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Class Number: 976
Class Title: NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
Subclass Subclass
Number Title
DIG 1 ALLEGED CONTROLLED FUSION REACTORS (G21B-1/00) **
(uncontrolled reactors DIG. 423; arrangements for heating or
confining plasma H05H-1/02)
DIG 2 .Combined fission-fusion reactors [G21B-1/00B] *** (see
also DIG. 5+)
DIG 3 .Inertial confinement fusion reactor [G21B-1/00C] ***
(plasma produced by laser H05H-1/22B; by particle beam
H05H-1/22C)
DIG 4 .Using a beam of particles some of which react with other
particles [G21B-1/02]
DIG 5 NUCLEAR REACTORS [G21C-1/00] *** (fusion reactors
H05H-1/00; nuclear explosives DIG. 423; analogue computers
therefor G06G-7/54)
DIG 6 .Integral reactors (i.e., the reactor core and the heat
exchanger are placed in one vessel; the reactor vessel and the
heat exchanger form an integral construction) [G21C-1/00B]
DIG 7 ..Where the prime mover is also placed in the vessel
[G21C-1/00B2]
DIG 8 ..Where the heat exchanger is disposed above the core
[G21C-1/00B3]
DIG 9 ..Where the heat exchanger is disposed beneath the core
[G21C-1/00B4]
DIG 10 ..Where the heat exchanger is disposed beside the core
[G21C-1/00B5]
DIG 11 .Fast fission reactors (i.e., reactors not using a
moderator; metal cooled reactors; fast breeders) [G21C-1/02]
DIG 12 ..Characterized by the concept and properties of the core
[G21C-1/02B]
DIG 13 ...Where the core is divided into zones with fuel and zones
with breeding material [G21C-1/02B2]
DIG 14 ..Cooled by a not essentially pressurized coolant (e.g.,
tub type) [G21C-1/02D] *** (cooling arrangements DIG. 187+)
DIG 15 ..Cooled by a pressurized coolant [G21C-1/02F] *** (cooling
arrangements DIG. 187+)
DIG 16 .Thermal reactors; Epithermal reactors [G21C-1/04]
DIG 17 ..Heterogeneous reactors (i.e., in which the fuel and
moderator are separated) [G21C-1/06]
DIG 18 ...Pebble-bed reactors; Reactors with granular fuel
[G21C-1/06B]
DIG 19 ...Moderator being highly pressurized (e.g., boiling water
reactor; integral super-heat reactor; pressurized water
reactor) [G21C-1/08] *** (DIG. 30 takes precedence)
DIG 20 ....Pressure regulating arrangements; "pressurizers"
[G21C-1/08B]
DIG 21 ....Reactors where the coolant is overheated [G21C-1/08D]
DIG 22 ....Boiling water reactors [G21C-1/08E]
DIG 23 ....Pressurized water reactors [G21C-1/08F]
DIG 24 ....Moderator and coolant being different or separated
[G21C-1/10]
DIG 25 .....Moderator being solid (e.g., Magnox reactor,
gas-graphite reactor [G21C-1/12]
DIG 26 ...Moderator being substantially not pressurized (e.g.,,
swimming-pool reactor [G21C-1/14] *** (DIG. 30 takes
precedence)
DIG 27 ....Moderator and coolant being different or separated
(e.g., sodium-graphite reactor, sodium-heavy water reactor,
organic coolant-heavy water reactor) [G21C-1/16]
DIG 28 .....Coolant being pressurized [G21C-1/18]
DIG 29 ......Moderator being liquid (e.g., pressure-tube reactor,
also the construction of the pressure-tubes) [G21C-1/20]
DIG 30 ...Using fluid or fluent fuel [G21C-1/22] *** (With
granular fuel DIG. 18)
DIG 31 ..Homogeneous reactors (i.e., in which the fuel and
moderator present an effectively homogeneous medium to the
neutrons) [G21C-1/24]
DIG 32 ...Single-region reactors [G21C-1/26]
DIG 33 ...Two-region reactors [G21C-1/28]
DIG 34 .Subcritical reactors; Experimental reactors with exception
of swimming-pool reactors, zero-energy reactors [G21C-1/30]
DIG 35 ..Experimental and irradiation arrangements inside the
reactor [G21C-1/30B] *** (irradiation loops DIG. 36; material
testing by neutrons G01N-23/00B)
DIG 36 ..Irradiation loops [G21C-1/30D]
DIG 37 REACTOR FUEL ELEMENTS AND THEIR ASSEMBLIES; SELECTION OF
SUBSTANCES FOR USE AS REACTOR FUEL ELEMENTS [G21C-3/00]
DIG 38 .Fuel elements [G21C-3/02] *** (manufacturing DIG. 283)
DIG 39 ..Constructional details [G21C-3/04]
DIG 40 ...Means for removal of gases from fuel elements
[G21C-3/04B]
DIG 41 ...Fuel elements comprising casings with a mass of granular
fuel with coolant passages through them [G21C-3/04C]
DIG 42 ...Fuel elements with porous or capillary structure
[G21C-3/04D]
DIG 43 ...Casings; Jackets; Jacket materials [G21C-3/06]
DIG 44 ....Jacket materials (e.g., alloys) [G21C-3/06B]
DIG 45 ....Provided with external means to promote heat-transfer
(e.g., fins, baffles) [G21C-3/08]
DIG 46 ....End closures; means for tight mounting therefor
[G21C-3/10]
DIG 47 .....Flattened end-closures [G21C-3/10B]
DIG 48 ....Means forming part of the element for locating it
within the reactor core [G21C-3/12] *** (means not forming
part of the element DIG. 102)
DIG 49 ....Means forming part of the element for inserting it
into, or removing it from, the core; Means for coupling
adjacent elements (e.g., to form a stringer) [G21C-3/14]
DIG 50 ...Details of the construction within the casing
[G21C-3/16]
DIG 51 ....Means for storage or immobilization of gases in fuel
elements [G21C-3/16B]
DIG 52 ....Internal spacers; Other nonactive material within the
casings (e.g., compensating for expansion of fuel rod;
compensating for excess reactivity) [G21C-3/18] ***
(interlayers DIG. 53)
DIG 53 ....With coating on fuel or on inside of casing; with
nonactive interlayer between casing and active material;
with multiple casings or multiple active layers [G21C-3/20]
DIG 54 ..Elements with fissile or breeder material in contact with
