      directly to the nitrogen
  333     ............Hetero ring bonded directly to the -C(=X)- group
  334     ............Chalcogen, additional nitrogen or additional -C(=X)-
                      *bonded directly to the -C(=X)- group
  335     ...........Additional acyclic nitrogen or acyclic chalcogen in
                      the 6-position substituent
  336     ...........The -C(=X)- group, an unsubstituted benzene ring and
                      -NHH bonded directly to the same carbon atom (e.g.,
                      ampicillin, etc.)
  337     ..........Cycloaliphatic ring in 6-position substituent
  338     ..........Benzene or hetero ring in 6-position substituent
  339     ...........The ring is bonded directly to the -C(=X)- group
  340     ...........Having -C(=X)X-, wherein the X's may be the same or
                      diverse chalcogens, in chain between the ring and the
                      -C(=X)- group
  341     ...........Chalcogen in the chain between the ring and the
                      -C(=X)- group
  342     ...........Unsubstituted hydrocarbyl chain between the ring andd
                      the -C(=X)- group
  343     ............Amine addition salts of 3-position -COOH group
  344     .............Nitrogen containing hetero ring in the cation
                      **(i.e., amine moiety)
  345     .............Plural nitrogens in the cation (i.e., amine
                      **moiety)
  346     .........Processes
  347     ......Bicyclo ring system which is
                 1-oxa-4-aza-bicyclo(3.2.0)hep-tane (including
                 unsaturated)
  348     .......Acyclic carbon double bonded directly at the 2-position
                  of the bicyclo ring system
  349     ........Chalcogen attached directly by a single bond to the
                   carbon or to an acyclic carbon chain which contains the
                   carbon
  350     .....The ring system is 4-aza-bicyclo(3.2.0)heptane (including
                unsaturated) and has sulfur bonded directly at the
                2-position
  351     ......Thienamycin per se or salt thereof
  352     ....Five-membered hetero ring consisting of one nitrogen, one
               sulfur and three carbons as one of the cyclos of the
               polycyclo ring system
  353     .....Double bond between ring members of the five-membered
                hetero ring
  354     ...Additional chalcogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
  355     ....The additional chalcogen is bonded directly to the ring
               nitrogen
  356     ....The additional chalcogen is double bonded directly to the
               hetero ring
  357     ....Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to
               the additional chalcogen
  358     ....The additional chalcogen is sulfur which is bonded directly
               to chalcogen
  359     .....The sulfur is double bonded directly to the chalcogen
  360     ....Additional carbon bonded directly to the additional
               chalcogen
  361     ...Halogen attached directly at the 4-position of the hetero
              ring by nonionic bonding
  362     ...The 4-position of the hetero ring is unsubstituted or alkyl
              substituted only
  363     ....Nitrogen bonded directly at the 3-position of the hetero
               ring
  364     ...Nitrogen bonded directly at the 3-position of the hetero
              ring
  450     ..The hetero ring contains at least eight members including
             nitrogen and carbon
  451     ...Chalcogen double bonded directly to a ring carbon of the
              hetero ring which is adjacent to the ring nitrogen (e.g.,
              laurolactam, etc.)
  452     ....Heavy metal, aluminum, boron or silicon containing
  453     ....Spiro
  454     ....Chalcogen in the hetero ring
  455     .....Polycyclo ring system which contains the hetero ring as one
                of the cyclos
  456     ......Two of the cyclos share at least three ring members or a
                 ring member is shared by three of the cyclos (e.g.,
                 bridged, peri-fused, etc.)
  457     .......A five-membered cyclo of the polycyclo ring systemm
                  consists of four ring carbons and one ring oxygen (e.g.,
                  fused rifamycins, etc.)
  458     ........Tetracyclo ring system which contains the hetero ring as
                   one of the cyclos (e.g., rifamycin S, etc.)
  459     .........Nitrogen, sulfur or halogen attached directly to the
                    tetracyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
  460     ....Plural nitrogens in the hetero ring
  461     ....Polycyclo ring system which contains the hetero ring as one
               of the cyclos
  462     .....Oxirane ring is one of the cyclos in the polycyclo ring
                system (e.g., maytansinol, etc.)
