What follows are the subclasses from one class of the Manual of Classification for US patents. As you scroll through the list and encounter a class/subclass of interest, you can jump back to the top and retrieve patent titles by entering the class/subclass in the box below.
Enter a class/subclass code here to get a list of patent titles. Use
any of the following forms:
363-131 121-55A 14-.5
that is, no embedded spaces, class and subclass seperated by a dash, and any
subclass letters capitalized. Currently Design Patent titles (those in the
classes of the form Dxx.yy) are not retreivable.
Class Number: 562 Class Title: ORGANIC COMPOUNDS -- PART OF THE CLASS 532-570 SERIES Subclass Subclass Number Title * ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (Class 532, Subclass 1) 1 .Persulphonic acids or salts thereof (i.e., compounds having the -S(=O)(=O) O-OH group, wherein the hydrogen may be replaced by a group IA or IIA light metal, or by substituted or unsubstituted ammonium) 2 .Percarboxylic acids or salts thereof (i.e., compounds having the -C(=O)-O OH group, wherein the hydrogen may be replaced by a group IA or IIA light metal, or by substituted or unsubstituted ammonium) 3 ..With preservative or stabilizer 4 ..Formation of the -C(=O)-O-OH group, or of a salt thereof (e.g., from acid halides or anhydrides, neutralization; etc) 5 ...Aldehyde or percarboxylic acid ester reactant 6 ...Carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid salt reactant 7 .Boron acids or salts thereof (i.e., compounds having -XH, wherein X is chalcogen, attached directly to boron by nonionic bonding and wherein the hydrogen may be replaced by a group IA or IIA light metal, or by substituted or unsubstituted ammonium) 8 .Phosphorus acids or salts thereof (i.e., compounds having -XH, wherein X is chalcogen, attached directly to phosphorus by nonionic bonding and wherein the hydrogen may be replaced by a substituted or unsubstituted ammonium or by a group IA or IIA light metal) 9 ..Sulfur attached directly to the phosphorus by nonionic bonding 10 ..Nitrogen attached directly to the phosphorus by nonionic bonding 11 ..Nitrogen attached indirectly to the phosphorus by nonionic bonding 12 ...Plural phosphori attached indirectly to each other by nonionic bonding 13 ....Plural phosphori bonded directly to the same carbon 14 ....Additional nitrogen attached indirectly to the phosphorus by nonionic bonding 15 ...The nitrogen is bonded directly to -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen 16 ...The nitrogen and the phosphorus are bonded directly to the same carbon 17 ....The nitrogen is bonded to an additional acyclic carbon or acyclic carbon chain, to which a -C(=X)X- group is bonded directly, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogen 18 .....Preparing from a compound having a nitrogen containing hetero ring 19 ..The phosphorus is in a ring 20 ..Plural phosphori attached indirectly to each other by nonionic bonding 21 ...Plural phosphori bonded directly to the same carbon 22 ....Processes 23 ..Chalcogen attached indirectly to the phosphorus by nonionic bonding 24 ...The chalcogen is in a -C(=X)- groupp 25 ..Halogen attached indirectly to the phosphorus by nonionic bonding 26 .Thiocarboxylic acids or salts thereof (i.e., compounds having the group -C(=X)XH, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens and at least one X is sulfur, and hydrogen may be replaced by a group IA or IIA light metal, or by substituted or unsubstituted ammonium) 27 ..Nitrogen bonded directly to the carbon of the -C(=X)XH group or of its salt (e.g., dithiocarbamic acids, etc.) 28 ...Processes utilizing carbon disulfide 29 .Thiosulfonic acids or salts thereof (i.e., compounds containing the thiosulfonate group, -S(=O)(=O)-S-, wherein the divalent sulfur is bonded directly to hydrogen, or to a group IA or IIA light metal or to substituted or unsubstituted ammonium) 30 .Sulfonic acids or salts thereof (i.e., compounds containing the sulfonate group, -S(=O)(=O)-O- wherein the single bonded oxygen is bonded directly to hydrogen, or to a group IA or IIA light metal or to substituted or unsubstituted ammonium) 31 ..Hydrophenanthrene ring system containing 32 ..Processes of sulfonating lignites, leonardites, coal, humic acids, bark or pitch, and the reaction products thereof 33 ..Petroleum sulfonic acids 34 ...Addition salts having organic nitrogen containing cation 35 ..Boron or phosphorus attached indirectly to the sulfonate group by nonionic bonding (e.g., phosphonium salts, etc.) 36 ..Chalcogen or -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached directly to the sulfonate sulfur by nonionic bonding 37 ..Nitrogen attached directly to the sulfonate sulfur by nonionic bonding (e.g., sulfamic acids, etc.) 38 ...Processes utilizing an inorganic sulfamic acid, or a salt thereof 39 ...Processes of forming the -NH-S(=O)(O=)-O- group, wherein substitution may be made for hydrogen only 40 ...Additional salts having organic nitrogen containing cation 41 ..Benzene ring attached indirectly to the sulfonate group by acyclic nonionic bonding 42 ...Noncarbon atom in acyclic chain between the benzene ring and the sulfonate sulfur 43 ....Nitrogen in the acyclic chain 44 .....Chalcogen or -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, in the chain 45 ..Benzene ring bonded directly to the sulfonate sulfur (e.g., purification and neutralization of benzene sulfonic acids, etc.) 46 ...Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached indirectly to the sulfonate group by nonionic bonding (e.g., aldehydes, etc.) 47 ....Chalcogen or nitrogen bonded directly to the -C(=X)- group 48 .....Benzene ring bonded directly to each nitrogen of a -NH-C(=X)-NH-group, wherein X is chalcogen and substitution may be made for hydrogen only 49 ......At least one of the benzene rings is part of a naphthalene ring system 50 ......Plural naphthalene ring systems attached indirectly to the -NHC(=X)NH- group by nonionic bonding 51 .....Stilbene containing 52 .....Plural -C(=X)- groups attached indirectly to the sulfonate group by nonionic bonding 53 ......Plural carbons bonded directly to -C(=X)-- 54 ......Plural -C(=X)- groups bonded directly to the same benzene ring 55 .....Acyclic carbon bonded directly to the -C(=X)- group 56 .....The -C(=X)- is part of a -C(=X)X- group, wherein the X's may be the same or diverse chalcogens 57 ......Nitrogen attached indirectly to the sulfonate group by nonionic bonding 58 ...Nitrogen attached indirectly to the sulfonate group by nonionic bonding 59 ....Plural benzene rings bonded directly to each other or to the same acyclic carbon 60 ....Stilbene containing 61 ....Plural benzene rings bonded directly to the same nitrogen 62 .....Plural nitrogens each bonded to two benzene rings (e.g., phenylaminophenylaminophenyl compounds, etc.) 63 .....At least one of the benene rings is part of a naphthalene ring system 64 .....Oxygen bonded directly to a benzene ring 65 ....Sulfonyl bonded directly to the nitrogen 66 ....The nitrogen is attached indirectly to a benzene ring by acyclic nonionic bonding 67 .....Additional nitrogen attached indirectly to the sulfonate group by nonionic bonding 68 ....Polycyclo ring system consisting of benzene rings bonded directly to the sulfonate group 69 .....Nitro or nitroso bonded directly to the