coolant [G21C-3/22]
DIG 55 ..Elements with fissile or breeder material in fluid formm
within a nonactive casing [G21C-3/24]
DIG 56 ..Elements with fissile or breeder material in powder form
within a nonactive casing [G21C-3/26] *** (DIG. 57 takes
precedence)
DIG 57 ..Elements with fissile or breeder material in solid form
within a nonactive casing [G21C-3/28]
DIG 58 .Assemblies of number of fuel elements in the form of a
rigid unit [G21C-3/30]
DIG 59 ..Bundles of parallel pin-, rod-, or tube-shaped fuel
elements [G21C-3/32]
DIG 60 ...Means to influence the coolant flow through or around
the assembly [G21C-3/32B] *** (DIG. 246 takes precedence)
DIG 61 ...Coats and envelope surrounding the assembly
[G21C-3/32C]
DIG 62 ...Made of moderator-material [G21C-3/32D]
DIG 63 ...Comprising fuel-elements of various compositions;
comprising other pin-, rod-, or tube-like forms [G21C-3/32G]
*** (elements influencing the coolant flow DIG. 60)
DIG 64 ....Special arrangements of elements in the
assembly-lattice (e.g., fissile rods, fertile rods, water
rods, poison rods, dummy-rods) [G21C-3/32G2]
DIG 65 ...Supporting or hanging the elements in the assembly
[G21C-3/32H] *** (Spacer grids DIG. 71); Means forming part
of the assembly for inserting it into, or removing it from,
the core; Means for coupling adjacent assemblies (means
forming part of the element for inserting it into, or
removing it from, the core; or means for coupling adjacent
elements DIG. 49)
DIG 66 ....Supports for spacer grids [G21C-3/32H2]
DIG 67 ...Means for the storage or removal of fission gases
[G21C-3/32K] *** (means for the storage of fission gases in
the elements DIG. 50; means for the removal of fission gases
from elements DIG. 39+)
DIG 68 ...Assembling the bundle; Exchange of elements in the
bundle [G21C-3/32L]
DIG 69 ...Spacer elements [G21C-3/32M] *** (spacer grids DIG. 71)
DIG 70 ....Helicoidal spacer elements [G21C-3/32M2]
DIG 71 ...Spacer grids; other spacer devices [G21C-3/34]
DIG 72 ....Compact spacer grids (e.g., made of a plate or a blade)
[G21C-3/34A]
DIG 73 ....Spacer grids formed of assembled tubular elements
[G21C-3/34B]
DIG 74 ....Spacer grids wherein each cell has a circular cross
section; cells formed of assembled metallic nonintersecting
strips [G21C-3/34C]
DIG 75 ....Spacer grids wherein each cell has a polygonal (e.g.,
square cross section) ; cells formed of assembled metallic
nonintersecting strips [G21C-3/34D]
DIG 76 .....Polygonal cells formed of intersecting strips
[G21C-3/34D2]
DIG 77 ......The cells being provided with fuel element supporting
members [G21C-3/34D2A]
DIG 78 .......Supporting members formed only by deformations in
the intersecting strips [G21C-3/34D2A2]
DIG 79 .......Supporting members formed only of elements fixed on
the strips (e.g., by welding) [G21C-3/34D2A4]
DIG 80 ....Spacer grids formed by metallic wires (e.g., springs)
[G21C-3/34E]]
DIG 81 ....Fabrication of spacer grids [G21C-3/34F]
DIG 82 ..Assemblies of plate-shaped fuel elements or coaxial tubes
[G21C-3/36]
DIG 83 .Fuel units consisting of a single fuel element in a
supporting sleeve or in another supporting element [G21C-3/38]
DIG 84 .Structural combination of fuel element with thermoelectric
element for direct production of electric energy from fission
heat; or with another arrangement for direct production of
electric energy (e.g., a thermionic device) [G21C-3/40] ***
(temperature measurement DIG. 236; combination with
thermoelements for temperature measurements DIG. 241)
DIG 85 .Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel
[G21C-3/42]
DIG 86 ..Fluid or fluent reactor fuel [G21C-3/44]
DIG 87 ...Aqueous compositions [G21C-3/46]
DIG 88 ....True or colloidal solutions of the active constituent
[G21C-3/48]
DIG 89 ....Suspensions of the active constituent; Slurries
[G21C-3/50]
DIG 90 ...Liquid metal compositions [G21C-3/52]
DIG 91 ...Fused salt, oxide or hydroxide compositions [G21C-3/54]
DIG 92 ...Gaseous compositions; Suspensions in a gaseous carrier
[G21C-3/56]
DIG 93 ..Solid reactor fuel; Pellets made of fissile material
[G21C-3/58]
DIG 94 ...Metallic fuel; Intermetallic dispersions [G21C-3/60]
DIG 95 ...Ceramic fuel [G21C-3/62]
DIG 96 ....Oxide fuels [G21C-3/62B]
DIG 97 ....Coated fuel particles [G21C-3/62J]
DIG 98 ....Ceramic dispersion fuel (e.g., cermet) [G21C-3/64]
DIG 99 MODERATOR OR CORE STRUCTURE; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR USE
AS MODERATOR [G21C-5/00]
DIG 100 .Details [G21C-5/02]
DIG 101 ..Spatial arrangements allowing for Wigner growth
[G21C-5/04]
DIG 102 ..Means for locating or supporting fuel elements
[G21C-5/06] *** (means forming part of the element DIG. 48)
DIG 103 ..Means for preventing undesired asymmetric expansion of
the complete structure (e.g., stretching devices, pins)
[G21C-5/08]
DIG 104 ..Means for supporting the complete structure [G21C-5/10]
*** (arrangements for supporting vessels and core structure
DIG. 168)
DIG 105 .Characterized by composition (e.g., the moderator
containing additional substances which ensure improved heat
resistance of the moderator [G21C-5/12] *** (purification of
fluid moderators during the operation of the reactor DIG. 266)
DIG 106 ..Moderators made of organic materials [G21C-5/12B]
DIG 107 ..Carbonic moderators [G21C-5/12G]
DIG 108 .Characterized by shape [G21C-5/14]