  463     ....Nitrogen or additional chalcogen attached directly to the
               hetero ring by nonionic bonding
  464     ....Utilizing oximes, oxime salts, hydroxylamines, hydroxylamine
               salts or nitrosating agents to form the hetero ring (i.e.,
               formation of the lactam ring)
  465     ...Heavy metal or aluminum containing
  466     ...Spiro
  467     ...The hetero ring contains chalcogen
  468     ....Polycyclo ring system which contains the hetero ring as one
               of the cyclos
  469     .....Plural nitrogens in the hetero ring
  470     ...The hetero ring contains plural nitrogens
  471     ....Polycyclo ring system which contains the hetero ring as one
               of the cyclos
  472     .....Two of the cyclos share at least three ring members or a
                ring member is shared by three of the cyclos (e.g.,
                bridged, peri-fused, etc., toxiferin)
  473     .....Bicyclo ring system which contains the hetero ring as one
                of the cyclos
  474     ....The hetero ring contains at least three nitrogens
  475     .....Nitro bonded directly to ring nitrogen of the hetero ring
                (e.g., HMX, etc.)
  476     ...Polycyclo ring system which contains the hetero ring as one
              of the cyclos
  477     ....Two of the cyclos share at least three ring members or a
               ring member is shared by three of the cyclos (e.g., bridged,
               peri-fused, etc.)
  478     .....Containing additional heterocyclic polycyclo ring system
                having plural ring nitrogens (e.g., vinblastine,
                vincristine, etc.)
  479     ....Tricyclo ring system which contains the hetero ring as one
               of the cyclos
  480     ...Additional hetero ring attached directly or indirectly to the
              hetero ring by nonionic bonding
  481     ....The additional hetero ring is six-membered and contains
               nitrogen
  482     ...Chalcogen or nitrogen attached directly to the hetero ring by
              nonionic bonding
  483     ...Plural nitrogens attached indirectly to the hetero ring by
              acyclic nonionic bonding
  484     ..The hetero ring contains seven members including nitrogen and
             carbon
  485     ...Chalcogen double bonded directly to a ring carbon adjacent to
              the ring nitrogen (e.g., caprolactam, etc.)
  486     ....Heavy metal or aluminum containing
  487     ....Silicon or phosphorus attached directly or indirectly to the
               hetero ring by nonionic bondingg
  488     ....Chalcogen in the hetero ring
  489     .....Plural nitrogens in the hetero ring
  490     .....Bicyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the
                cyclos
  491     ......The chalcogen and the nitrogen are in the 1,5-positions of
                 the bicyclo ring system (e.g., 1,5-benzothiazepinone,
                 etc.)
  492     ....Plural nitrogens in the hetero ring
  493     .....Tetracyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the
                cyclos
  494     ......Nitrogen of the hetero ring is shared by an additional
                 cyclo of the tetracyclo ring system
  495     .....Tricyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the
                cyclos
  496     ......Nitrogen of the hetero ring is shared by an additional
                 cyclo of the tricyclo ring system
  497     .......Additional hetero atom in the additional cyclo of the
                  tricyclo ring system
  498     ........The additional cyclo is five-membered consisting of
                   nitrogen and carbon (e.g., imidazobenzodiazepinones,
                   etc.)
  499     .........The additional cyclo consists of three nitrogens and
                    two carbons (e.g., triazolobenzodiazepinones, etc.)
  500     .....Bicyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the
                cyclos
  501     ......At least three nitrogens in the hetero ring
  502     ......At least three hetero atoms in the bicyclo ring system
  503     .......Chalcogen in the bicyclo ring system
  504     ......The bicyclo ring system is 1,4-benzodiazepine (including
                 hydrogenated)
  505     .......The chalcogen double bonded directly to the hetero ring
                  is sulfur
  506     .......Additional chalcogen bonded directly to ring carbon of
                  the hetero ring
  507     ........The additional chalcogen is bonded directly at the
                   3-position of the bicyclo ring system
  508     .........Nitrogen or -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached
                    indirectly to the chalcogen by acyclic nonionic
                    bonding
  509     .......Acyclic nitrogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
  510     .......Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly
                  to the hetero ring
  511     .......Halogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
  512     .......Chalcogen attached indirectly to nitrogen of the hetero
                  ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
  513     .......Sulfur, -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, or nitrogen,
                  other than as nitro or nitroso, bonded directly to the
                  carbocyclic ring of the bicyclo ring system
  514     .......Nitrogen in the 1-position substituent of the bicyclo
                  ring system
  515     .......Preparation by cyclizing benzophenones or imine
                  derivatives thereof
  516     .......Preparation from a compound containing a different hetero
                  ring
  517     ......The bicyclo ring system is 1,5-benzodiazepine (including
                 hydrogenated)
  518     .......Additional chalcogen double bonded directly to ring
                  carbon of the hetero ringg
  519     ....Polycyclo ring system which contains the hetero ring as one
               of the cyclos
  520     .....Two of the cyclos share at least three ring members or a
                ring member is shared by three of the cyclos (e.g.,
                bridged, peri-fused, etc.)