polycyclo ring system 70 .....Oxygen bonded directly to the polycyclo ring system (e.g., aminonaphthol sulfonic acid, etc.) 71 ......Additional sulfonate group bonded directly to the polycyclo ring system (e.g., H acid, etc.) 72 .....Halogen, plural nitrogens, or additional sulfonate group bonded directly to the polycyclo ring system 73 ....Nitro or halogen bonded directly to a benzene ring 74 ...Nonsulfonate chalcogen attached indirectly to the sulfonate group by nonionic bonding 75 ....Two benzene rings bonded to the nonsulfonate chalcogen (e.g., phenoxyphenyl compounds, etc.) 76 ....Plural carbons bonded directly to the nonsulfonate chalcogen (e.g., ethers, sulfones, etc.) 77 .....Hydroxy group or nonsulfonate sulfur attached indirectly to a benzene ring by acyclic nonionic bonding 78 ....Halogen attached indirectly to the sulfonate group by nonionic bonding 79 ....The sulfonate group and oxygen are bonded directly to the same polycyclo ring system which consists of benzene rings 80 .....Additional sulfonate group bonded directly to the polycyclo ring system 81 ....Plural oxygens bonded directly to the same benzene ring 82 ....The sulfonate group, oxygen, and alkyl of at least 4 carbons are bonded directly to the same benzene ring 83 ...Halogen attached indirectly to the sulfonate group by nonionic bonding 84 ...Addition salts having organic nitrogen containing cation 85 ....Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, in the cation 86 ....Nitrogen double bonded to carbon in the cation (e.g., guanidinium salts, etc.) 87 ...Acyclic carbon to carbon unsaturation containingg 88 ...Plural benzene rings bonded directly to each other, or to the same acyclic carbon or acyclic carbon chain 89 ...Polycyclo ring system consisting of benzene rings bonded directly to the sulfonate group 90 ....Processes of sulfonating naphthalene per se or alkyl substituted naphthalene 91 ...Sulfonate group and alkyl group of at least four carbons bonded directly to the same benzene ring 92 ....With preservative, stabilizer, or color or odor affecting additive 93 ....Processes including alkylation of a benzene ring, and the products thereof 94 .....The alkylating agent is an olefin 95 ....Sulfonation processes 96 ....Purification or recovery 97 ....Neutralization or acidification 98 ...Sulfonation utilizing sulfur trioxide or oleum (e.g., sulfonation of benzene or toluene with oleum, etc.) 99 ...Sulfonation utilizing sulfuric acid (e.g., sulfonation of benzene or toluene with sulfuric acid, etc.) 100 ..Polycyclo alicyclic ring system attached directly or indirectly to the sulfonate group by nonionic bonding 101 ..Plural sulfonate groups attached indirectly to each other by acyclic nonionic bonding 102 ...Nitrogen or -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached indirectly to the sulfonate groups by nonionic bonding 103 ...Plural nonsulfonate chalcogens attached indirectly to the sulfonate groups by nonionic bonding 104 ..Nitrogen attached indirectly to the sulfonate group by acyclic nonionic bonding 105 ...Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached indirectly to the sulfonate group by acyclic nonionic bonding 106 ....Plural nitrogens or plural -C(=X)- groups, wherein X is chalcogen, attached indirectly to the sulfonate group by acyclic nonionic bonding 107 ...Chalcogen attached indirectly to the sulfonate group by acyclic nonionic bonding 108 ..Chalcogen attached indirectly to the sulfonate group by acyclic nonionic bonding 109 ...The chalcogen, X, is in a -C(=X)- group 110 ...Plural chalcogens attached indirectly to the sulfonate group by acyclic nonionic bonding 111 ...Plural carbons bonded directly to the