DIG 109 ..Shape of its constituent parts [G21C-5/16]
DIG 110 .Characterized by the provision of more than one active
zone [G21C-5/18]
DIG 111 ..Wherein one zone contains fissile material and another
zone contains breeder material [G21C-5/20]
DIG 112 ..Wherein one zone is a superheating zone [G21C-5/22]
DIG 113 CONTROL OF NUCLEAR REACTION [G21C-7/00]
DIG 114 .Flux flattening [G21C-7/00B]]
DIG 115 .By using self-regulating properties of reactor materials
(e.g., Doppler effect) [G21C-7/02] *** (arrangements that
involve temperature stability DIG. 136)
DIG 116 ..Of burnable poisons [G21C-7/04]
DIG 117 .By application of neutron-absorbing material (i.e.,
material with absorption cross section very much in excess of
reflection cross section) [G21C-7/06]
DIG 118 ..By displacement of solid control elements (e.g., control
rods) [G21C-7/08]
DIG 119 ...Construction of control elements [G21C-7/10]
DIG 120 ....Control assemblies containing one or more absorbant as
well as other elements (e.g., fuel or moderator elements)
[G21C-7/10B]
DIG 121 ....Control elements adapted for pebble bed reactors
[G21C-7/10C]
DIG 122 ....Deformable control elements (e.g., flexible, telescopic
or articulated) [G21C-7/10D]
DIG 123 ....Control elements made of flat elements; Control
elements having cruciform cross section [G21C-7/10E]
DIG 124 ....Cluster or spider control rods [G21C-7/10F]
DIG 125 ...Means for moving control elements to desired position
[G21C-7/12]
DIG 126 ....Mechanical drive arrangements [G21C-7/14]
DIG 127 ....Hydraulic or pneumatic drive [G21C-7/16]
DIG 128 ...Means for obtaining differential movement of control
elements [G21C-7/18]
DIG 129 ...Disposition of shock-absorbing devices; Braking
arrangements [G21C-7/20] *** (shock absorbers in general
F16F)
DIG 130 ..By displacement of a fluid or fluent neutron-absorbing
material (e.g., by adding neutron absorbing material to the
coolant) [G21C-7/22]
DIG 131 ..Selection of substances for use as neutron-absorbing
material [G21C-7/24]
DIG 132 .By displacement of the moderator or parts thereof; by
changing the moderator concentration [G21C-7/26]
DIG 133 ..Spectral shift control [G21C-7/26B]
DIG 134 .By displacement of the reflector or parts thereof
[G21C-7/28]
DIG 135 .By displacement of the reactor fuel or fuel elements
[G21C-7/30]
DIG 136 .By varying flow of coolant through the core; by adjusting
the coolant or moderator temperature [G21C-7/32]
DIG 137 .By utilization of a primary neutron source [G21C-7/34]
DIG 138 .Control circuits [G21C-7/36]
DIG 139 EMERGENCY PROTECTION ARRANGEMENTS STRUCTALLY ASSOCIATED
WITH THE REACTOR (e.g., safety valves provided with pressure
equalization devices) [G21C-9/00] *** (emergency cooling
arrangements DIG. 196)
DIG 140 .Pressure suppression [G21C-9/00B]
DIG 141 ..By rupture discs or diaphragms [G21C-9/00B2]
DIG 142 ..By stream condensation or by thermal accumulation
[G21C-9/00B4]
DIG 143 .Core catchers [G21C-9/00D]
DIG 144 .Against explosions (e.g., blast shields) [G21C-9/00F]
DIG 145 .Against Na- or Ka- reactions [G21C-9/00I]
DIG 146 .Means for effecting very rapid reduction of the reactivity
factor under fault conditions (e.g., reactor fuse, controll
elements having arrangements activated in an emergency)
[G21C-9/02] *** (control elements, per se, DIG. 113+)
DIG 147 ..By fast movement of a solid (e.g, pebbles) [G21C-9/02B]
DIG 148 ..By an absorbant fluid [G21C-9/02D]
DIG 149 ..Reactor fuses [G21C-9/02F]
DIG 150 ..Rupture diaphragms [G21C-9/02H]
DIG 151 .Means for suppressing fires; Earthquake protection
[G21C-9/04]
DIG 152 SHEILDING STRUCTURALLY ASSOCIATED WITH THE REACTOR
[G21C-11/00]
DIG 153 .Biological sheilding; Neutron and gamma shielding
[G21C-11/02] *** (in general DIG. 319+)
DIG 154 ..Inside the reactor vessel [G21C-11/02B]
DIG 155 ...Structurally combined with the casing [G21C-11/02B2]
DIG 156 ..In apertures or channels through a wall [G21C-11/02D]
DIG 157 ..Characterized by the form or by the material
[G21C-11/02F]
DIG 158 ..On waterborne craft [G21C-11/04]
DIG 159 .Reflecting shields (i.e., for minimizing loss of neutrons)
[G21C-11/06]
DIG 160 .Thermal shields; Thermal linings (i.e., for dissipating
heat from gamma radiation which would otherwise heat an outer
biological shield); Thermal insulation [G21C-11/08]
DIG 161 ..Consisting of a nonmetallic layer of insulating material
[G21C-11/08B]
DIG 162 ..Consisting of one or more metallic layers [G21C-11/08D]
DIG 163 ...Consisting exclusively of several metallic layers
[G21C-11/08D2]
DIG 164 ..Consisting of a combination of nonmetallic and metallic
layers (e.g., metal-sand-metal-concrete) [G21C-11/08E]
DIG 165 ..Consisting of a stagnant or a circulating fluid
[G21C-11/08F]
DIG 166 PRESSURE VESSELS; CONTAINMENT VESSELS [G21C-13/00] ***
(chemical or physical processes B01J-3/00; pressure vessels in
general F16J-12/00)
DIG 167 .Details (e.g., seals, supporting constructions,
ventillating arrangements, tube joints with a vessel wall)
[G21C-13/02]
DIG 168 ..Supporting constructions for pressure vessels or
containers [G21C-13/02B]
DIG 169 ..Seals (e.g., for pressure vessels or containers
[G21C-13/02D]
DIG 170 ...For container apertures [G21C-13/02D2]
DIG 171 ..Tube joints with a vessel wall (e.g., taking into account
thermal stresses) [G21C-13/02F]
DIG 172 ..Ventillating arrangements [G21C-13/02G]
DIG 173 ..Tube crossings through a vessel wall [G21C-13/02H]