  521     .....Plural hetero atoms in the polycyclo ring system
  522     .....Tricyclo ring system which contains the hetero ring as one
                of the cyclos
  523     .....Bicyclo ring system which contains the hetero ring as one
                of the cyclos
  524     ....Additional hetero ring containing
  525     .....Plural seven-membered hetero rings
  526     ....Additional chalcogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
  527     ....Nitrogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
  528     .....The nitrogen is bonded additionally only to hydrogen
  529     ....Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to
               the hetero ring
  530     ....Halogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
  531     ....Chalcogen or nitrogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring
               by nonionic bonding
  532     ....Preparing from a compound containing a hetero ring
  533     .....The hetero ring is a lactam (i.e., -C(=X)-NH- is part of
                the ring, wherein X is chalcogen and substitution may be
                made for the hydrogen only)
  534     ....Preparing from a compound containing a cycloaliphatic ring
  535     .....The reactant is a cyclic oxime
  536     ......Gas phase rearrangement
  537     .....Acyclic -C(=X)X-, wherein the X's are the same or diverse
                chalcogens, attached directly to the cycloaliphatic ring by
                nonionic bonding
  538     ....Cyclization to form the hetero ring
  539     .....Reactant contains a cyano group
  540     ....Purification or recovery
  541     ...Heavy metal or boron containing
  542     ...Phosphorus attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring
              by nonionic bonding
  543     ...Spiro
  544     ...The hetero ring contains chalcogen
  545     ....Plural nitrogens in the heterocyclic ring
  546     ....Polycyclo ring system which contains the hetero ring as one
               of the cyclos
  547     .....Tricyclo ring system which contains the hetero ring as one
                of the cyclos
  548     ......At least three ring hetero atoms in the tricyclo ring
                 system
  549     ......Sulfur and nitrogen are bonded directly to each other in
                 the hetero ring
  550     ......The nitrogen of the hetero ring is bonded directly to both
                 remaining rings of the tricyclo ring system (e.g.,
                 dibenzo(b,e)(1,4)thiazepine, etc.)
  551     ......Nitrogen bonded directly to ring carbon of the hetero
                 ring
  552     .....Bicyclo ring system which contains the hetero ring as one
                of the cyclos
  553     ...The hetero ring contains plural nitrogens (e.g.,
              1,3-diazepines, etc.)
  554     ....The hetero ring contains at least three nitrogens
  555     ....Polycyclo ring system which contains the hetero ring as onee
               of the cyclos
  556     .....Two of the cyclos share at least three ring members or a
                ring member is shared by three of the cyclos (e.g.,
                bridged, peri-fused, etc.)
  557     .....Tricyclo ring system which contains the hetero ring as one
                of the cyclos
  558     ......Nitrogen of the hetero ring is shared by an additional
                 cyclo of the tricyclo ring system
  559     .......The additional cyclo has at least six ring members
  560     .......Chalcogen in the tricyclo ring system
  561     .......The additional cyclo consists of one nitrogen and four
                  carbons (e.g., diazepinoindoles, etc.)
  562     .......The additional cyclo consists of two nitrogens and three
                  carbons (e.g., imidazobenzodiazepines, etc.)
