TITLES TO 2700 SOFTWARE PATENTS ISSUED IN 1992 and 1993 Greg Aharonian Internet Patents News Service P.O. Box 404, Belmont, MA 02178 patents@world.std.com 617-489-3727 At the end of January, and beginning of February, the Patent Office will be holding public hearings in San Jose and Washington on the "problem" of software patents. The hearings will focus on two aspects: the nature of software patents (legal, economic and software theory), and the process of awarding software patents (in particular, software prior art). To help these hearings be more emprical, I have prepared a list of 2700 software patents issued in the past two years. It should help people base their assertions in the actual statistics of issued software patents (of which there are over 11,000 to date). What follows are the titles to over 2700 software patents issued in all of 1992 and the first half of 1993. The list is not all inclusive, since it depends on what I consider to be a software patent. The list does however reflect the nature of software patenting in the United States, and does include software patents from all categories of software for which patents are being sought. And given the Patent Office's classification scheme for software, this was not a very easy list to compile. Despite the tremendous numbers of software patents being issued (with respect to the small numbers of true software innovations each year), software patenting as of yet is not a really big socioeconomic problem, though unless the software community acts now, it will become a big problem. A series of diskettes with more detailed information on each software patent listed below (full title, number, assignee, abstract, classification, application date) are available at a cost of $595. Also provided are diskettes with 9000 titles from my software prior art database, and version 1.0 of my patents claim analysis program. Proceeds go to my project of making the Patent Office APS patent text files Internet accessible. For more information on the Internet Patent News Service, send 'help' in the body of a message to patents@world.std.com on the Internet. ============================================================================== Here are some observations based on examining these software patents: 1) The most minor of software concepts can be patented. Despite endless series of articles referencing all sorts of court cases and judicial precedents, you can receive a software patent for the most minor of software concepts, as long as the patent application is prepared properly. For example, the Air Force received a patent for nothing more than the difference between two versions of a public domain computer program. IBM received for a patent for putting a scrolling database field in a window. Fourier transforms, spline interpolation, APL-to-Fortran translation, graphics window clipping, and other ideas which have been written to death in technical journals - how did they pass the prior art check? Any software concept is patentable. Any. 2) Extremely broad software patents can be acquired. While everyone knows about Compton's multimedia patents, and Action's workflow patents, Digital Equipment Corporation recently received a patent which very broadly claims all case-based reasoning technology, as did Ehud Shapiro for all concurrent logic programming technology. Most independent claims in software patents are too broad, and should include the Jepson phrase "...the improvement comprising...", if this style wasn't so discouraged. Of course, such broad claims are rarely defendable, so why allow them? 3) Hardware and software patents are logically equivalent There exists at least one VHDL tool in which I can specify an algorithm using VHDL's conventional programming language style (VHDL is similar to Ada) and execute the algorithm as I would any other algorithm (a software algorithm then as worthy as any other to be patented), and/or I can then generate a circuit diagram and logic cell component lists and have a integrated circuit then produced by a foundry (a hardware device then as worthy as any other to be patented). Such a capability blurs and eliminates any distinctions between hardware and software. This will cause a new set of headaches for the Patent Office. Someone can take a software idea, patent it in a hardware form (look at some of the neural net patents), and then challenge software infringers in court using the doctrine of equivalence. 4) Software patent litigation is not very active Compared to other areas of technology, software patent litigation is not big business. I see many more, and bigger, cases dealing with biotechnology, electronics, mechanical devices and chemistry, than I do with software. This is because most software patents are either easily work-aroundable or are easily challengable for prior art (though Roger Billings is having more success against Novell than I thought he would). Also, despite all of the talk about software patents, no one has ever prepared and distributed the following list - the Patent Office, the patent bar associations, the Software Patent Institute, etc. No one. (Of course one reason may be that looking at this many software patents is somewhat mind-numbing :-) 5) 25% of all software patents could not survive reexamination I maintain the largest software prior art database in the country. Based on public software components and algorithms I have reviewed over the last ten years, numbering in the tens of thousands, I could successfully challenge at least 20% of most software patents being issued. Another five percent are faulty for not providing enough information to implement the software concept being patented - if I can't create working source code from your patent description, you shouldn't get a patent. 6) Software patent examiners are being asked the impossible A software patent examiner has on the average about two or three hours per patent application to verify and/or conduct the software prior art search. Even working in Boston, where I have access to some of the best technical libraries in the world, along with my own large software prior art and software patent databases, it takes me at least a few days to investigate a software prior art problem. If you figure a few weeks for most others, including software patent examiners, one of the most important problems of the software patenting process arises: software prior art searching. ============================================================================== I use 42 categories of software patents, listed below, though a few are so big that I will probably split them up. Some patents are listed in more than one category to simplify your search for relevant patents. Many of the titles have been abridged without losing their meaning, to fit on one line. Some titles start with '--'. This indicates the assignee is IBM. I do this because IBM has 1/8 of all software patents, has made money off its software patents, and it is interesting to see their software patenting strategy. IMAGE PROCESSING OPERATING SYSTEMS NETWORKING and COMMUNICATIONS PROCESS CONTROL and NUMERICAL CONTROL GRAPHICS GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACES DATABASE WORD PROCESSING and DOCUMENT HANDLING FINANCIAL COMPUTER AIDED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE and EXPERT SYSTEMS ENGINEERING CIRCUIT DESIGN / COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING NEURAL NETWORKS SECURITY AND ENCRYPTION MULTIPROCESSING PATTERN RECOGNITION MEDICAL AND HEALTH SIGNAL PROCESSING SPEECH RECOGNITION and SYNTHESIS COMPRESSION NUMERICAL ANALYSIS COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN AUTOMOBILE OFFICE AUTOMATION GEOPHYSICAL NATURAL LANGUAGE ANALYSIS CHARACTER RECOGNITION PARALLEL PROCESSING BIOLOGY VISION DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING ALGORITHMS and DATA STRUCTURES OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING ROBOTICS FUZZY LOGIC SIMULATION EDUCATION PHYSICS CHEMISTRY SPREADSHEETS VIRTUAL REALITY ------------------------------------------------------------------------ IMAGE PROCESSING Inspection control system and method Reading a document and processing the image Registering image data Manipulable three-dimensional projection imaging method Eliminating scattered .gamma.-rays and reconstructing image Method and apparatus for image reproduction --Pseudo-bar code control of image transmission Adaptive coding and decoding of frames and fields of video Transmitting encoded image data with quick image expansion and contraction Phase corrected complex-difference processed magnetic resonance angiograms Technique for representing sampled images Generating image data representing integrated image Image recognizer and method for recognizing image Detecting the position of an object pattern in an image Making image conversions with error diffusion Motion vector detection and band compression apparatus Calibrating an x-ray scanner from image of at least one calibration standard Image processing for moire reduction and/or random dot generation Correction of blooming artifacts in ionographic devices Improved remote programming using display screen Image skeletonization method Extending dynamic range of stored image database High quality film image correction and duplication method and system Automated coin grading system Fast inverse discrete cosine transform using optimized lookup tables Method of and apparatus for eliminating false image Image processing apparatus --Image processing using a RAM and repeat read-modify-write operation Determining segment types in figure represented by straight short vectors Image forming apparatus with filing function which can store image data and can efficiently perform document filing System and method for spot color extraction Color image data processing apparatus Determining parallax between digital images Image color correction system and method Image enhancement system Computation and processing of a 3-D image in conical projection Pattern selection involving scaling-up circumscribed rectangles Reproducing an original image using a set of standard originals Image processing method for dodging with softened edge transitions Determining the complexity of a page prior to a print attempt Halftone compression with sharpness preservation Apparatus for image reading or processing Color imaging system Surveying instrument Optical imaging system for neurosurgery Ultrasonic color doppler diagnostic apparatus Temporal interpolation of images Signal encoding and decoding system Image processing method for the detection of the horizon Scan-in polygonal extraction of video images Method and apparatus for detecting and quantifying motion of a body part Object reconstruction from x-ray holograms Image transforming apparatus Moving video image estimation system Compression of video signals Compensating for dirt or etched areas on a document platen Mapping of corneal topography with display of pupil perimeter Tracking an aimpoint with arbitrary subimages Preprocessing of dot-matrix/ink-jet text for optical character recognition Edge detection for an image processing system Method of locating a target on a portion of anatomy Ranking and extracting salient contours for target recognition Forming energy subtraction images Storing and communicating a transform definition which includes sample values representing an input/output relation of an image transformation Recording apparatus Image inspection methods and apparatus Helical scanning with a stationary detector using rebinning and splicing to create detector vertex projection sets Image reading with coordination between read value and original density Magnetic resonance imaging system Collating independent figure elements between images Footwear visual image cataloging and sizing One-dimensional coding method Mixed text and image data processing Image forming apparatus Method of and apparatus for performing detail enhancement Correcting contour of image Collectively performing image rotation, scaling and digital halftone screening Extracting feature from line pattern and line pattern recognition Inspection method using unique templates and histogram analysis Detection of defects lacking distinct edges Method of an apparatus for compressing images data Color editing with simple encoded images Segmentation of stationary and vascular surfaces in magnetic resonance imaging Reading identification code sheets using borders to determine scan angle --Generating a gray-scale pattern Method of and apparatus for reading image Segmentation of text and graphics Quantitation of nuclear protein Surface generation method from boundaries of stereo images Multimode computerized multicolor camera and method therefor MRI using variable imaging parameter(s) within a single image sequence Establishing threshold level in a binary mode document scanner Image hand markup detection using morphological techniques Public telephone network including a distributed imaging system Volumetric and terrain imaging sonar Locally switching gray dot types to reproduce images with gray level printing Block-matching motion estimator for video coder Fourth-order-product phase difference autofocus Method of image display with scrolling capability Apparatus for restoring original image from degraded image Image processing giving ID labels to areas of connected black picture elements System for recording an image having a facial image and ID information Localization of functional activity in the human brain Digital image generation Image forming apparatus System and method of foot shape imaging and overlay Borderless mapping of texture images Optical scanner threshold setting method and sheet Detecting target movement Examining components with data digitized into a large number of gray levels Local hierarchical processing focus shift within an image Segmenting the field of motion of an image and image encoding Rxtracting data from documents for subsequent processing Facsimile device with skew correction and text line direction detection --Eliminating interlace motion artifacts in captured digital video data Video imaging technique used in bagging assembly Automatic detection of elliptical shapes Dynamic pattern matcher using incomplete data --Image editor zoom function Method of and apparatus for compressing image data Forming, with an overview image, a composite image from a mosaic of images Identification and correction of document skew Determining image points in object images Contextual data enhancement Method of creating and applying half tone screen patterns Inspection method and apparatus Color transformation from physical to psychological attribute using neural network Document image processing system Merging images Automated image calibration Electronic image modification Focusing of magnetic resonance images Electrical impedance tomography Storing pixels Image processing having apparatus for correcting the image processing Method of processing radiographic image data for detecting a welding defect Method of acquiring ultrasound images Detecting the boundary of an object displayed in digital image Determining the amount of skew of image, method for correcting the same General method of pattern classification using the two domain theory Linear pattern recognizing method Determining register differences from a multi-color printed image Segmentation of handwriting and machine printed text Dynamic thresholding for documents using structural information identifying and displaying particular features of an object Determining an image point in an object mode Scene boundary detecting apparatus Detecting, classifying and quantifying defects in optical fiber end faces Image processing system capable of editing images --Image data processing of correlated images Moving object detection apparatus and method Collation of a streaked pattern at a high speed Image processing system suitable for use for a facsimile Image filtering system performing transform coding of image data other than boundary picture elements of adjoining blocks Corner-based image matching Storing image signals Detecting motion vector Methods and apparatus for defining contours in colored images Automated method of classifying optical fiber flaws Medical image processing system Image processing apparatus using disease-based image processing conditions Image communication method and apparatus Electronic information retrieval for image information Image display apparatus System two reformat images for three-dimensional display using unique spatial encoding and non-planar bisectioning Reducing patient translation artifacts in tomographic imaging Compression coding device and expansion decoding device for a picture signal Image processing system 3D interferometric SAR terrain mapping employing altitude measurement Radiation imaging utilizing data reconstruction to provide transforms which accurately reflect wave propagation characteristics Error tolerant 3*3 bit-map coding of binary data and method of decoding Image reconstruction by use of discrete cosine and related transforms Image processing system for generating, storing, and transmitting image datafiles associated with enciphered identification information Coloring device for performing adaptive coloring