DIG 174 ..Arrangements for expansion and contraction [G21C-13/04]
DIG 175 ..Sealing plugs [G21C-13/06]
DIG 176 ...For tubes (e.g., standpipes; Locking-devices for the
plugs included) [G21C-13/06B]
DIG 177 ....Seals for the plugs [G21C-13/06B2]
DIG 178 ...Closures for reactor-vessels (also rotatable)
[G21C-13/06D]
DIG 179 ....Seals for closures or for rotatable closures
[G21C-13/06D2]
DIG 180 .Vessels characterized by the material; Selection of
materials for pressure vessels [G21C-13/08]]
DIG 181 ..Metallic vessels [G21C-13/08B]
DIG 182 ...Tube-type vessels (e.g., for not essentially pressurized
coolants) [G21C-13/08B2]
DIG 183 ..Concrete vessels [G21C-13/08D]
DIG 184 ...Made of prestressed-concrete [G21C-13/08D2]
DIG 185 ....Particulars concerning pre-stressing devices (and
cables) [G21C-13/08D2B]
DIG 186 .Means for preventing contamination in the event of leakage
(e.g., double wall) [G21C-13/10]
DIG 187 COOLING ARRANGEMENTS WITHIN THE PRESSURE VESSEL CONTAINING
THE CORE; SELECTION OF SPECIFIC COOLANTS [G21C-15/00]
DIG 188 .Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is
transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
[G21C-15/02] *** (DIG. 246 takes precedence); (coolant flow
control through fuel assemblies (e.g., flow restrictors) DIG.
60)
DIG 189 ..From fissile or breeder material [G21C-15/04] *** (DIG.
59 takes precedence)
DIG 190 ...In fuel elements [G21C-15/06]
DIG 191 ..From moderating material [G21C-15/08]
DIG 192 ..From reflector or thermal shield [G21C-15/10]
DIG 193 ..From pressure vessel; from containment vessel
[G21C-15/12]
DIG 194 ..From headers; from joints in ducts [G21C-15/14]
DIG 195 .Comprising means for separating liquid and steam
[G21C-15/16]
DIG 196 .Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
[G21C-15/18]
DIG 197 .Partitions or thermal insulation between fuel channel and
moderator [G21C-15/20]
DIG 198 .Structural association of coolant tubes with headers
[G21C-15/22]
DIG 199 .Promoting flow of the coolant [G21C-15/24]
DIG 200 ..For liquids [G21C-15/24B]
DIG 201 ...For liquid metals [G21C-15/24B2]
DIG 202 ...Jet-pumps [G21C-15/24B4]
DIG 203 ..For gases (ventilators) [G21C-15/24D]
DIG 204 ..Heat-pipes [G21C-15/24F]
DIG 205 ..By convection (e.g., using chimneys, using divergent
channels [G21C-15/26]
DIG 206 .Selection of specific coolants; additions to the reactor
coolants (e.g., against moderator corrosion) [G21C-15/28] ***
(if serving as the moderator DIG.105, Compositions, per se,
C09K-5/00; Organic coolants DIG. 106; purification and
regeneration of the reactor coolants DIG. 266)
DIG 207 MONITORING; TESTING; MAINTAINING [G21C-17/00]
DIG 208 .Mechanical simulators [G21C-17/00B] *** (electrical or
magnetic simulators G06G-7/54)
DIG 209 .Detection of leaks [G21C-17/00C] *** (by testing the
coolant or the moderator DIG. 224)
DIG 210 .Remote inspection of vessels (e.g., pressure vessels)
[G21C-17/00D]
DIG 211 ..Inspection of outer surfaces of vessels [G21C-17/00D1]
DIG 212 ..Inspection of inner surfaces of vessels [G21C-17/00D2]
DIG 213 ..Inspection vehicles [G21C-17/00D3]
DIG 214 .Inspection or maintenance of pipe-lines or tubes in
nuclear installations [G21C-17/00F]
DIG 215 .Devices or arrangements for monitoring coolant orr
moderator [G21C-17/02]
DIG 216 ..For monitoring liquid coolants or moderators
[G21C-17/02B]
DIG 217 ...For monitoring liquid metal coolants [G21C-17/02B2] ***
(molten metal sampling in general G01N-1/12B)
DIG 218 ....Liquid metal leaks detection [G21C-17/02B2B] ***
(detecting leaks in pipe-line systems in general F17D-5/00)
DIG 219 ..For monitoring gaseous coolants [G21C-17/02D]
DIG 220 ..Solid moderators testing (e.g., graphite) [G21C-17/02F]
DIG 221 ..Reactor coolants flow measuring or monitoring
[G21C-17/02H] *** (measuring volume or mass flow in general
G01F)
DIG 222 ..Moderator or coolant level detection devices
[G21C-17/02K] *** (indicating or measuring liquid level in
general G01F-23/00)
DIG 223 ..Moderator or coolant boiling detection [G21C-17/02M]
DIG 224 ..Detecting burst slugs [G21C-17/04]
DIG 225 ...Characterized by (matrix) systems for checking the
coolant channels [G21C-17/04B]
DIG 226 ...Devices for selective sampling (e.g., valves, shutters,
rotatable selector valves) [G21C-17/04D]
DIG 227 ...Detectors and metering devices for the detection of
fission products [G21C-17/04F]
DIG 228 ....Precipitation chambers [G21C-17/04F2]
DIG 229 ....Detection and metering circuits [G21C-17/04F4]
DIG 230 ...Characterized by a special construction of fuel elements
(e.g., by a confined "tracer") [G21C-17/04H]
DIG 231 .Devices or arrangements for monitoring or testing fuel or
fuel elements (e.g., for burn-up, for contamination, for
leak-tightness) not during reactor operation [G21C-17/06] ***
(DIG. 235, DIG. 236 take precedence) (detection of leaking fuel
elements during reactor operation DIG. 224)
DIG 232 ..Leak-tightness control [G21C-17/06B] *** (DIG. 234 takes
precedence)
DIG 233 ..Burn-up control [G21C-17/06D] *** (DIG. 234 takes
precedence)
DIG 234 ..Control of spherical elements [G21C-17/06F]
DIG 235 .Structural combination of reactor core or moderator
structure with viewing means (e.g., with television camera,
periscope, window) [G21C-17/08]
DIG 236 .Structural combination of fuel element, control rod,
reactor core, or moderator structure with sensitive instruments
(e.g., for measuring temperature) [G21C-17/10]