chalcogen (e.g., ethers, etc.) 112 ...Addition salts having organic nitrogen containing cation 113 ..Halogen attached indirectly to the sulfonate group by acyclic nonionic bonding 114 ..Addition salts having organic nitrogen containing cation 115 ..Processes (e.g., neutralization, stabilization, etc.) 116 ...Decarboxylation, hydrogenation or formation of carbon-to-carbon unsaturation 117 ...Conversion of sulfur containing hetero ring compounds to sulfonic acids 118 ...Oxidation of organic sulfur compounds to sulfonic acids 119 ...Hydrolysis of sulfonyl halides 120 ...Formation of sulfonic acids or sulfonic acid salts utilizing inorganic sulfonating agents (e.g., reaction of alcohols or alkyl halides with sulfurous acid, etc.)) 121 ....Utilizing sulfur dioxide and oxygen (i.e., sulfoxidation) 122 ....Sulfurous acid or salt thereof reacted with unsaturated hydrocarbon 123 ....Utilizing sulfur trioxide, oleum, sulfuric acid or halosulfonic acid 124 ...Purification or recovery 125 .Sulfinic or sulfenic acids or salts thereof (i.e., compounds containing the sulfinate group, -S(=O)O-, or the sulfenate group, -S-O-, wherein the single bonded oxygen is bonded directly to hydrogen, or to a group IA or group IIA light metal or to substituted or unsubstituted ammonium) 126 ..Nitrogen attached indirectly to a sulfinate group by acyclic nonionic bonding 400 .Carboxylic acids and salts thereof 401 ..Racemization or separation of optical isomers 402 ...Physical resolution 403 ..Hydrophenanthrene nucleus 404 ...1,4a-dimethyl hydrophenanthrene-1 carboxylic acids or salts thereof 405 ..Aromatic 406 ...Preparation by carbonylation 407 ...Formation of carboxyl group by oxidation 408 ....Of aromatic compound 409 .....Alkyl side chain oxidized 410 ......Nitrogen containing oxidant 411 ......Sulfur containing oxidant 412 ......Air, oxygen, or ozone oxidant 413 .......Multistage 414 .......With recycle or recovery of reaction component 415 .......Gas phase 416 .......Halogen containing catalyst, initiator, or promoter utilized 417 .......Initiator or promoter used with catalyst 418 .....Of oxy or carbonyl containing compound 419 ......Hypohalite as oxidant 420 ......Nitrogen containing oxidant 421 ......Air, oxygen, or ozone oxidant 422 .....Of halo alkyl containing compound 423 ...Preparation by carbonation 424 ....Of alkali metal phenolates 425 .....Having plural rings 426 ...Sulfur 427 ....Polycyclo ring system 428 .....Indenyl or hydrindenyl 429 ....Sulfoxy 430 .....Nitrogen 431 ....Carboxyl, or salt thereof, in side chain having sulfur bonded directly to a ring 432 ....Carboxyl, or salt thereof, bonded directly to a ring 433 ...Nitrogen bonded directly to carbon of organic radical (e.g., amino acids, etc.) 434 ....Nitro or nitroso 435 .....Plural rings 436 ......Plural rings bonded directly to the same carbonyl 437 .....Plural nitrogens 438 .....Halogen 439 ....Ureido, guanido, or hydrazine 440 ....Nitrogen double bonded directly to carbon (e.g., amidine,, ketimine, etc.) 441 ....Plural rings bonded directly to the same carbon 442 ....Nitrogen not bonded directly to a ring 443 .....In same chain as carboxyl, or salt thereof 444 ......Oxy 445 .......Phenyl alanines 446 ........Di-oxy phenyl alanines 447 ........Phenoxphenyl alanines 448 .......Plural nitrogens 449 ......Halogen 450 ......Amide 451 .....Oxy 452 ....Oxy 453 .....Carboxyl, or salt thereof, nitrogen and oxygen all bonded directly to the same benzene ring 454 .....Aryl-N-Aryl 455 .....Amide 456 ....Halogen 457 ....Plural rings with nitrogen bonded directly to at least one ring 458 ....Carboxyl, or salt thereof, bonded directly to a ring 459 ...Aldehyde or ketone 460 ....Two rings