of a monochromatic image Determining surface characteristics using infrared imaging Binary image processing for decoding self-clocking glyph shape codes Reconstructing 2D and 3D images by 2D and 3D Fourier transforms in MRI systems Geographical surveying using cameras in combination with flight computers to obtain images with overlaid geographical coordinates Measuring temperature based on infrared light Image data processing method for selective partial image storage Image data output apparatus with display range designation means Aligning images using pixels of closed contours Solder joint location Correcting setup parameter decision characteristics using a neural network Image processing for mosaic or similar processing therefor Coding and compressing color video signals Image processing including improved gray scale compression X-ray image display apparatus Quantifying macrophage phagocytosis by computer image analysis Multi-echo NMR imaging method --Document image management in a case processing system Black and white image reduction based upon averaging of neighboring blocks Generating feature matrix by normalized out-class/in-class variation matrices Digital image processing for enlarging original image with high fidelity Interferometric synthetic aperture detection of sparse non-surface objects Method and system for verifying a seal against a stored image Recognizing concavities in an image system subject to character recognition Priority processing of financial documents using video image capture Data reduction in a video image data reduction system Background suppression in an image data processing system Chipping detection system and method Radiation image processing, determination and image read-out apparatus Motion vector detector employing image subregions and median values Method of incorporating a scanned image into a page layout --Adaptive quantization with the JPEG sequential mode Feature detection and side scan sonar overlap navigation via image matching Processing and reproducing images Storage and retrieval of images from a grey image having artifically enhanced color regions Detection of gaps in scanned image Image communication and database system Measuring an object by correlating displaced and simulated object images Multiple resolution machine readable symbols Using multiple predictor sets to compress image data having different portions Compressing and extending image signals Image processing method Image data filing system with image data modification facility Histogram/variance mechanism for detecting presence of an image edge Computerized system for joining individual maps into a single map product Determinating instantaneous / average blood flow rates from digital angiograms Image reconstruction using interpolated image reconstructed data Image coding utilizing separable transformations Fractal-based image compression and interpolation Detecting and quantifying motion of a body part Image processing for painting a memory with plural colors Document image filing system for furnishing additional managerial information for management of documents filed in the system Identifying a pair of groups in an image having a minimum separation distance Image processing method and apparatus therefor Optically determining the acceptability of products Identifying and quantifying oxides on rolled metal strip Constrained optimum matched illumination-reception radar Coherent correlation addition for increasing match information in scene matching navigation systems Visual pattern image coding Decomposing NMR images by chemical species Estimation of local surface geometry from relative range images Image processing system Detection of parallel edges in image processing Hybrid digital coding distinguishing motion pictures from still pictures Edit control system for use in an image processing apparatus Manipulating images in a video display Image joining method and apparatus Allocating core points of fingerprints Image processing for synthesizing binarized image data Suppresssing image artifacts in a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus --Computing the Radon transform of digital images Image processing system for documentary data Area discriminating system for an image processing system Method of capture and analysis of digitized image data Partitioned image processing system for an image device Resolution transforming raster-based imaging system (De)compressing signals using predicted and error images Interactive graphical search and replace utility for computer-resident synthetic graphic image editor Video-to-printing image resolution conversion Word processor utilizing image inputting means Image registration Graphics image editor Retrieving image data Sharpening prestack depth migration images by removing residual moveout from common image point gathers before stacking Computing tomographic scans Prioritized image transmission system and method Convolution filtering for decoding self-clocking glyph shape codes High resolution image compression methods and apparatus Processor for pattern data, measured process information and image information Picture element encoding Dynamically variable machine readable binary code and method for reading Blurring an image background and producing a visual flowing effect Object recognition system Video bond lead locator Obtaining 3D optical image formation from 2D radiation attenuation data Rule-based technique to automatically determine the final scan gain in storage phosphor radiography Medical image filing for registering images from many image output devices Data compression/decompression method, device and resulting data structure Generating gradation correction curve for correcting image gradation Image processing method Method of and apparatus for high speed editing of progressively encoded images Generating a binary representation of an image Adaptive transform coding of still images Detecting the number of persons Gray balance control system Feature extracting method Preparing picture masks and for digitizing line edges Method of and apparatus for extracting image contour data Recognizing apparatus Tabular document reader service Geometric pattern inspection employing intelligent imaged-pattern skrinking, expanding and processing to identify predetermined features and tolerances --Locating the amount field on a document Control apparatus of image filing system Hybrid coding system for moving image Compressing an image by approximating curves using a polynomial Image recognition edge detection method and system Automatic semiconductor package inspection method Image information code processing system Formation testing with digital image analysis Digital image documentation system Halftone rendering of a gray scale image using a blue noise mask Endoscope image filing system Enhancing the quality of both color and black and white images produced by inkjet and electrophotographic printers Motion compensated interframe encoding system with adaptive quantization Method to rotate a bitmap image 90 degrees Adaptive neural network image processing system Multiple screen frequency half-toning with one screen angle Image transmission system Method of and device for moving image contour recognition Moving object detecting system Processing a document by utilizing an image Coding an image High speed object location Method of and device for processing image Discriminating different kinds of image areas, using 2D orthogonal transforms Cell image processing method and apparatus therefor Extracting/combining change region in image corresponding to moving object Method of obtaining optimum threshold values Method of forming a 2D distribution image of ion concentration in a cell Manipulating image data employing an intermediate format Lossless compression and decompression of image data Image compression using interlocking digitate geometric sub-areas Pattern recognition utilizing area linking and region growth techniques Candidate article recognition with assignation of reference points and respective relative weights Image processing system having skew correcting means Image data compression using a run prediction technique Image coding method for extracting, segmenting and coding image contours Processing linework with electronic image processor Image processing for reducing visible roughness in contours Reducing digital image noise Judging the presence or absence of limited irradiation field Extracting contour of a subject image from an original Video image processing system Information processing displaying multiple windows and distinguishing indicia Computer image production system utilizing first and second networks for separately transferring control information and digital image data Cancelling ghosts from NMR images Ppreparing output data from input image data using patterns Processing image signals at a point of interest based on image curvature Compressing image signals Reading a document and processing the image Image processing method Video image processing --Finding fiducials on printed circuit boards to sub pixel accuracy Extracting design and layout information from an integrated circuit --Image-directed robotic surgery including redundant consistency checking Editing area setting in an image forming apparatus Fourier transforming 3D MR data in by using phase-correction in MRI Image processing apparatus Extracting edges and lines Recording regenerating record info comprising title and image information Reading a license plate Recognizing an irradiation field, and method for judging the correctness or incorrectness of prospective contour points of an irradiation field Transillumination for the diagnosis of breast tumors and other breast lesions Distortion reduction in projection imaging by manipulating Fourier transform --Method of orthogonal transform coding/decoding ------------------------------------------------------------------------ OPERATING SYSTEMS Method for controlling execution of host computer application programs through a second computer by establishing relevant parameters having variable time of occurrence and context Selecting printer drivers based on interpreters available on the printer Selectively aborting operation or waiting to load required data based upon user response to non-availability of network load device File characterization for computer operating and file management systems Integration of data between typed data structures by mutual direct invocation between data managers corresponding to data types Data saving system having counters as block content update identifiers --Multiprocessor operating system for notifying only those cache managers who are holders of shared locks on a designated page by global lock manager --System and method for shared latch serialization enhancement --Operating system message queues with recoverable shared virtual storage --CPU expansive gradation of I/O interruption subclass recognition Automatic printer data stream language determination Radix mapping with variable number of symbols in mapping period Detection of pattern-sensitive faults in RAM by use of M-sequencers --Linkage mechanism for program isolation Computer system Updating local copy of shared data in a collaborative system Distributed computer network for tracking the access path of a user --Managing an operating system definition of a dynamically modifiable I/O configuration --Scheduling input/output operations in multitasking systems Performing group exclusion in hierarchical group structures --Distributed data management mechanism for handling a data stream Command file processing and authorization with variable access levels --Remote procedure calls in heterogeneous systems Garbage collection system for a symbolic digital processor Networking computers having varying file architectures --Dynamically expanding and rapidly accessing file directories Software modules for testing computer hardware and software Universal memory loader verifier Partially running a sequence program for debugging Synchronized journaling system --Variable construct representation embedded in data stream which references definition for dynamically generating data Automatically monitoring copiers from a remote location Real-time adjustable-transform device driver for physical devices Multiprocessors which communicate with each other through shared memory --Loading a system reference diskette image from a system partition in a PC --Alternate processor continuation of task of failed processor --Generic initiators Consistent timestamping in distributed computer databases Automated concurrent data backup system Flexible real-time, multi-tasking architecture for tool condition monitoring System for transferring resident programs to virtual area and recalling for instant excution in memory limited DOS system using program control tables Loading application programs into a memory card reader having a microprocessor Calling interpreter language procedure from compiler language procedure --Initial BIOS load for a personal computer system Cross-domain call system in a capability based digital data processing system Real-time system with multitasking supervisor for building access control Critical task scheduling for real-time systems Interprocessor communication for a fault-tolerant, mixed redundancy distributed information processing system --Automated failure transmission of delivery message in a processing system Memory address space determination using programmable limit registers with single-ended comparators Multiple domain emulation with separate domain facilities which tests for emulated instruction exceptions before completion of operand fetch cycle On-line reconstruction of a failed redundant array system Job interrupt for electronic copying/printing machines Monitoring the execution time of a computer program Portable computer having an updatable table of starting addresses for accessing those stored programs having been previously executed Reducing the effect processor blocking Exclusive control system capable of simply locking each resource File accessing system using code name to access selected conversion table for converting simplified file name into original file name --Running applications concurrently/serially on different virtual machines --Data processing for file status recovery includes providing a log file of atomic transactions that may span both volatile and non volatile memory --Controlling cursor movements on certain computer workstations --Maintaining data availability after failure included denying access to others while completing by one of the microprocessor systems an atomic transaction changing a portion of the multiple copies of data Multimedia protocol interface for 64 kbit/s data flow Dynamic change of computer system and subsystem time-of-day clocks Link sorted memory --Centralized and distributed wait depth limited concurrency control --Redirecting information to alternate system console in response to the comparison of present and default system configuration in a PC Dispatching only to a selected high-use-priority task a maximum allocated and given highest-use-priority real-pages when requested --Computer system having mode independent addressing --Exploiting communications bandwidth as for providing shared memory --Making interconnected processors act like a single node in a multinode communication system --Virtual chains for session initiation in a distributed computer network Remote operating system having secure communication of encoded messages and automatic re-synchronization Management of an application program loaded in a microcircuit medium Application program memory management system Virtual machine resetting store indicating that virtual machine processed interrupt without virtual machine control program intervention Processor with hierarchical memory and using meta-instructions for software control of loading, unloading and execution of machine instructions stored in the cache --Selectively reclaiming a portion of RAM in a personal computer system Server impersonation of client processes in an object based operating system Apparatus and method for providing decoupling of data exchange details for providing high performance communication between software processes Buffered disk unit and method of transferring data therein --Computer-controlled optimized pairing of disk units Simulating block transfer with slave module incapable of block transfer by locking bus for multiple individual transfers --Interrupt handling for a computer with logical devices and interrupt reset Cache affinity scheduler Providing backup process control Method of controlling the reception of data Error tracking in a multitasking environment --Dynamically adaptive environment for computer programs Deleting prioritized data stored in second memory after all the data has been successfully transferred to first memory --Problem analysis of a node computer with assistance from a central site Microprocessor information exchange with updating of messages by asynchronous processors using assigned and/or available buffers in dual port memory --I/O buffers having the ability to change size to meet system requirements Printer dynamic job recovery in an electronic