DIG 237 ..Measuring reactivity [G21C-17/10B]
DIG 238 ..Measuring the reactor flux within the reactor (e.g.,
within its pressure vessel) [G21C-17/10D]
DIG 239 ..Measuring the temperature [G21C-17/10E]
DIG 240 ..Passages and insulators for electric cables and for
measuring purposes [G21C-17/10G]
DIG 241 ..The sensitive element being part of a fuel element or a
fuel assembly [G21C-17/10S] *** (structural combination with a
thermoelectric element for direct production of electrical
energy DIG. 84)
DIG 242 ..Sensitive element forming part of control element
[G21C-17/12]
DIG 243 .Period meters [G21C-17/14]
DIG 244 ARRANGEMENTS FOR TREATING, FOR HANDLING, OR FOR
FACILITATING THE HANDLING OF, FUEL OR OTHER MATERIALS WHICH AREE
USED WITHIN THE REACTOR (e.g., within its pressure vessel)
[G21C-19/00]
DIG 245 .Details of handling arrangements [G21C-19/02]
DIG 246 ..Means for controlling flow of coolant over objects being
handled; Means for controlling flow of coolant through channel
being serviced (e.g., for preventing "blow-out") [G21C-19/04]
DIG 247 ..Magazines for holding fuel element or control elements
[G21C-19/06]
DIG 248 ...Storage racks; Storage pools [G21C-19/06B]
DIG 249 ...Rotatable magazines [G21C-19/06D]
DIG 250 ..Means for heating fuel elements before introduction into
the core; Means for heating or cooling fuel elements after
removal from the core [G21C-19/08]
DIG 251 ..Lifting devices or pulling devices adapted for
cooperation with fuel elements or with control elements
[G21C-19/10]
DIG 252 ...With grasping or spreading coupling elements
[G21C-19/10B]
DIG 253 ...With revolving coupling elements (e.g., socket coupling)
[G21C-19/10D]
DIG 254 ...With latching devices and ball couplings [G21C-19/10F]
DIG 255 ..Arrangements for exerting direct hydraulic or pneumatic
force on fuel element or on control element [G21C-19/12]
DIG 256 .Characterized by their adaptation for use with horizontal
channels in the reactor core [G21C-19/14]
DIG 257 .Articulated or telescopic chutes or tubes for the
connection to channels in the reactor core [G21C-19/16]
DIG 258 .Apparatus for bringing fuel elements to the reactor charge
area (e.g., from a storage place) [G21C-19/18]
DIG 259 .Arrangements for introducing object into the pressure
vessel; Arrangements for handling objects within the pressure
vessel; Arrangements for removing objects from the pressure
vessel [G21C-19/20]
DIG 260 ..Arrangements for handling ball-form (i.e., pebble fuel)
[G21C-19/20A]
DIG 261 ..Interchanging of fuel elements in the core (fuel
shuffling) [G21C-19/20B]
DIG 262 ..Arrangements for obtaining access to the interior of a
pressure vessel while the reactor is operating [G21C-19/22]
DIG 263 ...By using an auxiliary vessel which is temporarily sealed
to the pressure vessel [G21C-19/24]
DIG 264 .Arrangements for removing jammed or damaged fuel elements
or control elements; Arrangements for moving broken parts
thereof [G21C-19/26]
DIG 265 .Arrangements for introducing fluent material into the
reactor core; Arrangements for removing fluent material from
the reactor core [G21C-19/28] *** (pumping coolant DIG. 199+
and 294)
DIG 266 ..With continuous purification of circulating fluent
material (e.g., by extraction of fission products,
deterioration or corrosion products, impurities (e.g., by cold
traps) [G21C-19/30] *** (purification of circulating fluid
fuels DIG. 281; separation in general B01D)
DIG 267 ...Specially adapted for gases [G21C-19/30B] ***
(decontamination of gases DIG. 378)
DIG 268 ...Specially adapted for liquids [G21C-19/30D] ***
(decontamination of liquids DIG. 379)
DIG 269 ....For molten metals [G21C-19/30D2]]
DIG 270 .....Using "cold traps" [G21C-19/30D2B]
DIG 271 ...Recombination devices [G21C-19/30R]
DIG 272 .Apparatus for removing radioactive objects or materials
from the reactor discharge area (e.g., to a storage place);
Apparatus for handling radioactive objects or materials within
a storage place or removing them therefrom [G21C-19/32] ***
(disposal of waste material DIG. 375+)
DIG 273 .Apparatus or processes for removing canning or casings
from fuel; Separation of fuel and jacket material; also fuel
elements, perforation (e.g., for sampling); Separation of fuel
elements and fuel element-jackets in pieces; removal of end
closures [G21C-19/34] *** (shielded cells DIG. 355+)
DIG 274 ..Mechanical means only [G21C-19/36]
DIG 275 ..Chemical means only [G21C-19/38]
DIG 276 .Arrangements for preventing occurence of critical
conditions (e.g., during storage) [G21C-19/40]
DIG 277 .Reprocessing of irradiated fuel [G21C-19/42]
DIG 278 ..Of irradiated solid fuel [G21C-19/44]
DIG 279 ...Aqueous processes (e.g., by using organic extraction
means, including the regeneration of these means)
[G21C-19/46]
DIG 280 ...Nonaqueous processes [G21C-19/48]
DIG 281 ..Of irradiated fuel; also the regeneration of the fuels
while the reactor is in operation [G21C-19/50]
DIG 282 APPARATUS OR PROCESSES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO THE MANUFACTURE
OF REACTORS OR PARTS THEREOF [G21C-21/00] *** (in general
Section B, e.g., B23)
DIG 283 .Manufacture of fuel elements or breeder elements contained
in nonactive casings [G21C-21/02]
DIG 284 ..By vibrational compaction or tamping of fuel in the
jacket [G21C-21/04]
DIG 285 ..By rotatable swaging of the jacket around the fuel