bonded directly to the same carbonyl 461 ....Polycyclo ring system 462 .....Bicyclo ring system 463 ....Oxy 464 .....Phenoxy alkanoic acids 465 ...Oxy 466 ....Polycyclo ring system 467 .....Carboxyl bonded directly to naphthylene ring system 468 ....Plural rings bonded directly to the same carbon 469 ....Rings bonded directly to each other 470 ....Oxy, not bonded directly to a ring, in same side chain as carboxyl, or salt thereof 471 ....Oxy, bonded directly to a ring, in same side chain as carboxyl, or salt thereof 472 .....Halogen 473 ....Carboxyl, or salt thereof, bonded directly to a ring 474 .....Halogen 475 .....Phenolic hydroxy or metallate 476 ......Poly phenolic hydroxy or metallate 477 ......Salicyclic acid per se or salt thereof 478 ....Phenolic hydroxy or metallate 479 ...Decarboxylation of polycarboxylic acid or salt 480 ...Polycarboxylic acids or salts thereof 481 ....Prepared by disproportionation 482 ....Preparation by isomerization 483 ....Preparation by hydrolysis of amide, anhydride, or ester 484 ....Preparation by hydrolysis of nitrile 485 ....Purification or recovery per se 486 .....By crystallization 487 .....By reaction of undesired component 488 ....Plural rings 489 ....Carboxyl not directly attached to a ring 490 ...Naphthyl group 491 ...Plural rings bonded directly to the same carbon 492 ...Rings bonded directly to each other 493 ...Monocyclicc 494 ....Purification or recovery per se 495 ....Additional unsaturation 496 ....Carboxyl, or salt thereof, not bonded directly to ring 497 ..Preparing alicyclic acids by carbonylation 498 ..Plural alicyclic rings 499 ...Tricyclo ring system 500 ...Two rings only 501 ....Orthofused 502 ....2,2,1-bicyclo 503 ..Cyclopentyl (e.g., prostoglandins, etc.) 504 ...Cyclopentyl bonded to -COOR, -CCOOR, or -CCCOOR 505 ..Cyclobutyl 506 ..Cyclopropyl 507 ..Alicyclic acids having an element other than oxygen, carbon, or hydrogen 508 ..Alicyclic acids having an oxy, aldehyde, or ketone group 509 ..Alicyclic polycarboxylic acids 510 ..Alicyclic acids having unsaturation 511 ..Naphthenic acids or salts thereof 512 ..Acyclic 512.2 ...Preparing by oxidation of hydrocarbon mixtures 512.4 ....Plural -COO- groups in compound formed 513 ...Preparation from source of undetermined composition (e.g., industrial waste, etc.) 514 ....Nitrogen containing acid produced 515 ...Preparation by degradation of carbohydrates 516 ...Preparation by hydrolysis of proteins 517 ...Preparation by carbonylation 518 ....Of aldehyde or ketone 519 ....Of alcohol or alcoholate 520 ....Of halogenated hydrocarbon 521 ....Of hydrocarbon 522 .....Group VIII metal containing catalyst utilized 523 ...Formation of carboxyl group by oxidation 524 ....Of carboxylic acid or ester 525 .....Of oxy acid or ester 526 ....Of nitrogen containing compound 527 ....Of ketone 528 .....Cyclic ketone or mixture thereof with cyclic alcohol 529 ......Two stage oxidation from hydrocarbon 530 ......With recycle or recovery of reaction component 531 ....Of aldehyde 532 .....Producing unsaturated acid 533 ......Liquid phase oxidation 534 ......Group VIII metal containing catalyst utilized 535 ......Group V metal containing catalyst utilized 536 .....Producing acetic acid 537 ....Of ether 538 ....Of alcohol 539 .....Caustic oxidant 540 .....Nitrogen containing oxidant 541 ....Of halogenated hydrocarbon 542 ....Of hydrocarbon 543 .....Alicyclic 544 .....Olefin 545 ......Producing unsaturated acid 546 .......Group VIII metal containing catalyst utilized 547 .......Group V metal containing catalyst utilizedd 548 ......Producing acetic acid 549 .....Alkane 550 ...Formation of carboxyl group by carbonation 551 ....Of C-metallated