reprographic printing system Access control subsystem and method for distributed computer system using compound principals Performing quality logic tests on data processing systems by sequentially loading test microinstruction programs and operating microinstruction programs into a single control store --Enhanced data formats and machine operations for enabling error correction Error detection method and apparatus for processor having main storage Method of searching a queue in response to a search instruction --Dynamically changing a system I/O configuration definition System for dynamic selection of globally-determined optimal data path Providing redundancy of a high speed pulse input I/O processor Computer controlled optimized pairing of disk units Dynamically allocating main memory to facilitate swapping of terminate and stay resident communication program to increase available memory space Controlling task operation of slave processor by switching access to shared memory banks by master processor Programmable controller generating plural alternating clocks with each clock controlling different parts of instruction sequencing mechanism --Translating a dynamic transfer control instruction address in a simulated CPU processor Coordinating informational storage and retrieval Automatic hard disk bad sector remapping --Determining correctness and contents of control data structures in moving media data storage systems Wireless facsimile computer system Controlling devices through communication processors and pluralities of address-associated device controllers sharing each communication processor Memory card system and access method for memory card --Dynamic creation of data stream based upon system parameters and operator selections Self-configuration of nodes in a distributed message-based operating system Matching the software command language of a computer with the printer language of a printer Effecting multiple error correction in a computer memory File backup for producing a backup copy of a file updated during backup Controlling power to device in a computer system Method and system for allocating file area in memory area of IC card --Multilevel locking system and method Microprocessor inverse processor state usage Controlling data transfer buffer Performance evaluation of a large scale programmable machine capable of having a plurality of terminals attached thereto System test apparatus for verifying operability Real time status monitoring system Page printer memory allocation Efficient non-virtual main memory management --Storing data in and retrieving data from non-main storage virtual data space --Generic error recovery Testing computer hardware and software Synchronous communication between execution environments in a data processing system employing an object-oriented memory protection mechanism Disk timing diagnostic Updating software at remote locations --Background memory test during system startup Error transition mode for multi-processor system Logical event notification method and apparatus Computer system with emulation mechanism Reference and change table storage system for virtual memory data processing system having a plurality of processors accessing common memory Inhibiting an executable program in a disk operating system by replacing the program with an unexecutable program Computer in which data home is changeable in any mode Cooperatively executing programs by sequentially sending a requesting message to serially connected computers Self documenting record of instrument activity and error messages stamped with date and time of occurrence Prepaid card processing device Method of handling errors in software --Nonvolatile memory management in a data processing network --Directory cache management in a distributed data processing system Transferring arguments between object programs by switching address modes according to mode identifying flag Data storage format for addressable or sequential memory data Mode-selectable integrated disk drive for computer Local area network device startup process Control of asynchronous program interrupt events in a data processing system --Interface for independently establishing a link and transmitting high level commands including logical addresses from dedicated microprocessor to shared intelligent memory Servicing interrupts utilizing a pending bus --Procedure call interface Remapping defects in a storage system through the use of a tree structure Remote bootstrapping a node over communication link by initially requesting remote storage access program which emulates local disk Recognizing program constitution within a distributed processing system by collecting constitution messages generated by different processors Document editing apparatus which activates application programs in response to document data input Data transfer checking system --Controlling access by first system to portion of main memory dedicated exclusively to second system to facilitate input/output processing Computer memory management method using segmentation and protection techniques Loading an operating system through a network Collecting execution status data of structured program Virtual network for personal computers High performance memory imaging network for a real time process control system --System for interconnecting applications across different networks --Dispatching work requests in a data storage hierarchy Method of checking test program in duplex processing apparatus Licensing software on a network of computers --Decreasing the memory requirements for BIOS in a personal computer system --Inactivation of program exits of an application program while the system program is running Generating an operating system by a static link-editor Office automation with specific task assignment among workstations Message storage security system Arrangement for reserving and allocating a plurality of competing demands for an ordered bus communication network Enacting failure of a 1:1 redundant pair of processors System for recovering failure of online control program with another current online control program acting for failed online control program --Computer with capability to automatically initialize in a first operating system of choice and reinitialize in a second operating system Computer and reconfiliation method and apparatus --Sequentially processing data in a cached data storage system Method and system for outputting program change effect information to a user --Automated process delay within a data processing system Solid state disk drive emulation Method of polling to determine service needs and the like --Creating virtual disks from non-contiguous groups of logically contiguous addressable blocks of direct access storage devices --Monitoring transient data structures in a computer system --Intercommunicating between applications and a database manager Computer network with shared memory using bit maps including flags to indicate reserved memory areas and task status Object container transfer in an object based computer operating system Method of using the memory in a information processing system of the virtual addressing type, and apparatus for performing the method Interface register handshaking for controlling devices --Simulating the I/O of a processing system --Loading a system reference diskette image from a system partition in a PC Manufacturing or service system allocating resources to associated demands by comparing time ordered arrays of data Dynamic predictive keyboard Search technique for identifying slaves devices connected to a serial bus Context switching of devices Virtual storage type computer system --Allowing the transmission of electronic messages between enrolled and unenrolled users of computer systems Object oriented control of real-time processing Method of resetting sequence of access to extended memory disrupted by interrupt processing in 80286 compatible system using code segment register Virtual memory paging apparatus with variable size in-page clusters Computer command input unit giving priority to frequently selected commands Executing programs within expanded memory of a MS or PC DOS computer system Interprocessor communications includes second CPU designating memory locations Method and system of hierarchical assistance --Help provision in a data processing system --First processor inserting hooks into software and sending unique identifications to output bus and second processor associating data frames and time with these unique identifications Read channel optimization system Application address display window mapper for a sharable MS-DOS processor --Method of monitoring the bring up of all units in a multiple system from a remote unit including diagnostic testing --Memory manager for hierarchical graphic structures Joint Surveillance Target Attack Radar System (JSTARS) Mechanism for fail-over notification Multi-transaction batch processing Loading a program in an external storage device connected to one bus into a memory connected to a different bus Printer control system Optimizing data transmissions associated with addressable buffer devices Detection and recovery from an NVM data integrity failure System for performing dump analysis I/O execution method for virtual machine system and system therefor Translating data between memories Testing apparatus Private regions within a shared workspace Address translating method for translating virtual address to real address with specified address register to allow bypass of translation steps System for producing memory maps by interpreting a descriptor file which identifies and describes the data structures present in memory Digital computer using data structure including external reference arrangement Data redundancy and recovery protection Virtual memory page table paging apparatus and method Bus-based priority arbitration system with optimum code words Generating and validating a digital message and application of such a device Operations monitoring system Generating a monitor program for monitoring text streams and executing actions when pre-defined patterns are matched using an English to Awk translator Virtual machine system having a plurality of real instruction processors and virtual machines, and a registration table Graphically indicating routing and time relationships between process jobs Performing system fault diagnosis Automatic control of a discrete system with redundancy management and prioritized conflict resolution --Interfacing computer application programs written in different languages to a software system On-line system which mainly executes regular jobs including apparatus for efficiently executing both regular jobs and irregular jobs Dispatch control of virtual machine Locking mechanism for the prevention of race conditions Transferring information from one memory area to another memory area --Transaction processing facility within an operating system environment --Virtual address range mapping in a virtual storage data processing system Monitoring operating state of devices according to their degree of importance Passing data parameters between a calling program and a called subroutine in a command analysis table of a computer stored data base system Selectively loading bootable files to control apparatus based upon the corresponding bootable attributes --Exchanging electronic calendars based on entries and classification among users of the system Preemptive constraint control Identifying likely failure points in a digital data processing system Management of an electronic memory using predetermined homogeneous units Fault tolerant computer backup system Evaluating and predicting I/O performance using I/O workload snapshots Real time, concurrent garbage collection system and method Data processing emulation in a window with a coprocessor and I/O emulation Virtual machine file control system which translates block numbers into virtual addresses then into real addresses for accessing main storage --Managing a data cache using virtual external storage addresses as arguments Round-robin protocol method for arbitrating access to a shared bus arbitration providing preference to lower priority units after bus access by a higher priority unit --Methods of remapping a keyboard within a computer system Method of operating a data processing system Benchmarking the working set of window-based computer systems Fault tolerant system employing majority voting Real time fault tolerant transaction processing system Arrangement for determining switch port status at an adjunct processor Saving and restoring critical files on the disk memory of an State controlled device driver for a real time computer control system ------------------------------------------------------------------------ NETWORKING and COMMUNICATIONS Service name to network address translation in communications network Monitoring the status of a local area network --Efficiently simulating dynamic behavior of a data communications network --Message queue processing among cooperative processors having significant speed differences --Combining dissimilar computing networks into a single logical network --Compensating mismatched transport protocols in a data communications network Network control system and method Communication system network that includes full duplex conference calling --Process and apparatus for managing network event counters Communication control system and communication control apparatus Dynamic RF communication resource access by roving mobile units --Locating a node containing a requested resource and for selectively verifying the presence of the resource at the node System for providing personalized telephone calling features Bridge apparatus --Data transmission with link problem determination aid support for all ports Method and apparatus for propagating a network profile Control for copying machines with improved communication function for centralized control unit Dynamic routing system for a multinode communications network Node unit and communications method for local area network Interprocessor switching network Searching for alternate path in communication network Networking computers and/or computer networks and networking systems ASCII to ASCII transfer using FAX protocol --Message stripping protocol for a communication network Setting up virtual connections in switching equipment by ATM Efficient distributed data communications network backbone node location Radio channel allocation based on location of mobile users Fault finder expert system Interconnecting local area networks Automatic path map generation for simulcast transmission system Private network with means for establishing virtual tie trunks between PBXS through ISDN public network Interactive telephone operator terminal --Distributed queue multiple access in a communication system Facsimile apparatus OSI data communication for dealing with abstract syntaxes which are and are not preliminarily negotiated Interconnection system and method for heterogeneous networks ISDN terminal equipment with circuit switching mode and packet switching mode Structuring and managing human communications by explicitly defining the types of communications permitted between participants Fault tolerant networking architecture Interactive computer conferencing Driving a service function unit of a multi-function telephone set Automatic call distribution by matching required skills with agents skills Arrangement for outbound telecommunications Creating and assigning address codes in a cellular spread spectrum system Franking machine Exchanging data within a digital communications system Computer network operating with multilevel hierarchical security with selectable common trust realms and corresponding security protocols Network management method and system Personal electronic directory Control method and apparatus for computer network system Displaying network communication configuration after searching the network EDI translation system using plurality of communication processes and de-enveloping procedure corresponding to transmitted communication process --Authenticating users of a communication system to each other Communication terminal and control method with party identification features Public telephone network including a distributed imaging system Adaptive VCP control in integrated services networks Restricting access within a wireless local area network --Expert system method for performing window protocol-based data flow analysis within a data communication network Access assignment in a DAMA communication system Switching method having subscriber state management function Multiple call control method in a multimedia conferencing system Network management system with group naming Delay-based congestion avoidance in computer networks Integrated services platform for telephone communication system Integrated group insurance information processing and reporting system based upon an enterprise-wide data structure Communication protocol for digital telemetry system Rormatting variable length data packets for a transmission network Controlling call processing based upon load constraints Route guidance system for providing a mobile station with optimum route