[G21C-21/06]
DIG 286 ..By a slip-fit cladding process; by crimping the jacket
around the fuel [G21C-21/08]
DIG 287 ..By extrusion, drawing, or stretching; by rolling (e.g.,
"picture frame" technique) [G21C-21/10]
DIG 288 ..By hydrostatic or thermo-pneumatic cannings (in general
by pressing without lenthening, e.g., explosive coating)
[G21C-21/12]
DIG 289 ..By plating the fuel in a fluid [G21C-21/14]
DIG 290 ..By casting or dipping techniques [G21C-21/16]
DIG 291 ..Manufacture of control elements covered by DIG. 113+
[G21C-21/18]
DIG 292 DETAILS OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANT [G21D-1/00] *** (control
DIG. 296)
DIG 293 .Nuclear facilities decommissioning arrangements
[G21D-1/00B] *** (decontamination arrangements; treating
radioactively contaminated material DIG. 375+)
DIG 294 .Arrangements of auxiliary equipment [G21D-1/02]
DIG 295 .Pumping arrangements [G21D-1/04] *** (within the reactor
pressure vessel DIG. 199+; electrodynamic pumps H02K-44/02)
DIG 296 CONTROL OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANT [G21D-3/00] *** (control of
nuclear reaction in general DIG. 113)
DIG 297 .Manual control [G21D-3/02]
DIG 298 .Safety arrangements [G21D-3/04] *** (emergency protection
of reactor DIG. 139+)
DIG 299 ..Responsive to faults within the plant [G21D-3/06] *** (inn
the reactor DIG. 139+)
DIG 300 .Regulation of any parameters in the plant [G21D-3/08]
DIG 301 ..By a combination of a variable derived from neutron flux
with other controlling variables (e.g., derived from
temperature, cooling flow, pressure) [G21D-3/10]
DIG 302 ..By adjustment of the reactor in response only to changes
in engine demand [G21D-3/12]
DIG 303 ...Varying flow of coolant [G21D-3/14]
DIG 304 ...Varying reactivity [G21D-3/16]
DIG 305 ..By adjustment of plant external to the reactor only in
response to change in reactivity [G21D-3/18]
DIG 306 ARRANGEMENTS OF REACTOR AND ENGINE IN WHICH
REACTOR-PRODUCED HEAT IS CONVERTED INTO MECHANICAL ENERGY
[G21D-5/00]
DIG 307 .Reactor and engine structurally combined (e.g., portable)
[G21D-5/02]
DIG 308 .Reactor and engine not structurally combined [G21D-5/04]
DIG 309 ..With engine working medium circulating through reactor
core [G21D-5/06]
DIG 310 ..With engine working medium heated in a heat exhanger by
the reactor coolant [G21D-5/08]
DIG 311 ...Liquid working medium partially heated by reactor and
vaporized by heat source external to the core (e.g., with oil
heating) [G21D-5/10]
DIG 312 ...Liquid working medium vaporized by reactor coolant
[G21D-5/12]
DIG 313 ....And also superheated by reactor coolant [G21D-5/14]
DIG 314 ....Superheated by separate heat source [G21D-5/16]
DIG 315 ARRANGEMENTS FOR DIRECT PRODUCTION OF ELECTRIC ENERGY FROM
FUSION OR FISSION REACTIONS [G21D-7/00] *** (obtaining electric
energy from radioactive sources DIG. 410)
DIG 316 .Using magneto-hydrodynamic generators [G21D-7/02]
DIG 317 .Using thermoelectric elements and/or thermoionic
converters [G21D-7/04] *** (structural combination of fuel
element with thermoelectric element and/or thermoionic
converter DIG. 84; structural combination of fuel element with
thermoelectric element DIG. 415, DIG. 84)
DIG 318 ARRANGEMENTS TO PROVIDE HEAT FOR PURPOSES OTHER THAN
CONVERSION INTO POWER (e.g., for heating buildings) [G21D-9/00]
DIG 319 SHIELDING CHARACTERIZED BY THE COMPOSITION OF THE MATERIALS
[G21F-1/00]
DIG 320 .Selection of uniform shielding materials [G21F-1/02]
DIG 321 ..Liquids [G21F-1/02B]
DIG 322 ..Semi-liquids, gels, pastes [G21F-1/02C]
DIG 323 ..Concretes; Other hydraulic hardening materials
[G21F-1/04]
DIG 324 ...Combined with other materials dispersed in the carrier
[G21F-1/04B]
DIG 325 ....With organic substances [G21F-1/04B2]
DIG 326 ....With metals [G21F-1/04B4]
DIG 327 ..Ceramics; Glasses; Refractories [G21F-1/06] *** (cermets
DIG. 328)
DIG 328 ..Metals; Alloys; Cermets (i.e., sintered mixtures of
ceramics and metals) [G21F-1/08]
DIG 329 ...Heavy metals or alloys [G21F-1/08B]
DIG 330 ..Organic substances; Dispersions in organic carriers
[G21F-1/10]
DIG 331 ...Dispersions in organic carriers [G21F-1/10B]]
DIG 332 ....Metallic dispersions [G21F-1/10B2]
DIG 333 .Laminated shielding materials [G21F-1/12]
DIG 334 ..Comprising metals [G21F-1/12B]
DIG 335 SHIELDING CHARACTERIZED BY ITS PHYSICAL FORM (e.g.,
granules or shape of the material) [G21F-3/00]
DIG 336 .Clothing [G21F-3/02]
DIG 337 ..Clothing surrounding the wearer completely [G21F-3-02B]
DIG 338 ..Aprons [G21F-3/02C]
DIG 339 ..Gloves [G21F-3/02D] *** (mounting means on glove boxes
DIG. 363)
DIG 340 .Bricks; Shields made up therefrom [G21F-3/04]
DIG 341 TRANSPORTABLE OR PORTABLE SHIELDED CONTAINERS [G21F-5/00]
DIG 342 .Containers for fluid wastes [G21F-5/00A]
DIG 343 .Containers for solid radioactive wastes (e.g., ultimate
disposal containers) [G21F-5/00B] *** (DIG. 347 takes
precedence)
DIG 344 ..Containers for fuel elements [G21F-5/00B2]
DIG 345 ...Fuel element racks in the container [G21F-5/00B2B]
DIG 346 .Shock absorbers, specially adapted therefor (e.g., impact
buffers for containers) [G21F5-00D]
DIG 347 .Containers provided with a rotatable drum [G21F-5/00F]
DIG 348 .Specially adapted heat removal systems (e.g., by a
circulating fluid or by cooling fins.); Specially adapted
protection against external fire [G21F-5/00H]
DIG 349 .Closures for containers or corresponding sealing