compound 552 ....Of alkali metal salt of carboxylic acid 553 ...Nitrogen bonded to carbon of organic radical (e.g., amino acids, etc.) 554 ....Purification or recovery per se 555 ....Carbamic acids or salts thereof 556 ....Sulfur or selenium 557 .....Alpha N, beta S - acids or salts thereof 558 ......Penicillamine per se or salt thereof 559 .....Methionine per se or salt thereof 560 ....Ureido, hydrazino, or nitrogen double bonded directly to carbon 561 ....Plural nitrogens 562 .....Lysine per se or salt thereof 563 .....Glutamine per se or salt thereof 564 .....Oxy containing 565 .....Polycarboxylic 566 ......Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid per se or salt thereof 567 ....Oxy, aldehyde, or ketone 568 .....Polycarboxylic 569 .....Pantothenic acid per se or salt thereof 570 .....Threonine per se or salt thereof 571 ....Polycarboxylic 572 .....Nitrilotriacetic acid per se or salt thereof 573 .....Glutamic acid per se or salt thereof 574 ....Halogen or unsaturation 575 ....Alpha nitrogen 576 ....Beta alanine per se or salt thereof 577 ...Aldehyde or ketone 578 ....Polycarboxylic 579 ...Oxy 580 ....Purification or recovery per se 581 ....Sulfur 582 ....Polycarboxylic 583 .....Ether 584 .....Citric acid per se or salt thereof 585 .....Tartaric acid per se or salt thereof 586 ....Halogen 587 ....Polyoxy 588 ....Alkoxy 589 ....Lactic acid per se or salt thereof 590 ...Polycarboxylic 591 ....Preparation by isomerization 592 ....Preparation by hydrogenation 593 ....Purification or recovery per se 594 ....Element other than C,H,O,N, or halogen 595 ....Unsaturated 596 ....Halogen 597 ....Oxalic acid per se or salt thereof 598 ...Unsaturated 599 ....Formation of ethylenic unsaturation 600 ....Purification or recovery per se 601 ....Sorbic acid per se or salt thereof 602 ...Halogen 603 ....Preparation by halogenating acid or anhydridee 604 ....Preparation by dehalogenation 605 ....Fluorine containing 606 ...Saturated lower fatty acids 607 ....Acetic acid per se or salt thereof 608 .....Purification or recovery per se 609 ....Formic acid per se or salt thereof 620 .Nitrolic acids or salts thereof (i.e., compounds having the group -C(=NOH)-N(=O) (=O), wherein the hydrogen may be replaced by a group IA or IIA light metal, or by substituted or unsubstituted ammonium) 621 .Hydroxamic acids, chalcogen analogs or salts thereof (i.e., compounds having the -C(=X)-N(R)-XH group or the -C(XH)=NXR group, wherein R may be hydrogen or substitution for hydrogen, the X's in each group may be the same or diverse chalcogens, and H of -XH in each group may be replaced by a group IA or IIA light metal, or by substituted or unsubstituted ammonium) 622 ..Carbocyclic ring bonded directly to the carbon of the acid group 623 ..Nitrogen attached to the acid group directly or indirectly by acyclic nonionic bonding (e.g., N-hydroxy ureas, dihydroxamic acids, etc.) 624 .Imidic acids, chalcogen analogs or salts thereof (i.e., compounds having the group -N-C(XH)-, wherein X is chalcogen and the hydrogen may be replaced by a group IA or IIA light metal, or by substituted or unsubstituted ammonium) 625 .Sulfohydroxamic acids, chalcogen analogs or salts thereof (i.e., compounds having the -S(=O)(=O)-N(R)-XH group, wherein R may be hydrogen or substitution for hydrogen, X is chalcogen, and H of -XH may be replaced by a group IA or IIA light metal,or by substituted or unsubstituted ammonium) 800 .Hydroxamic acid halides or chalcogen analogs therof (i.e., compounds having the -C(=X)NH-halo group, wherein X is chalcogen and substitution may be made for hydrogen only) 801 ..Additional nitrogen bonded directly to the -C(=X)- group (e.g., urea