data in response to guidance request together with base station data indicative of an identification of a base station The billing of value-added communications call Communication device for layered protocols Paging system with local channel lists Interactive telephone gaming system Automatic discovery of network elements Multi-optional processing, storing, transmitting and retrieving graphical and tabular data in a mobile transportation distributable and/or networkable communications and/or data processing system Authenication of rekey messages in a communication system Transparent signalling for remote terminals Enhanced ISDN 800 service Generalized telecommunications customer signaling arrangement Switching system using identical switching nodes Program transmission system and method Cell messaging process for an in-vehicle traffic congestion information system Call tagging user information in a telephonic environment Packet switching system Determining multiple interference in a mobile radio system --Problem analysis of a node computer with assistance from a central site High speed data compression and transmission for WANs in LAN bridges Association of LAN station addresses with a repeater port Controlling a multi-point matrix switch Self-healing bidirectional logical-ring network using crossconnects Optimizer for a parameter-dependent network system Information network Network message security method and apparatus Electronic mail system with means to transmit data to a plurality of recipients without user intervention Transaction approval system Method of establishing an inverse pilot-sequence for deinterleaving as used in digital transmission Determining transmission line for message transmission/reception in a network Communicating price changes including printer and display Registering a unit in a network, one part of which is from an open channel Multiple access method Matrix error correction for digital data Host network communication with transparent connection devices Adaptive routing of messages in parallel and distributed processor systems Packet communication processing method --Nested frame communication protocol Transmitting a digital broadband signal in a tributary unit concatenation via a network of a synchronous digital multiplex hierarchy Transferring messages between nodes in a network Communications network dynamic addressing arrangement Data channel scheduling discipline arrangement method Multiple access protocol Adaptive pathfinding neural network for a packet communication system Transmit queue with loadsheding Terminal device session management protocol --Establish and enforce network cryptographic security policy with public keys Telecommunication display system Bandwidth seizing in integrated services network Distributing messages through a mapping table which includes for each originating device a sequential list of corresponding destination devices Processing / prioritizing alarms from devices on data communications networks Communication system using a fault tolerant protocol --Data transmission using a modified high level data link control protocol Dynamic window sizing in a data network Communications network arranged to transport connection oriented and connectionless methods Exchange route decision system and method --Secure and private communication in a triple-connected network Communication system having a varied communication resource grant channel usage requirement Synchronous network Communication system to communication system communication system Expert system for communications network Ring transmission system Transparent communication of control information through a switching network Providing network service in a communication service Station-to-station full duplex communication in a token ring LAN Adaptive token release mechanism for ring networks Service provision authentication protocol Chaos router system Tracking sequence numbers in packet data communication system Inter-LAN connection apparatus and Inter-LAN connection method Local area network device startup process Key distribution communication system Using redundant links in bridged networks --Authentication protocols in communications networks Remote bootstrapping a node over communication link by initially requesting remote storage access program which emulates local disk Reduced time remote access method and system Intercomputer communication control apparatus and method Loading an operating system through a network --System for interconnecting applications across different networks Routing of network traffic using discrete traffic measurement data Protocol selector and protocol selection method Token associated data network communications protocol Star local-area network system Communication system Reconfiguration method for high-speed mesh connected LAN Session control in network which supports multiple transfer protocols Dynamic graphical analysis of network data Memory management system and method for network controller Learning and filtering destination and source addresses in a LAN Network transit prevention Backup computer program for networks --Interprocess communication queue location transparency --Communications network data compression control system and method Transmitting encoded data on unreliable networks Synchronizing a wide area network without global synchronizing High speed transport protocol with two windows Method of managing traffic flows in a wideband integrated services digital network, and a network for implementing the method Communication terminal apparatus, and communication method Traffic flow control and call set-up in multi-hop broadband networks Updating link state information in networks Selective call signalling system --Implementing to a packet switch protocol for a multinode data network System for routing messages in a vertex symmetric network by using addresses formed from permutations of the transmission line indicees System for circulating serially an electronic, non-interchangeable, unique, route package from sender to selected recipients Access controller for local area network Apparatus and protocol for local area network The through-connection of multiplex signals via cross connectors Data transmission optimizer including device-specific attribute elimination Dual master implied token communication system Network control system for dynamically switching a logical connection between an identified terminal device and an indicated processing unit Duration limited statistical multiplexing in packet networks Input/output system implementing several access paths for rerouting data Packet switch communication network using packet having virtual channel identifier Routing method and system Providing an efficient and adaptive management of message routing in a multi-platform and apparatus communication system Data transmission control processing system Method and system for routing packets in a packet communication network Communication architecture for high speed networking Switching system reliability Encoding an email address in a fax message and routing the fax message to a destination on a network Assigning telecommunications channels in a cellular telephone system Localization of defective stations in local area networks Recognizing addresses of information packets Local computer participating in mail delivery system abstracts from directory of all eligible mail recipients only served by local computer Distributed computer network with network and resource status monitoring --Self configuring terminal which polls loop network and generates a list of connected devices for use in selectively downloading control programs --Node initiating XID exchanges over an activated link including an exchange of sets of binding signals between nodes for establishing sessions Automated documentation system for a communication network System in which workstations support the basic electronic data process Secure system for activating personal computer software at remote locations Wide area trunked channel busy override --Patient care communication system Real-time network routing Realtime monitoring of network sessions in a LAN Securing remote terminal and remote terminal program Teleconferencing with bridge partitioning and other features Symbol detection and error correction coding in a LAN Transferring data through a network of intelligent control stations using decentralized control techniques Efficient flexible special service call processing Message routing system for shared communication media networks Measuring inter-nodal transmission delays in a communications network --System using independent attribute lists to show status of shared mail object among respective users Distributed protocol for improving the survivability of telecommunications trunk networks Routing system to interconnect LANs Routing communications among computer networks Communications system ingress and egress arrangement Data communication process and apparatus for data transmission in blocks Reliable broadcast of information in a wide area network Communication network system having a plurality of different protocol LAN's Master-slave-type control system with stand-by suspending control station High speed transport protocol Flow control of messages in a local area network Network topology control method and apparatus Interconnect network for printing press system forming a star network Interchanging messages in real time between stations interconnected by a loop ------------------------------------------------------------------------ PROCESS CONTROL and NUMERICAL CONTROL Numerical control device with rational B-spline interpolator Embroidery data processing apparatus Intelligence testing device Weight driven kiln control Data analysis for industrial process control systems Control and supervisory system for power distribution equipment Apparatus and methods for baggage reconciliation and location Performing simultaneous control of control axes of a machine tool Device for controlling the operation of machines, particularly textile machines, able to self-learn the operating cycle of these latter and to correct its own errors during this self-learning stage System for implementing a PC computer configuration system for assembling and mounting of a complex product in situ Network programmable logic controller system with ladder editor and parallel and synchronous logic and I/O scanning Packaging sequence determining method On-line process control neural network using data pointers Method for data transformation Interactive control for can end systems Numerical control system for irregular pocket milling Control method in programmable controller Process gas distribution system and method with supervisory control Computer control system and method for sorting articles on a conveyor Coordinate system correcting apparatus for machine tool Reducing cross-coupled movement through the structural dynamics of a computer numerically controlled machine Using fuzzy logic to determine the number of passengers entering and exiting an elevator car Method for judging a color difference using rules fuzzy inference Displaying a figure on a cathode ray tube of a numerical control system Cash register transmitting cooking initiation instructions to a kitchen at suitable times for serving articles of a meal in a desired sequence Optimization of process/property/compositional parameters Means and method for non-contact bar code label verification Core predictions for qualitative physics Segmented asynchronous operation of an automated assembly line Involute interpolation speed control system Pattern inspection system for inspecting defect of land pattern for through-hole on printed board Correcting error on involute interpolation Identifying discrete data representative of an input sample stream Automatic test generation for model-based real-time fault diagnostic systems Compound control method for controlling a system Electronic component mounting apparatus On-line training neural network system for process control Flexible real-time, multi-tasking architecture for tool condition monitoring --Measurement of manufacturing technician efficiency Failure diagnostics, wearout monitoring and predicting life expectancy of helicopter gearboxes and other rotating equipment Automatic leak detection apparatus for process fluids from production and/or research plants, in particular energy plants Automated evaluation of painted surface quality Determining position and orientation of mechanical objects Sorting and stacking reusable cartons Analyzing panel misregistration in a panel manufacturing process and providing appropriate information for adjusting panel manufacturing processes Monitoring synchronous blade vibration Graphic display method for numerical controller Control system for automated parametric test equipment NC sentence creation system Adaptable electric monitoring and identification system Contour compensation method for numerically controlled machines Externally extended type programmable controller Dynamic assumption ordering for qualitative physics Material consolidation modeling and control system Automated management system for car frames and production method Recording and diagnosing faults in an electronic reprographic printing system Computer aided design system Interactive plant monitoring system System for flexibly sorting particles Numerical control method for correcting machine tool path errors Semi-automated insertion of conductors into harness connectors Software controllable circuit for resolver excitation switching in a motion control system Control apparatus for setting a recording format for a recording apparatus Interpolation method in automatic programming Method of forming a carved sign using an axially rotating carving tool --Quality measure driven process control Programmable controller with multiple priority level task processing Problem state monitoring Adjusting the shape of a running band-like or plate-like metal material in the width direction Automatic determination of parameters for process control systems with unknown transfer behavior, in particular for control systems for spot welding Refrigeration control and display Control system with two level sensor system --Engineering and manufacturing change control mechanism Continuous monitoring of process variables of varying grades of products within a process control system Fare card read-writer which overwrites oldest or invalid data Automatic control system for IC engine fuel injection Video imaging technique used in bagging assembly Ellipse interpolation control method by an NC-device System for checking tool breakages on a machining center Intelligent machining workstation operating logic Embroidery data preparing apparatus Embroidery data preparing apparatus Machine failure isolation using qualitative physics --Automated visual analysis of electronic component leads prior to placement Collecting data by a manufacturing process manager from a plurality of programmable logic controllers Maintaining plant operation procedures Determining the volume, form and weight of objects Computerized fertilizer injection system Cooperative operation system for numerical control apparatus Program control for an industrial robot for automatic coating of workpieces Multiple-material processing system start-up Injection molding controller with controlled variable learning Digitizing control apparatus Monitoring and maintaining an optimum balance between the main phases of a multi-phase multiple local local electrical distribution system Spindle control command method Ultrasonic inspection and imaging instrument Distributing print jobs among a network of image processors and print engines Detecting, classifying and quantifying defects in optical fiber end faces Printer dynamic job recovery in an electronic reprographic printing system Substation load distribution monitor system Collation of a streaked pattern at a high speed Method of creating NC data for hole machining Assembly line balancer Method of and apparatus for generating control program Analyzing a production line in a production system Distributed multiple irrigation controller management system Numerical control method Fuzzy inference thermocontrol for injection molding machine with PID control Automated method of classifying optical fiber flaws Food preparation system and method Automatic programming method Determining control parameters of plants Reactor core monitoring system and method Paper machine controller for operating slices Controlling the release of jobs from a pool of pending jobs into a factory Work positioning method and apparatus Methods for set up and programming of machine and process controllers Diagnostics system for use with a recording apparatus Subscriber electric power load control system Determining surface characteristics using infrared imaging Automated selection of high traffic intensity algorithms for up-peak period Programmable controller generating plural alternating clocks with each clock controlling different parts of instruction sequencing mechanism On-line process control neural network using data pointers Production line fault management Optically determining the acceptability of