arrangements [G21F-5/00J]
DIG 350 .For storing radioactive sources (e.g., source carriers for
irradiation units); Radio isotope containers [G21F-5/00L]
DIG 351 ..Syringe shields and holders [G21F-5/00L2]
DIG 352 .Specially adapted containers or shipping cask handling
devices (e.g., transporting devices) [G21F-5/00N]
DIG 353 .With provision for restricted exposure of a radiation
source within the container [G21F-5/02]
DIG 354 ..Means for controlling exposure (e.g., time, size of
aperture) [G21F-5/04]
DIG 355 SHIELDED CELLS OR ROOMS [G21F-7/00]
DIG 356 .Shielded passages through walls; Locks; Transferring
devices between rooms [G21F-7/00B] *** (between glove-boxes
DIG. 362)
DIG 357 ..Transferring by fluidic means [G21F-7/00B2]
DIG 358 .Room atmosphere, temperature or pressure control devices
[G21F-7/00C] *** (glove-boxes DIG. 364)
DIG 359 .Observation devices permitting vision but shielding the
observer (e.g., window, periscope) [G21F-7/02]
DIG 360 ..Windows (e.g., shielded) [G21F-7/02B]
DIG 361 .Shielded glove-boxes [G21F-7/04]
DIG 362 ..Shielded passages through walls; Locks; Closing or
transferring means between glove-boxes [G21F-7/04B] *** (in
general DIG. 356)
DIG 363 ..Glove mounting means [G21F-7/04C]
DIG 364 ..Glove-box atmosphere, temperature or pressure control
devices [G21F-7/04D] *** (in general DIG. 358)
DIG 365 ..Lighting [G21F-7/04F]
DIG 366 ..Transportable glove-boxes [G21F-7/04G]
DIG 367 .Structural combination with remotely controlled apparatus
(e.g., with manipulators) [G21F-7/06]
DIG 368 ..Integrated manipulators [G21F-7/06B]
DIG 369 ...Mounted in a wall (e.g., pivotably mounted))
[G21F-7/06B2]
DIG 370 ..Remotely manipulated measuring or controlling devices
[G21F-7/06C] *** (combined with window DIG. 359)
DIG 371 ..Remotely manipulated machinery [G21F-7/06D]
DIG 372 ..Remotely manipulated tools [G21F-7/06F]
DIG 373 ..Transferring devices within cells or boxes [G21F-7/06G]
*** (between cells DIG. 356, 362)
DIG 374 ..Remotely manipulating devices for fluids [G21F-7/06H]
DIG 375 DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY
CONTAMINATED MATERIAL [G21F-9/00]
DIG 376 .Decontamination of contaminated objects, apparatus,
clothes, food; Preventing contamination thereof [G21F-9/00B]
DIG 377 .Recovery of isotopes from radioactive waste (e.g., fission
products [G21F-9/00C]
DIG 378 .Treating gases [G21F-9/02]
DIG 379 .Treating liquids [G21F-9/04]
DIG 380 ..Processing [G21F-9/06]
DIG 381 ...By evaporation; by distillation [G21F-9/08]
DIG 382 ...By flocculation [G21F-9/10]
DIG 383 ...By absorption; by adsorption; by ion exchange
[G21F-9/12]
DIG 384 ...By incineration; by calcination (e.g., desiccation)
[G21F-9/14]
DIG 385 ...By fixation in stable solid media [G21F-9/16]
DIG 386 ...By biological processes [G21F-9/18]
DIG 387 ..Disposal of liquid waste [G21F-9/20]
DIG 388 ...By storage in a tank or other container [G21F-9/22]
DIG 389 ...By storage in the ground; by storage underwater (e.g.,
in ocean) [G21F-9/24]
DIG 390 ...By dilution in water (e.g., in ocean, in stream)
[G21F-9/26]
DIG 391 .Treating solids [G21F-9/28]
DIG 392 ..Processing [G21F-9/30]
DIG 393 ...By incineration [G21F-9/32]
DIG 394 ..Disposal of solid waste [G21F-9/34]
DIG 395 ...By packaging; by baling [G21F-9/36]
DIG 396 ARRANGEMENTS FOR CONVERTING CHEMICAL ELEMENTS BY
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE
BOMBARDMENT (e.g., producing radioactive isotopes) [G21G-1/00]
DIG 397 .In nuclear reactors {G21G-1/02]
DIG 398 .Outside of nuclear reactors or particle accelerators
[G21G-1/04]
DIG 399 ..By neutron irradiation [G21G-1/06]
DIG 400 ...Accompanied by nuclear fission [G21G-1/08]
DIG 401 ..By bombardment with electrically charged particles
[G21G-1/10] *** (irradiation devices DIG. 440+)
DIG 402 ..By electromagnetic irradiation (e.g., with gamma or
X-rays) [G21G-1/12] *** (applications of radiation DIG. 421;
irradiation devices DIG. 440+)
DIG 403 RADIOACTIVE SOURCES [G21G-4/00] *** (producing neutrons or
other subatomic particles, X- or gamma rays, in fusion reactors
DIG. 1+, in nuclear reactors DIG. 5+; in accelerators H05H;
X-ray tubes H01J-35/00; gamma masers H01S-4/00)
DIG 404 .Neutron sources [G21G-4/02]
DIG 405 .Radioactive sources other than neutron sources
[G21G-4/04]
DIG 406 ..Characterized by constructional features [G21G-4/06]
DIG 407 ...Specially adapted for medical application [G21G-4/08]]
DIG 408 ..With radium emanation [G21G-4/10]
DIG 409 ALLEGED CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS BY CHEMICAL
REACTION [G21G-5/00]
DIG 410 ARRANGEMENTS FOR OBTRAINING ELECTRICAL ENERGY FROM
RADIOACTIVE SOURCES (e.g., from radioactive isotopes, nuclear or
atomic batteries) [G21H-1/00] *** (fusion reactors DIG. 1+;
nuclear reactors DIG. 5+)
DIG 411 .Cells charged directly by beta radiation [G21H-1/02]
DIG 412 .Cells using secondary emission induced by alpha radiation,
beta radiation, or gamma radiation [G21H-1/04] *** (discharge
tubes H01J-40/00)
DIG 413 .Cells wherein radiation is applied to the junction of
different semiconductor materials [G21H-1/06]
DIG 414 .Cells in which radiation ionizes a gas in the presence of
a junction of two dissimilar metals (i.e., contact potential
difference cells) [G21H-1/08] *** (discharge tubes H01J)
DIG 415 .Cells in which radiation of disintegration heats a
thermoelectric junction or a thermionic converter [G21H-1/10]