halides, etc.) 802 .Imidic acid halides (i.e., compounds having the -N=CH-halo group, wherein substitution may be made for hydrogen only) 803 ..Additional halogen bonded directly to the carbon of the imidic halide group (i.e., -N=(halo)C(halo) 804 ..Chalcogen attached directly to the nitrogen of the imidic halide group by nonionic bonding (i.e., -X-N=CH-halo, wherein X is chalcogen) 805 ..Nitrogen attached directly to the nitrogen of the imidic halide group by nonionic bonding (i.e., HNH-N=CH-halo, wherein subsitution may be made for hydrogen only) 806 .Boron halides (i.e., compounds having halogen attached directly to boron by nonionic bonding 807 ..Phosphorus attached directly or indirectly to the boron by nonionic bonding 808 .Phosphorus halides (i.e., compounds having halogen attached directly to phosphorus by nonionic bonding) 809 ..Nitrogen bonded directly to the phosphorus 810 ...The phosphorus and the nitrogen are in the same ring 811 ..Additional phosphorus attached directly or indirectly to the phosphorus by nonionic bonding 812 ..The phosphorus is in a ring 813 ..Sulfur bonded directly to the phosphorus 814 ...Preparing utilizing an inorganic compound containingg phosphorus and sulfur 815 ...Forming phosphorus to carbon bond 816 ..Oxygen bonded directly to the phosphorus 817 ...Halogen attached indirectly to the phosphorus by acyclic nonionic bonding 818 ...Forming phosphorus to halogen bond 819 ...Forming phosphorus to carbon bond 820 ..Forming phosphorus to carbon bond 821 .Sulfur halides (i.e., compounds having halogen attached directly to sulfur by nonionic bonding) 822 ..Nitrogen bonded directly to the sulfur 823 ...Phosphorus, -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, additional chalcogen attached directly to the nitrogen by nonionic bonding 824 ..The halogen is fluorine 825 ...Chalcogen double bonded directly to the sulfur (e.g., sulfonyl fluorides, etc.) 826 ....Benzene attached directly or indirectly to the sulfur by nonionic bonding 827 ..Chalcogen double bonded directly to the sulfur (e.g., sulfinyl halides, etc.) 828 ...Plural chalcogens double bonded directly to the sulfur (e.g., sulfonyl halides, etc.) 829 ....Processes for forming the sulfonyl halide group utilizing elemental halogen 830 ....Preparing utilizing thionyl halide or carbonyl dihalide (e.g., phosgene, etc.) 831 ....Plural sulfonyl halide groups attached indirectly to each other by nonionic bonding 832 ....Nitrogen, other than as nitro or nitroso, attached indirectly to the sulfur by nonionic bonding 833 ....Chalcogen attached indirectly to the sulfur by nonionic bonding 834 ....Halogen attached indirectly to the sulfur by nonionic bonding 835 ..Chalcogen or nitrogen attached indirectly to the sulfur by nonionic bonding 836 ..Perchloro methyl mercaptan per se (i.e., trichloromethane sulfenyl chloride) 837 .Compounds having the -(O=)S(=O)-NH-halo group (i.e., N-halo sulfonamides, wherein substitution may be made for hydrogen only) 838 .Thiocarboxylic halides (i.e., compounds having the -C(=S)-halo group) 839 ..Additional halogen bonded directly to the -C(=S)- group (e.g., thiophosgene, etc.) 840 .Carboxylic halides (i.e., compounds having the -C(=O)-halo group) 841 ..With preservative or stabilizer 842 ..Boron or phosphorus attached directly or indirectly to the carbonyl group by nonionic bonding 843 ..Carbonyl bonded directly to the carbonyl group (e.g., oxalyl chlorides, etc.) 844 ..Nitrogen bonded directly to the carbonyl group (e.g., carbamyl chlorides, etc.) 845 ...Chalcogen or additional carbonyl bonded directly to the nitrogen 846 ...Processes utilizing phosgene as a reactantt 847 ..Phosgene, per se 848 ..Processes utilizing