products Stroke end checking apparatus for machine tool of numerical control Solder joint location Method of setting NC data output format Analytical development and verification of control-intensive systems Remote downloading and uploading of motion control program information to and from a motion control I/O module in a programmable controller Software engine having an adaptable driver for interpreting variable produced by a plurality of sensors Method of and apparatus for measuring pattern profile Hierarchical process control system and method Method of forming automatic machine operation program Optimization of multiple-fuel fired boilers using iterated linear programming Determining the tool path in a plane zone operation Part program execution for converting a part program to numerical control data Providing a 3 state database for use with automatic optical inspection systems Filling the valve quantity memory of a franking machine Aircraft traffic alert and collision avoidance device Rough machining NC data creation method Car body assembling line control Set-up optimization for flexible manufacturing systems --Manufacturing process optimizations NC data execution method Numerical control method Setting analysis condition for thermal analysis of a fluid inside an apparatus Generating cutting passes of complex curved surface Inspecting conductive pattern on printed board Automated transformation of gray level of image Numerical control system providing graphic machining simulation Expert system and method for batch production scheduling and planning Breakdown diagnosing method of production line Adaptive release apply algorithm Judging whether conditions are satisfied by using a network having a plurality of nodes representing the conditions Optically determining the acceptability of products Identifying and quantifying oxides on rolled metal strip Inspecting conductive pattern on printed board Test run control method High performance memory imaging network for a real time process control system Neural network supervisory process control system and method Converting a programmable logic controller hardware configuration and corresponding control program for use on a first programmable logic controller to use on a second programmable logic controller Modeling a factory with human operators and validating the model Computerized numerical control method Providing numerical control data for inspecting printed circuit boards Performance control apparatus and method in a processing plant Spacecraft attitude and velocity control system Securing access to a ladder logic programming and monitoring system Circuit board testing with controlled backdrive stress Displaying segments of a ladder diagram which turn on an operator display Nonferrous extrusion process control system Self-learning memory unit for process controller and self-updating function generator NC program drawing method Video bond lead locator User interactive expert machine controller Remote diagnosis system of numerical control apparatus Remotely controlling sensor processing algorithms to expert sensor diagnoses Computer generated tool path interference check method Remote terminal industrial control communication system Producing NC programs using menu icons to define operations Neural network / expert system process control system and method Verifying microcircuit fabrication procedure --Selective suspension and resumption of computer manufacturing processes On-line plant operating procedure guidance system Controlling a process using a trained parallel distributed processing network Geometric pattern inspection employing intelligent imaged-pattern skrinking, expanding and processing to identify predetermined features and tolerances Expert control system for real time management of automated factory equipment Malfunction diagnosis method Saving and performing industrial control commands Selecting inputs for a PC in which a ladder program is simulated Computerized system for display and storage of materials batching information Paint-out shape display used in a numerical control apparatus Process control using neural networks Managing production line processes Generating a tool course for a cutting tool Determining a machining method in numerical control data generating apparatus Involute interpolation error correction system Simulating the process of a workpiece Plant diagnostic method Method of controlling machining speed on involute interpolation High-speed machining method Determining machining in numerical control information generating function Evaluation method of flow analysis on molding of a molten material Sequence controller Numerical control apparatus Profile revising method Method of sequence control Nonlinear multivariable control system Automatic plant diagnosis system including a display selection system for selecting displays responsive to the diagnosis Guaranteed data store in redundant controllers of a process control system --Finding fiducials on printed circuit boards to sub pixel accuracy Setting-up rolling mill roll gaps Testing and inspection of products made on a production assembly line Process control with guard band and fault limit Determining level of bulk and control thereof Correcting tool feed rate in numerical control system Path planning with transition changes Diagnostic system Associating text in automatic diagnostic system to produce recommended actions automatically Acquiring, calculating and displaying representations of test data sequences Self-optimizing method and machine Process control validation ------------------------------------------------------------------------ GRAPHICS Multi-dimensional graphing in two-dimensional space Color registration test pattern Inside/out perspective format for situation awareness displays Trimming B-spline descriptions of patches in a 3D graphics system Translating a plurality of printer page description languages Digital halftoning with selectively applied dot-to-dot error diffusion Production of second-generation camera-original control tool photographies via photography of digitally-generated transparency of an original scene Displaying the state of an artificial neural network Schedule displaying device Image color modification in a computer-aided design system Pixel interpolation in perspective space Method and apparatus for displaying translucent surface --Method and apparatus for visualization of iso-valued surfaces Method for displaying a portion of the body Ideographic teletext transmissions Reducing bit error rates in reading self-clocking glyph codes Image color correction system and method Video image creation system which proportionally mixes previously created image pixel data with currently created data Animation producing apparatus Producing a specified format output image from an arbitrary format source image Digital halftoning with correlated minimum visual modulation patterns Visual display of the attitude of an aircraft for aiding piloting in space Displaying graphical data received from a remote computer by a local computer --Pre-drawing pick detection in a graphics display system Generating a display utilizing objects in an object list Preparing data representative of supplemental figure attached to basic figure reproduced on output medium Video image display for predicting color hardcopy image quality Graphic image drawing device Flight phase information display for aircraft passengers Continuously scrolling large scale picture Offline editing system Color analysis based upon transformation to spherical coordinates Graphic display method for numerical controller Drawing lines in a graphics system Displaying thick line and information unit and display system Dynamic algorithm selection for volume rendering, isocontour and body extraction in a MIMD multiprocessor Generating multi-level character Dithering graphic images Electronic apparatus for the laser imprinting of screen-process printing stencils and the like Locally switching gray dot types to reproduce images with gray level printing Color processing with neural networks Dropout-free center point fill method for displaying characters Control system for a fine pattern printing apparatus Text information processing apparatus having printer Multimedia protocol interface for 64 kbit/s data flow Apparatus for and method of creating delivery route maps Automatic generation of look-up tables for requested patterns and colors Producing a visually improved image in a computer system Radar simulation for use with a visual simulator Efficiently allocating computer resource for real time image generation Optimal discrete rendering of images Arrangement for displaying on a display volumetric data Antialiasing apparatus and method for computer printers Producing perception of quality grayscale shading on digital displays --Multi-processor graphics display for displaying hierarchical data structures Painting on a computer Producing a video display Representing 3D color data in a 1D reference system Recognizing overlapped graphics in each degree of overlapping thereof Generating a texture mapped perspective view Computerized color matching Graphic display method --Converting tracedata from processors executing in parallel to graphical form Color separation in ink jet color graphics printing Changing characters in an image User definable font substitutions with equivalency indicators Apparatus and methods for digital halftoning Matching the software command language of a computer with the printer language of a printer Telecommunication display system Dithering of antialiased vectors --Generating graphical output Expediting the rendering of figures in a move-draw language --Adaptively providing near Phong grade shading for patterns in a graphics display system Fast and efficient search method for graphical data --Boundary drawing and area filling logic for a display system --Pipelined parallel rasterization Storage and retrieval of images from a grey image having artifically enhanced color regions Recording/reproducing mesh pattern data Mapping character color attributes into grey pixel patterns Mapping of color images to black-and-white textured images Multiple resolution machine readable symbols Electronic brush generation Fixed point method of video display scaling --Enhanced visualization using translucent contour surfaces --Animation processor method and apparatus Numerical control system providing graphic machining simulation Computerized system for joining individual maps into a single map product Slanting a font while inserting corrective pixels to improve print quality Generating patterns based on outline data Image processing for painting a memory with plural colors Managing graphic images --Generating a circular or elliptic arc on a digital display Manipulatable orientation for a translatable graphic object Bit mapped color cursor Graphic data searching and storing method Method of shaping a graphics image Supporting a plurality of color maps in a display Digital map generator and display system Graphic data conversion method Displaying color on an output device using dithering techniques Dynamic graphical analysis of network data Pixel rendering Textile color design simulating apparatus System for selectively extracting display data Interactive graphical search and replace utility for computer-resident synthetic graphic image editor Operating a real-time expert system in a graphical programming environment Merged texts and graphics printing method Obtaining output-adjusted color separations Digital color representation --Presenting compressed electronic day calendar data --Cursor control of scrolling movements on certain computer workstations --Specifying 3D reference points in 2D graphic displays Graphics image editor Simplified menu inputting for a pen plotter Displaying radar data NC program drawing method Eliminating hidden faces for synthesis of a three dimensional wire image Machine interface with cyclically displayed hierarchical menus and user selection of menu items by actuation of a single switch Generating digital, angled halftone screens using pixel candidate lists and screen angle correction to prevent moire patterns --Three dimensional graphic display with user defined vanishing point Creating and displaying navigators for guiding to related image information Rendering anti-aliased polygons 3D octree-encoded objects and device for the application of this method Front-end system for a raster output scanner Line rasterization technique for a non-gray scale, anti-aliasing Moving target imaging synthetic aperture radar Processing and displaying multivariate time series data Generating a plurality of parameters of an object in a field of view System for reading and displaying an edit-processed DNA pattern Setting the contrast of a color video picture in a computer controlled photographic film analyzing system Processing half tone images to improve efficiency of data compression Optimum matched illumination waveform design process --Memory manager for hierarchical graphic structures --Computer-based, audio/visual creation and presentation system and method Real time digital video animation using compressed pixel mappings Forming a computer generated hologram --Color mapping system and method Graphics-assisted terminal administration arrangement Method of drawing a cubic view Full speed animation system for low-speed computers and method Labelling polygons Rendering of geometric volumes Colorizing black and white documents Computer-generated autostereography method and apparatus --Virtual display adapter Method of setting drawing parameters for an XY plotter Graphics program adaptor Interactive video control system for displaying user-selectable clips Raster scanning engine driver which independently locates engine drive signal transistors within each cell area Flattening three dimensional surfaces Graphic reproduction method Apparatus for converting character outline data into dot data Displaying and integrating commercial advertisements with computer software Color selection Method and facility for dynamic video composition and viewing Graphically indicating routing and time relationships between process jobs Conversion of outline characters to bitmap characters Printer controlling apparatus Graphics workstation for creating graphics data structure which are stored retrieved and displayed by a graphics subsystem for competing programs The computing and imaging of views of an object Drawing wide lines in a raster graphics system Data displaying apparatus with novel graphic position and ratio display means Graphic file directory and spreadsheet Smoothing method and apparatus for smoothing contour of character Adaptive scaling for decoding periodic self-clocking glyph shape codes High-speed image rendering method using look-ahead images Color normalization process Computer graphics hidden surface removal system Graphically representing and manipulating data stored in databases Hidden line and surface removal in a three dimensional display hidden surface removal Applying a shadowing operation to figures drawn for displaying on CRT-display --Language bindings for graphics functions to enable one application program to be used in different processing environments Elimination of contouring on displayed gray level images Video image motion data generator for computer graphics Graphics display data manipulation Real-time rasterization for a column-oriented printing apparatus Quick three-dimensional display ------------------------------------------------------------------------ GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACES Interface and application development based on a gene metaphor Producing form display with blank fields and inputing data to the blank fields --Incrementally changing window size on a display Interactive video-audio-computer open architecture operation --Simultaneous update and change in parent and child windows Capturing information in drawing or writing System for choosing between operation modes in a data processing system by interacting with a displayed multinodal hierarchal figure Correlating user preferences with a T.V. program information database Ideographical character signalling system --Enabling a blind computer user to handle message boxes in a user interface Form generating method and apparatus Exercising diagnostic functionality in product extensions Customizing a user interface in an integrated environment --System for testing a performance of user interactive-commands using an emulator-overlay for determining the progress of the user timing response Data input interface for handicapped persons responsive to multiple push buttons for selecting data stored in binary tree Script/binary-encoded-character processing with moving space insertion mode Information search terminal and system System for editing document containing audio information Offline editing with user interface for controlling edit list generation Method and apparatus for data acquisition Multi-backspace key system for keyboard operation Editing data by limiting current operations according to previous operations Interactive automated mapping system --Direct manipulation of icons via conversational linking Interactive