*** (devices where heating occurs from fission reactions DIG.
39; discharge tubes functioning as thermionic generators
H01J-45/00; thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of
dissimilar materials H01L-35/00)
DIG 416 ..Cells provided with thermoelectric generators
[G21H-1/10B]
DIG 417 ..Cells provided with thermionic generators [G21H-1/10C]
DIG 418 .Cells using conversion of the radiation into light
combined with subsequent photoelectric conversion into electric
energy [G21H-1/12]
DIG 419 ARRANGEMENTS FOR DIRECT CONVERSION OF RADIATION ENERGY FROM
RADIOACTIVE SOURCES TO FORMS OF ENERGY OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
ENERGY (e.g., light) [G21H-3/00]
DIG 420 .In which material is excited to luminesce by the radiation
[G21H-3/02]
DIG 421 APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES OR
ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR [G21H-5/00] ***
DIG 422 .As tracers [G21H-5/02] *** (medicinal preparations
containing radioactive substances A61K-43/00; investigating or
analyzing biological material G01N-33/16)
DIG 423 NUCLEAR EXPLOSIVE DEVICES; "ATOMIC BOMBS") [G21J-1/00]
DIG 424 PEACEFUL APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR EXPLOSIVE DEVICES
[G21J-3/00] *** (obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable
material from deep wells by means of nuclear energy
E21B-43/236F, 43/24F)
DIG 425 .For excavation [G21J-3/02]
DIG 426 DETECTION ARRANGEMENTS FOR NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS [G21J-5/00]
*** (individual measuring devices G01N)
DIG 427 ARRANGEMENTS FOR HANDLING RADIATION OR PARTICLES (e.g.,
focusing, moderating [G21K-1/00] *** (radiation filters DIG.
435)
DIG 428 .Using diaphragms, collimators [G21K-1/02]
DIG 429 ..Using multiple collimators (e.g., Bucky screens); other
devices for eliminating undesired or dispersed radiation
[G21K-1/02B]
DIG 430 ..Using variable diaphragms, shutters, choppers
[G21K-1/04]
DIG 431 .Using diffraction, refraction or reflection, e.g.,
monochromators [G21K-1/06] *** (DIG. 435, 445 take precedence)
DIG 432 .Deviation, concentration or focusing of the beam byy
electric or magnetic means [G21K-1/08] *** (electron-optical
arrangements in electric discharge tubes H01J-29/46; details
(e.g., electric or magnetic deviating means for direct voltage
accelerators or in accelerators using single pulses) H05H-5/02;
arrangements for injecting particles into orbits H05H-7/08;
arrangements for ejecting particles from orbits H05H-7/10)
DIG 433 ..By electrical means [G21K-1/087]
DIG 434 ..By magnetic means [G21K-1/093]
DIG 435 .Scattering devices; Absorbing devices [G21K-1/10]
DIG 436 ..Resonant absorbers or driving arrangements therefor
(e.g., for Moessbauer-effect devices) [G21K-1/12] *** (motors
with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature
or coil system in general H02K-33/00)
DIG 437 .Using charge exchange devices (e.g., for neutralizing or
changing the sign of the electrical charges of beams)
[G21K-1/14] *** (producing or accelerating neutral particle
beams H05H-3/00)
DIG 438 .Using polarizing devices (e.g., for obtaining a polarized
beam) [G21K-1/16] *** (ion sources, ion guns H01J-27/02;
polarized targets for producing nuclear reactions H05H-6/00B)
DIG 439 CONVERSION SCREENS FOR THE CONVERSION OF THE SPATIAL
DISTRIBUTION OF X-RAYS OR PARTICLE RADIATION INTO VISIBLE IMAGES
(e.g., fluoroscopic screens) [G21K-4/00] *** (photographic
processes using X-ray intensifiers G03C-5/17; discharge tubes
comprising luminescent screens H01J-1/62; cathode-ray tubes for
X-ray conversion with optical output H01J-31/50)
DIG 440 IRRADIATION DEVICES [G21K-5/00] *** (discharge tubes for
irradiating H01J-37/00)
DIG 441 .Having no beam-forming means [G21K-5/02]
DIG 442 .With beam-forming means [G21K-5/04]
DIG 443 .Holder for targets or for other objects to be irradiated
[G21K-5/08]
DIG 444 .With provision for relative movement of beam source and
object to be irradiated [G21K-5/10]
DIG 445 GAMMA- OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES [G21K-7/00]