  563     .......s-Triazolo(4,3-a)(1,4)-benzodi-azepines (including
                  hydrogenated)
  564     ........Chalcogen, nitrogen, cyano or halogen bonded directly to
                   ring carbon of the triazolo ring
  565     ........Nitrogen attached indirectly to ring carbon of the
                   triazolo ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
  566     ........The unshared ring carbon of the triazolo ring is
                   unsubstituted or alkyl substituted only
  567     .....Bicyclo ring system which contains the hetero ring as one
                of the cyclos
  568     ......At least three ring hetero atoms in the bicyclo ring
                 system
  569     ......1,4-benzodiazepines (including hydrogenated)
  570     .......Chalcogen bonded directly to ring carbon of the hetero
                  ring
  571     .......Nitrogen bonded directly to ring carbon of the hetero
                  ring
  572     ........Chalcogen or nitrogen attached indirectly to ring carbon
                   of the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
  573     .......Chalcogen or nitrogen attached indirectly to ring carbon
                  of the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
  574     .......Formation of the 1,4-benzodiazepine ring system
  575     ....The nitrogens are in the 1,4-positions of the hetero ring
  576     ...Polycyclo ring system which contains the hetero ring as one
              of the cyclos
  577     ....Plural nitrogens in the polycyclo ring system
  578     .....Three or more hetero atoms in the polycyclo ring system
  579     .....Nitrogen of the hetero ring is shared by an additional
                cyclo of the polycyclo ring system
  580     .....The seven-membered hetero ring shares ring members with one
                other cyclo only
  581     ....Two of the cyclos share at least three ring members or a
               ring carbon is shared by three of the cyclos (e.g., bridged,
               peri-fused, etc.)
  582     .....Bicyclo ring system which contains the hetero ring as one
                of the cyclos (e.g., 3-azabicyclo-(3.2.2)nonanes, etc.)
  583     ......Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to
                 ring nitrogen of the bicyclo ring system
  584     ......Chalcogen or nitrogen attached directly to ring nitrogen
                 of the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
  585     ......Chalcogen or nitrogen attached indirectly to ring nitrogen
                 of the bicyclo ring system by acyclic nonionic bonding
  586     ....Tricyclo ring system which contains the hetero ring as one
               of the cycloss
  587     .....The hetero ring shares ring members with each of two
                benzene rings in the tricyclo ring system (e.g.,
                morphanthridines, etc.)
  588     ......The nitrogen of the hetero ring is bonded directly to each
                 of the two benzene rings (e.g., iminodibenzyl, etc.)
  589     .......Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly
                  to ring nitrogen of the tricyclo ring system
  590     .......Nitrogen attached directly or indirectly to ring carbon
                  of the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
  591     .......Chalcogen attached directly or indirectly to the hetero
                  ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
  592     .......Nitrogen attached indirectly to ring nitrogen of the
                  hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
  593     ....Bicyclo ring system which contains the hetero ring as one of
               the cyclos
  594     .....3-Benzazepines (including hydrogenated)
  595     ......Benzene ring bonded directly to ring carbon of the hetero
                 ring
  596     ...Additional hetero ring attached directly or indirectly to the
              hetero ring by nonionic bonding
  597     ....The additional hetero ring is six-membered and contains
               nitrogen
  598     .....Plural hetero atoms in the additional hetero ring
  599     ......Polycyclo ring system having the additional hetero ring as
                 one of the cyclos
  600     .......The additional hetero ring is 1,3-diazine (including
                  hydrogenated)
  601     ......The additional hetero ring is 1,3-diazine (including
                 hydrogenated)
  602     ....The additional hetero ring is five-membered and contains
               nitrogen
  603     .....Plural hetero atoms in the additional hetero ring
  604     ...Chalcogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic
              bonding
  605     ...Nitrogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic
              bonding
  606     ....Chalcogen, additional nitrogen, or -C(=X)-, wherein X is
               chalcogen, attached directly to the nitrogen by nonionic
               bonding
  607     ...Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to
              nitrogen of the hetero ring
  608     ....Chalcogen bonded directly to the -C(=X)- group
  609     ...Chalcogen or nitrogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring
              by acyclic nonionic bonding
  610     ....The chalcogen or nitrogen is multiple bonded to a carbon
               (e.g., cyano or carbonyl groups, etc.)
  611     ...Benzene ring bonded directly to the hetero ring
  612     ...The hetero ring is unsubstituted or alkyl substituted only