transit information system --Cursor for LCD displays Team trainer Data-handling and display system capable of supporting multiple application programs and output devices Encoding and decoding Chinese characters Automatically selecting among a plurality of input modes --Menu system for informing which past selections have caused disabled actions Representing bordered areas of a generic form with records Multimedia interface and method for computer system Offline editing system Sound editing system using visually displayed control line for altering specified characteristic of adjacent segment of stored waveform Automatic determination of operator training level for displaying appropriate operator prompts --Application independent (open) hypermedia enablement services Sequential information controller User interface system having programmable user interface elements Diagnosis of malfunctions and set-up of a reproduction machine Interactive intelligent interface --Controlling cursor movements on certain computer workstations Image hand markup detection using morphological techniques Vector calculator apparatus for graphic waveform manipulation --Combined keyboard and mouse entry Inputting simplified form and/or original complex form of Chinese character --Constructing selection cursors on dependent workstations Intelligent scrolling Telephone with user friendly interface and enhanced integrity features Multipurpose computerized television Cursor display control method and apparatus in a graphic display system Display method in software development support system Digital signal processing system employing icon displays Multi-window control system Cursor shift speed control system Voice interactive computer system Interactive multimedia presentation and communications system Interactively manipulating mathematical equations Intelligent machining workstation operating logic Acquisition, storage and display of colored geographical maps Symbol definition apparatus --Virtual graphics display for presenting icons and windows to the blind user Multi-optional processing, storing, transmitting and retrieving graphical and tabular data in a mobile transportation distributable and/or networkable communications and/or data processing system Method of substituting fonts and displaying characters Reproduction apparatus with improved operator interactive display for use in job set-up Multi-screen setting condition display system 3D stereo integrated attitude director and horizontal situation indicator An air traffic control system --User interface customization apparatus --Panel definition language for computer display --Three dimensional directional pointer icon --Help provision in a data processing system 3-tier menu system Storing, transmitting and retrieving graphical and tabular data Multi-dimensional analysis/display for large volume of record items TCAS view display format with horizontal trend Touch panel and method of controlling same Dynamic adjustment of filter weights for digital tablets Three-dimensional display apparatus Computer assisted instructional delivery system and method Electronic information retrieval for image information Detector system for object movement in a game Method of printing leaflets, catalogs or the like Redundant system for interactively evaluating the capabilities of multiple test subjects to perform a task utilizing a computerized test system Method of communicating with a language deficient patient Improving a person's skill for playing an interactive video game requiring hand-eye coordination and operation of manual activation means Real-time recognition of pointing information from video User responsive transit system Methods for set up and programming of machine and process controllers Diagnostics system for use with a recording apparatus Mouse driven remote communication system Expert advice display processing system Creating reminder messages/screens during execution and without ending current display process Helicopter virtual image display system incorporating structural outlines Configuring a graphic interface Customized personal terminal device Interactive display for use on an automatic guided vehicle Orientational mouse computer input system Medical ultrasound imaging system having a partitioned menu Graphics cursor handler Computer interface for the configuration of computer system and circuit boards Manipulating outlines in improving digital typeface on raster output devices Graphic display apparatus Land navigation system displaying the position of a vehicle in real time Controlling selection in a user interface employing a display Icon aided run function display system User extensible testing system Displaying context sensitive help information on a display --Visually assisted method for transfer of data within an application or from a source application to a receiving application --Advanced user interface Multilingual operator prompting system which compares language control file version numbers in document and mass memory for changing language files Block diagram system and method for controlling electronic instruments with simulated graphic display Computer apparatus for brush styled writing Displaying context sensitive help information on a display Moving control points in displaying digital typeface on raster output devices Assistance with development, selection and evaluation of ideas and concepts Sound editing system using control line for altering specified characteristic of adjacent segment of the stored waveform Data display method Power management symbology display system Information retrieval apparatus and interface for retrieval of mapping information utilizing hand-drawn retrieval requests Determining the locations of the contents of bordered areas of a generic form Interactive system for the mathematical representation of physical models System for enhancing or replacing the process of dictating and transcribing Multi-dimensional user interface Techistoscope for teaching, particularly of reading and writing User interface for a golf green and a golf putt modelling system Generic form generation Apparatus for drilling pronunciation --visually comparing files in a data processing system Window management apparatus for a document creating apparatus Edit control system for use in an image processing apparatus --Computer user interface with window title bar icons --Computer user interface with window title bar mini-icons --Help provision in a data processing system Window system with independently replaceable window functionality --Interactively creating action bar pull-down windows of a user interface --Dynamically generating user messages utilizing error log data User interface in which operation associated with input device may be switched Generating dialogue-windows visually displayed on a computer screen Object oriented framework for menu definition Inputting radical-encoded chinese characters Touch screen user interface with expanding touch locations for a reprographic machine Measuring spectral features using a cursor control and a marker Recording and replaying mouse commands by recording the commands and the identities of elements affected by the commands --Automatically customizing the user interface of application programs Concurrent display of data from two different processors each having different display font and user interface for controlling transfer of converted font data therebetween System for encoding a collection of ideographic characters Detecting cursors Keyboard means displayed on the computer screen for directing entry of alphanumeric characters in a two-stroke mode Operator introduction screen Intelligent help system Image-audio transformation system Method of generating a cursor --Exchanging electronic calendars based on entries and classification among users of the system --System for testing human factors and performance of a system program Touch dialogue user interface for reproduction machines --Display system for representing an array of data values in a display field ------------------------------------------------------------------------ DATABASE Knowledge base management system Security instrument data system without property inapplicable nulls --File lock management in a distributed data processing system --Maintaining referential integrity within a relational database Asynchronous operation in a database management system Databases system for permitting concurrent indexing and reloading of data by simulating the reload process to determine final locations of the data --Combining search criteria to form a single search and saving search results for additional searches in a document interchange system Restructuring a database using a relational database scheme derived by selecting subscheme joins to avoid cycles --Concurrent use during sequential batch applications using persistent cursors Information search terminal and system Networking computers having varying file architectures --Dynamically expanding and rapidly accessing file directories File server system having high-speed write execution Intelligent computer integrated maintenance system and method Method of managing storage medium Method for performing transaction Updating application databases used in a distributed transaction environment --Accessing relational database without exiting an object-oriented environment File compaction process for electronic printing systems Classification of combinatorial data for the summarization and/or tabulation Database system and matching method between databases Encoding-format-desensitized methods for interchanging electronic document as appearances Information management for appendage type additional information medium On-line reconstruction of a failed redundant array system Database search and record retrieval system which continuously displays category names during scrolling and selection of individually displayed search terms Indexing and storing a large database with high data insertion frequency --Remote storage management mechanism and method Apparatus and method for updating transaction file Naming database component files to avoid duplication of files --File and record locking between nodes in distributed processing environment High speed search and retrieval of data within text and record oriented files --Attribute-based classification and retrieval system Relational database management system and method for storing, retrieving and modifying directed graph data structures Building a database and performing marketing based upon prior shopping history Database retrieval system having a natural language interface Testing system including removable storage means for transfer of test related data and means for issuing a certification upon successful test completion Storing data subjected to dispersion processing Method of managing space of peripheral storages Protecting material on storage media and transferring material on storage media to various recipients Mass storage array with efficient parity calculation Implementing a class hierarchy of objects in a hierarchical file system Buffered disk unit and method of transferring data therein Archival document image processing and printing system Database generation management method and system --Computer-controlled optimized pairing of disk units --Method of filing having a directed relationship through defining a stable relationship within the context of a folder document --Reducing communications in distributed database transactions by serializing Multi-dimensional analysis/display for large volume of record items Computerized management system --Concurrently applying redo records to backup database in a log sequence using single queue server per queue at a time File block managing using next record header position data and delete history data from block header and record headers to locate requested record block Hierarchical presearch type text search method and apparatus Data integrity for compaction devices Computer controlled optimized pairing of disk units Coordinating informational storage and retrieval Data storage apparatus and method --Determining correctness and contents of control data structures in moving media data storage systems --Persistent stream for processing time consuming and reusable queries in an object oriented database management system List type storing and retrieving system --Resumeable batch query for processing time consuming queries in an object oriented database management system Up/down loading of databases --Storing data in and retrieving data from non-main storage virtual data space Automatically creating a second workspace operation record including history data and a unit ID based on a first workspace operation Data base system which maintains project query list, desktop list and status of multiple ongoing research projects --Nonsynchronous DASD control Providing 3 state data base for use with automatic optical inspection systems Data storage for providing redundant copies of data on different disk drives Self documenting record of instrument activity and error messages stamped with date and time of occurrence --Data availability in restartable data base system Electronic text Paint formula retrieval and management Image communication and database system --Directory cache management in a distributed data processing system Intersystem data base sharing journal merge method Data recording method --Cache management method for shared, sequentially-accessed, data Image data filing system with image data modification facility Multilingual database system including sorting data using a master universal sort order for all languages Information retrieval apparatus and interface for retrieval of mapping information utilizing hand-drawn retrieval requests Information filing apparatus that stores and erases information based on frequency of its use Document image filing system for furnishing additional managerial information for management of documents filed in the system --Sorting using approximate key distribution in a distributed system Remapping defects in a storage system through the use of a tree structure Electronic maintenance support work station Data copying method for disk storage medium Transaction inquiring method and apparatus --Interchange object data base index which eliminates the need for private copies of interchange documents files by plurality of application programs --Calculating disk-access footprints for use in selecting a storage method Data recovery system and method of distributed transaction processing system --Dispatching work requests in a data storage hierarchy Machine translation utilizing previously translated documents Processing data in medical information communication system Providing recoverability in mass storage data base systems without audit trail mechanisms System for multiple access hard disk partitioning Reliable database administration arrangemenmt Mapping rules and objects from a stable storage database management system within a forward or backward chaining inference cycle Monitoring changes in attribute values of object in object oriented database --Compiled objective referential constraints in a relational database --Selecting multiple versions of data in a reduced record units text editor Automatically redistributing data records stored therein --File-based redundant parity protection in a parallel computing system --Intercommunicating between applications and a database manager Searching database component files to retrieve information from modified files --Concurrent modification of an index tree in a transaction processing system Information storage and retrieval utilizing hashing techniques --Joining two database relations on a common field in a parallel relational database field Replacing data using single step process mode Automated interactive record system --Preservation of CRC integrity upon intentional data alteration Information retrieval apparatus with separate retrieval conditions and updatable key registers Concurrent processing controlling method and apparatus on B+ tree structure --Modular data storage directories for large capacity data storage units where the index to the records in a sector is located in adjacent sector Control apparatus of image filing system Method of sorting data records User extensible, language sensitive database system Information management system --Maintenance of file attributes in a distributed data processing system System for managing a storage medium reducing physical space needed --Method of changing data on disk Computerized system for display and storage of materials batching information Method of managing defective sensors in a disk-shaped information recording medium and an apparatus for performing the same --Aperiodic mapping using power-of-two stride access to interleaved devices Data base system including memorandum information and method for managing memorandum information Mass document storage and retreival system --Unified working storage management Recording area management system for writable type optical disk Retrieving and updating data in a real-time data base system --Method of reducing the amount of information included in topology database update messages in a data