carbon monoxide as a reactant 849 ..Fluorine is the halogen (i.e., carboxylic fluorides) 850 ...Plural -C(=O)-F groups attached indirectly to each other by nonionic bonding 851 ...Processes for forming the carbonyl group 852 ...Processes for forming the carbonyl to fluoride bond 853 ..Plural -C(=O)-halo groups attached indirectly to each other by nonionic bonding 854 ...Preparing utilizing phosgene 855 ...Plural -C(=O)-halo groups bonded directly to the same benzene ring 856 ..Processes 857 ...Phosgene reactant 858 ...Ketene reactant 859 ...Forming the carbonyl group 860 ....By oxidizing a halogenated olefin 861 ...Forming the carbonyl to halide bond 862 ....Reactant having halogen bonded directly to sulfur by nonionic bonding 863 ....Elemental halogen or hydrogen halide utilized 864 ...Halogenation 865 ...Dehalogenation or dehydrohalogenation 866 ...Purification or recovery 867 ..Alicyclic ring containing 868 ..Nitrogen attached indirectly to the carbonyl group by nonionic bonding 869 .Containing -C(=X)-CN, wherein X is chalcogen (e.g., carbonyl cyanides, etc.) 870 .Sulfonyl isocyanates or sulfonyl isothiocyanates, (i.e., compounds having the -S(=O)(=O)-N=C=X group, wherein X is oxygen or sulfur) 871 .Containing -C(=X)-N=C=X or -C(=X)-X-N=N-X-, wherein the X's may be the same or diverse chalcogens 872 .Sulfonic anhydrides (i.e., compounds having the -S(=O)(=O)-O-S(=O)(O=) group 873 .Containing -S(=O)(=O)-CN or -S(=O)(=O)-N=S=O 874 .Containing -C(=X)-NH-X-C(=X)- or -C(=X)-NH-X-S(=O)(=O)-, wherein substitution may be made for hydrogen only, and the X's may be the same or diverse chalcogens 875 .Containing -C(=NH)-X-C(=X)-, wherein substitution may be made for hydrogen only, and the X's may be the same or diverse chalcogens 876 .Phosphorus bonded directly to the single bonded X of a -C(=X)-X-group, wherein the X's may be the same or diverse chalcogens 877 .Phosphorus bonded directly to cyano or to -N=C=X, wherein X is chalcogen 878 .Two phosphori bonded directly to the same divalent chalcogen atom (e.g., pyrophosphorus compounds, etc.) 879 .Containing -C(=X)-X-N(=O) or -C(=X)-X-S(=O)(=O)-, wherein the X's may be the same or diverse chalcogens 880 .Containing -C(=X)-NH-X-NH-C(=X)- or -C(=X)-X-NH-S(=O)(=O)-, wherein substitution may be made for hydrogen only, and the X's may be the same or diverse chalcogens 881 .Containing -C(=X)-NH-X-halo, wherein substitution may be made for hydrogen only, and the X's may be the same or diverse chalcogenss 882 .Boron bonded directly to the single bonded X of a -C(=X)-X- group, wherein the X's may be the same or diverse chalcogens 883 .Two borons bonded directly to the same divalent chalcogen atom (e.g., boroxoles, etc.) 884 .Boron bonded directly to the single bonded oxygen of a -S(=O)(=O)-O- group 885 .Compounds having the -S-SCN group bonded directly to carbon, which carbon may be single bonded to any atom but may be multiple bonded only to carbon 886 .Thiocarboxylic acid anhydrides (i.e., compounds having the -C(=X)-X C(=X)- group, wherein the X's may be the same or diverse chalcogens and at least one X is sulfur) 887 .Carboxylic acid anhydrides (i.e., compounds having the -C(=O)-O-C(=O)- group) 888 ..Processes of forming the -C(=O)-O-C(=O)- group 889 ...Aldehyde reactant 890 ...Carbon monoxide or metal carbonyl reactant 891 ....Ether or carboxylic acid ester reactant 892 ...Ketone or ketene reactant 893 ...Ether or carboxylic acid ester reactant 894 ...Carboxylic acid salt reactant 895 ...Dehydration of two like or different molecules of carboxylic acid 896 ....Vapor phase 897 ...Carboxylic acid halide reactant 898 ..Purification or recovery 899 .Selenium or tellurium containing