communication network --Filing stapled documents with a stable relationship involving one or more applications programs Figure retrieval method --Use of morphological data to cross reference keywords used for retrieval Model user application system for clinical data processing that tracks and monitors a simulated out-patient medical practice using a data base Qualitative saving of digitized data Apparatus for specifying a result relation in a relational database system Passing data parameters between a calling program and a called subroutine in a command analysis table of a computer stored data base system --Storage and retrieval system Graphic file directory and spreadsheet Real time event driven database management system Computer file system System for optimizing query processing in a relational database --Preforming a sort operation in a relational database manager to pass results directly to a user without writing to disk Mail deliverability by mail and database processing Graphically representing and manipulating data stored in databases ------------------------------------------------------------------------ WORD PROCESSING and DOCUMENT HANDLING Document generation using information engineering Document processing system having integrated expert module Method of storing information within a reproduction system Electronic dictionary for outputting words in the opposite order in which they are searched --Method of enabling the translation of machine readable information Token editor architecture Multiple integrated document assembly data processing system --Combining search criteria to form a single search and saving search results for additional searches in a document interchange system Document revising system for use with document reading and translating system Remote signature rendering system & apparatus Information processing system --Forms processor with controlled remote revision Electronic spelling machine having ordered candidate words Control of spell checking device Document processing method and system Encoding-format-desensitized methods for interchanging electronic document as appearances Document processing apparatus Image-based document processing system providing lost image recovery --Access of multiple documents based on document relationship classification Word spelling and definition educational device Computer aided text generation method and system Intelligent electronic word processor with plural print wheels and tables used to identify displayed characters supported by designated print wheels Data processing system and editing apparatus aided thereby Data processing system and editing device aided thereby Personal computer dictation with voice and text stored on same storage medium Document processing apparatus Knowledge based system for document authentication Rxtracting data from documents for subsequent processing Electronic printing system for multiple images with determination of the maximum number of reduced size images to be optimally printed on a sheet of detected size without interference Electronic dictionary with correct and incorrect words Identification and correction of document skew Archival document image processing and printing system Document processing apparatus having a ruled line print control function Document image processing system --Technique for contracting element marks in a structured documents System for parsing multidimensional and multidirectional text into encoded units and storing each encoded unit as a separate data structure Classifying text --(De)compressing forms by means of very large symbol matching Document management and production system --Method of filing having a directed relationship through defining a stable relationship within the context of a folder document Information processing apparatus Editing documents Dynamic thresholding for documents using structural information Distributed text editing system with remote terminal transmits successive audit messages each identifying individual editing operation Method of printing leaflets, catalogs or the like Document decompressing system Text processing apparatus using modification relation analysis Document retrieval system Hierarchical presearch type text search method and apparatus Shipment system including processing of document images Text editing device Changing characters in an image User definable font substitutions with equivalency indicators Phonetically encoding chinese textual data for data processing entry Understanding and manipulating minimally formatted text documents Knowledge based system for document authentication Word processing apparatus --Vector relational characterical object --Document image management in a case processing system Method and system of specification processing Document identification by characteristics matching Checking correct use of units or chemical formulae in a text processing system Litigation support system and method Automatically outputting document having data dependent size Method of incorporating a scanned image into a page layout --Maintaining a time frame selective document history log in a data processing system Multilingual operator prompting system which compares language control file version numbers in document and mass memory for changing language files Searching and displaying selected data and for updating displayed data in a text editing system Electronic text Word processor with text layout display function --Processing documents having amounts recorded thereon Dictionary linked text base apparatus Slanting a font while inserting corrective pixels to improve print quality Determining the locations of the contents of bordered areas of a generic form System for enhancing or replacing the process of dictating and transcribing Document image filing system for furnishing additional managerial information for management of documents filed in the system Document editing apparatus which activates application programs in response to document data input --Associating annotation with electronically published material Printing system with automatic statistical compilation and billing Generic form generation Isolating an area corresponding to a character or word --Document distribution by reference to a first group and particular document to a second group of user in a data processing system --Retaining access to deleted documents in a data processing system Supporting of making formatted document --Requesting a user to use a marker to associate a document with an action --Interchange object data base index which eliminates the need for private copies of interchange documents files by plurality of application programs Text processing apparatus including fixed and scrolled display information --Memory management within a document history log in a data processing system Window management apparatus for a document creating apparatus Desktop publishing system and method of making up documents --Automatic extraction of data from printed forms --Deleting a marked portion of a structured document Data processing system and editing apparatus aided thereby Secure time-stamping of digital documents Digital document time-stamping with catenate certificate Dictionary searching system Image processing system for documentary data --Selecting multiple versions of data in a reduced record units text editor --Limiting manipulation of documents within a multi-document relationship Merged texts and graphics printing method --Defining relationships among documents including logical relationships Word processor utilizing image inputting means System for registration of documents --Generation of document history log reports in a data processing system OCR for sequentially displaying document layout Word processor for defining position, size, and form of a symbol and formula Word processing device with an automatic address-input function Text (word processor) having right end justified variable size display area for information related to input data Information processing apparatus having a specified-area confirming function Formatting document by using command codes regarding document structure Tabular document reader service --Locating the amount field on a document --Technique for creating and expanding element marks in a structured document Search improvements for electronic spelling machine Apparatus for and method of reconstructing a document Managing lengthy footnotes in a word processing environment --Method of assigning retention and deletion criteria to electronic documents stored in an interactive information handling system Word processor with selectable line-lengths which uses memory table for detecting characters not permitted at line-head or line-end Processing a document by utilizing an image Providing binding and capitalization in structured report generation --Filing stapled documents with a stable relationship involving one or more applications programs Method and means for managing citations in documents Text processing apparatus with adjustment for right margin flush Extracting a text region in a document image Word processing apparatus Forms generation Word processor with column layout function --Distributing related documents to identified end users Reading a document and processing the image Text modifier Entry text display system Word processing apparatus having image-format control functions Phonetic multi-lingual word processor --Copying a marked portion of a structured document Character processing apparatus having a digit place alignment function ------------------------------------------------------------------------ FINANCIAL Security instrument data system without property inapplicable nulls Measuring the effectiveness of stimuli on decisions of shoppers Quality control using multi-process performance analysis Card payment system for service dispensing devices Automated coin grading system Electronic cash system Recording and billing system Centralized processing of accounting and payment functions Remote delivery of retail banking services Financial management system Optimization of process/property/compositional parameters Intelligent computer integrated maintenance system and method Integrating lottery terminals into point of sale systems Method of inventory management for footwear and last manufacture --Discrete activity resourse allocation by cardinality constraint generation --Producing softcopy book readers which are limited to reading only books published by a specific publisher Interactive transit information system Goal-oriented investment indexing, tracking and monitoring Method for performing transaction Generating personalized books while a purchaser waits Business transaction and investment growth monitoring data processing --Multilevel bill of material processing Character and pattern recognition machine and method Computer-based method and system for product development Footwear visual image cataloging and sizing Enhanced management of pension-backed credit Credit card system including a central unit and a plurality of local units for conducting low-cost transactions Method of operating offices of financial institutes Insuring futures contracts against catastrophic loss Centralized consumer cash value accumulation system for multiple merchants Transaction control system including portable data terminal and mobile customer service station Building a database and performing marketing based upon prior shopping history Maintaining continuous total of refund amounts due a customer and for allowing customer designation of the amount of refund to be applied to a purchase Multifunction interactive automatic bowling alley using a touch screen console Processing of check batches in banking operations System for display of prices and related method Remotely crediting and billing usage of electronic entertainment machines --Bill of material and project network processing Improving manufacturing processes Trading system for providing real time context sensitive trading messages based on conversation analysis Courtesy amount read and transaction balancing system Integrated services platform for telephone communication system Requisitioning and distributing material in a manufacturing environment Electronic income tax refund early payment system with means for creating of new deposit account for an electronically transferred refund from the IRS Data processing system for hub and spoke financial services configuration Accounting system System for electronically recording and redeeming coupons --Engineering and manufacturing change control mechanism System for synthesizing travel cost information Integrated group insurance information processing and reporting system based upon an enterprise-wide data structure Interactive multimedia presentation and communications system Payment or information transfer by money card with electronic memory Storing and generating financial information employing user specified input and output formats Totally integrated construction cost estimating, analysis, and reporting The billing of value-added communications call Interactive telephone gaming system Predicting agent requirements in a force management system Transparent signalling for remote terminals Apparatus and method for managing crisis situations Automated teller machine and method thereof Vehicle route planning system Automatic cash handling system offering optional printed record Computer system and method for work management Telephone access information service distribution system Automatic ordering method and apparatus Analyzing and generating optimal transportation schedules for vehicles such as trains and controlling the movement of vehicles in response thereto Transaction approval system Food preparation system and method Patterned web cutting for operation manipulation of displayed nested templates Communicating price changes including printer and display Computerized management system Credibility assessment based on feedback-elicited P3 responses of brain Conducting and processing spot commodity transactions Automatic ordering system for allowing a shop to tailor ordering needs System to demonstrate and sell computer programs Automated method for selecting personnel matched to job criteria System for designing custom-made, formfitted clothing, such as bathing suits Priority processing of financial documents using video image capture Data base system which maintains project query list, desktop list and status of multiple ongoing research projects Picking and placing a surface mounted device with the aid of machine vision Collecting and disseminating available-load information for trucking industry Billing system for computing software Set-up optimization for flexible manufacturing systems --Manufacturing process optimizations Paint formula retrieval and management Scenario optimization Printing system with automatic statistical compilation and billing Electronic publishing system Automated tax deposit processing system System for funding, analyzing and managing health care liabilities Anonymous matching system Stock and cash portfolio development system Inventory control method and system Goal-directed financial asset management system POS system including use of expiration dates in commodity codes Evaluating consumer choice through concept testing for the marketing and development of consumer products Method and system for product restructuring Automated bill-of-material generation POS terminal group management device with memory for pre-storing different collection data ranges for each POS terminal Carrier management method and system having auto-rate shopping Automated ledger account maintenance system Centralized consumer cash valve accumulation system for multiple merchants Automated system for pricing and ordering manufactured parts System for use in a temporary help business Automated, interactive vending system for products which must be processed Automated fund collection system including means to eliminate duplicate entries from a mailing list Making staff schedules as function of available resources as well as employee skill level, availability and priority Emergency call locating system Environmental compliance system System for storing history of use of programs including user credit data and having access by the proprietor Automated system for providing liquidity to securities markets Material requirements planning system --Automated rework shop order scheduling system Account settlement in an ATM Prioritizing data in financial information system Job scheduling system Electronic checkbook with automatic reconciliation Data collection, analysis and response system and method Releasing value of an asset Register setting arrangement for carrier management Optimizing reactive power distribution in an industrial power network ------------------------------------------------------------------------ COMPUTER AIDED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING --Assist program for operating a debug program with a user program Optimizing computer code to provide more efficient execution on computers having cache memories Controlling tool execution in a computer-aided software engineering system Programming a task, having a plurality of processes, created by a plurality of different programmers, for operation by a computer Establishing concurrent high level and low level processes in a diagram window through process explosion and implosion subsystems Automatically generating application program Calling interpreter language procedure from compiler language procedure Program debugging support method and apparatus Transforming machine language program into high-level language constructs by manipulating graphical program representations Software development using expanding outline interface Incremental compiler Management interface for license management system Software structuring system and method by data table translation --Removing invariant branches from instruction loops of a computer program Cost-based heuristic instruction scheduling Instruction scheduling for a processor having multiple functional resources Line-skip compiler for source-code development system Local language translations of text portions of computer source code Automatically designing a program structure Adaptive window system for dynamically modeling information systems Vectorized LR parsing of computer programs Incremental linking in source code development systems --Partitioning optimizations in an optimizing compiler Display method in software development support system Graphical display of compiler-generated intermediate database representation Graphics system for automatic computer code generation Object database deletion method for child objects when a child may be linked to multiple parent objects Automatically generating software specifications Assembler system for determining when to compile source code modules Incremental compiler for source-code development system System and apparatus for protecting computer software Transforming user data in accordance with an algorithm defined by design data and for evaluating the transformed data against logical criteria Incremental-scanning compiler for source-code development system Various possible execution paths measurement and analysis system for evaluating before writing source codes the efficiency performance of software designs Parallel processing development system with debugging device includes facilities for schematically displaying execution state of data driven type processor Interprocedural slicing of computer programs using dependence graphs Method and system of specification processing Generating program code files Testing computer hardware and software System for numerical description of computer program logic Methods and apparatus for software retrofitting Billing system for computing software Method of handling errors in software Block diagram simulator using a library for generation of a computer program Producing object programs based on interprocedural dataflow analysis of a source program Dynamic information management system utilizing entity-relationship information model in which the attribute is independent of an entity -- APL-to-Fortran translator Method of checking test program in duplex processing apparatus Improved code generation in reduced instruction set computers Assembly language programming potential error detection scheme sensing apparent inconsistency with a previous operation Automatically converting a data flow description of a source program directly into a function design chart Method of debugging a computer program Retrieving program specification and linking the specification by concept to retrieval request for reusing program parts Comprehensive software protection system --Automatic generation of executable computer code which commands another program to perform a task and operator modification of the generated executable computer code --Tracing method for identifying program execution paths using a trace points bit map with one-to-one correspondence with embedded trace points Minimizing hardware pipeline breaks using software scheduling techiques during compilation System for selectively converting plurality of source data structures through corresponding source intermediate structures, and target intermediate structures into selected target structures --Software error early detection and data capture System for synthesizing plurality of source programs by combining syntax elements and conditions of the programs Program processing for processing optionally post-stored programs Integrating the logical and physical design of electronically linked objects --Computer method for executing transformation rules Software security system for maintaining integrity of compiled object code by restricting users ability to define compilers Compiling a source program by analyzing a subscript of an array included in a loop processing of a computer Representing scalar data dependencies for an optimizing compiler --Compressed LR parsing table and method of compressing LR parsing tables System means for synthesizing, generating and checking software for a computer Implementing a program loop by comparing the loop decrement with the loop value Computer for reducing lambda calculus expressions employing variable containing applicative language code System which reads type and position of task element marks on a matrix of program tasks for automatically generating programs --Interfacing computer application programs written in different languages to a software system Data processing system implemented process and compiling technique for performing context-free parsing algorithm based on register vector grammar --Inserting constructs into compiled code, defining scoping of common blocks and dynamically binding common blocks to task Compiling method for determining programs to be executed parallelly by respective processors in a parallel computer which transfer data with a data identifier to other processors Performing computer functions defined by a hierarchical programming language --Language bindings for graphics functions to enable one application program to be used in different processing environments ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE and EXPERT SYSTEMS Expert system development utilizing a frame processing technique Knowledge base management system --Hybrid backtrack/lookahead searching for constraint-satisfaction problems Organization of theory based systems Parallel inferencing method and apparatus for rule-based expert systems Document processing system having integrated expert module Retrieving justifiably relevant cases from a case library Inference method and system Implementing a concurrent logic program Rule invocation mechanism for inductive learning engine Optimization techniques using genetic algorithms Garbage collection system for a symbolic digital processor VLSI hardware implemented rule-based expert system apparatus and method Expert system for assisting in the design of a complex system Core predictions for qualitative physics Fault finder expert system --Dynamic scheduling Processing knowledge Failure diagnostics, wearout monitoring and predicting life expectancy of helicopter gearboxes and other rotating equipment Storing information about and associating slot behaviors of a slot in a frame-based semantic network Adaptive knowledge inference method and system Expert system including arrangement for acquiring redesign knowledge Element checking system for use in forward inference system Inference engine with conflict resolution based on resource availability Rule base processing system and rule evaluation control method therein Process status supervisory system Dynamic assumption ordering for qualitative physics --Attribute-based classification and retrieval system Electric discharge machining control apparatus --Expert system method for performing window protocol-based data flow analysis within a data communication network Method of resolution for rule conflict in a knowledge based system Inferential system and inferential method Integrated multi-visual expert system maintenance advisor Representing and solving numeric and symbolic problems Control unit having an inference function Problem state monitoring Fuzzy-boolean multi-stage inference apparatus Knowledge based system for document authentication Rule generating and verifying apparatus for fuzzy control AI-based adaptive vehicle control system Totally integrated construction cost estimating, analysis, and reporting Machine failure isolation using qualitative physics Image processing having apparatus for correcting the image processing Editing documents Read-type procedural attachments in Rete-like pattern matching environment Fast method for a bidirectional inference Image processing system suitable for use for a facsimile --Rolling back an expert system Perceptual grouping by multiple hypothesis probabilistic data association Paper machine controller for operating slices Bucket-oriented route planning method, and navigation system Inference rule determining method and inference device Automatic ordering system for allowing a shop to tailor ordering needs Learning methodology for improving traffic prediction accuracy of elevator systems using AI --Performing consistency checks Expert advice display processing system System for switching a rule group Expert system tester Knowledge based system for document authentication Exchange route decision system and method Failure analysis system Expert system for communications network --Building a computer-based Rete pattern matching network Expert system for performing beta-token partitioning in a Rete network Parameter and rule creation and modification mechanism for use by a procedure for synthesis of logic circuit designs Non-linear genetic process for use with plural co-evolving populations Expert system and method for batch production scheduling and planning --Processor allocation for a multiprocessor constraint satisfaction search --Identifying predicate-argument structures in natural language text Landmark recognition for autonomous mobile robots Converting a programmable logic controller hardware configuration and corresponding control program for use on a first programmable logic controller to use on a second programmable logic controller --Expert system debugger Parallel processing qualitative reasoning system Internal expert system to aid in servicing Adaptive memory management system for garbage collection Selective back-tracking in a hierarchical system containing a flag which indicates the validity of a choice-point Mapping rules and objects from a stable storage database management system within a forward or backward chaining inference cycle Diagnostic expert system organized according to Bayesian theory Operating a real-time expert system in a graphical programming environment Automated system to prioritize repair of plant equipment Knowledge compilation / pattern reasoning system System for processing data using logic language --Performance improvement tool for rule based expert systems Fault diagnostic system Fault diagnosis expert system Goal-directed financial asset management system User interactive expert machine controller Geometric inference engine Remotely controlling sensor processing algorithms to expert sensor diagnoses Creating, maintaining and using an expert system by recursively modifying calibration file and merging with standard file Neural network / expert system process control system and method --Inference engine for integrating backward and forward chaining reasoning Expert control system for real time management of automated factory equipment Diagnostic expert system Automated troubleshooting using selective advice and a learning knowledge base Automatic testing method for information processing devices Technique for producing an expert system for system fault diagnosis Modular blackboard based expert system AI pattern-recognition-based noise reduction system for speech processing Artificial intelligence processor Rule inference and localization during synthesis of logic circuit designs Rule based system for synthesizing a program suited for a target system Massively parallel propositional reasoning Self-optimizing method and machine ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ENGINEERING Designing a distribution system for a building Automatic lens focusing based on a Z-transformation polynomial Control and supervisory system for power distribution equipment Real time analysis of light water core neutronics Management system for maintenance information of image forming apparatus Defining pulse width modulation (PWM) waveform patterns to produce inverter outputs having a low harmonic content Generating Fresnel mirrors suitable for use with image display systems Instrumentation system for determining flow stagnation points Cash register transmitting cooking initiation instructions to a kitchen at suitable times for serving articles of a meal in a desired sequence Means and method for non-contact bar code label verification Integrated enroute and approach guidance system for aircraft Determining the airspeed of helicopters Microprocessor-based antenna rotor controller Exercise equipment information, communication and display system Riding simulation system of motorcycle Control system for preventing compressor damage in a refrigeration system Track extension for use with ATCRBS surveillance procedures Distributed weapon launch system Surveying satellite apparatus Autonomous lawn mower Secure and programmable friendly target recognition system Orientation stabilization by software simulated stabilized platform Aircraft collision avoidance system for suppressing useless alarms Airport control/management system Direct entry air traffic control system for accident analysis and training Apparatus and method for drill wear prediction Testing system including removable storage means for transfer of test related data and means for issuing a certification upon successful test completion Requisitioning and distributing material in a manufacturing environment Radar simulation for use with a visual simulator Refrigeration control and display Navigation apparatus Automatic control system for IC engine fuel injection Electronic sewing machine Totally integrated construction cost estimating, analysis, and reporting Guidance system for automatic riveters Tactical route planning method for use in simulated tactical environments Passive ranging through Global Positioning System Apparatus for controlling direction of underground excavator --Automated visual analysis of electronic component leads prior to placement Maintaining plant operation procedures Reactor power measuring method Automatic sewing machine capable of executing stitch back operation Computerized fertilizer injection system ISAR imaging radar system Unauthorized utility use monitor apparatus and method Method of processing radiographic image data for detecting a welding defect Method of acquiring ultrasound images Automatically identifying targets in sonar images Monitoring and maintaining an optimum balance between the main phases of a multi-phase multiple local local electrical distribution system An air traffic control system Ultrasonic inspection and imaging instrument Determining multiple interference in a mobile radio system Substation load distribution monitor system Computer control of the electron microscope sample stage Thermal storage control logic for storage heaters Space vehicle position determination by star acquisition and identification --Motion constraints using particles Distributed multiple irrigation controller management system Data fusion process for an in-vehicle traffic congestion information system Fuzzy inference thermocontrol for injection molding machine with PID control Food preparation system and method Patterned web cutting for operation manipulation of displayed nested templates Vehicle route planning system Reactor core monitoring system and method Method of inspecting jointed portion Controlling the release of jobs from a pool of pending jobs into a factory 3D interferometric SAR terrain mapping employing altitude measurement Route exploration method of navigation apparatus User responsive transit system Subscriber electric power load control system Learning methodology for improving traffic prediction accuracy of elevator systems using AI Automated selection of high traffic intensity algorithms for up-peak period Geographical surveying using cameras in combination with flight computers to obtain images with overlaid geographical coordinates Vehicle location system having enhanced position location processing Moving target discrimination from passive measurements Helicopter virtual image display system incorporating structural outlines Software engine having an adaptable driver for interpreting variable produced by a plurality of sensors Interferometric synthetic aperture detection of sparse non-surface objects Optimization of multiple-fuel fired boilers using iterated linear programming Elevator management system time based security Picking and placing a surface mounted device with the aid of machine vision Feature detection and side scan sonar overlap navigation via image matching Set-up optimization for flexible manufacturing systems --Manufacturing process optimizations Setting analysis condition for thermal analysis of a fluid inside an apparatus Fabricating load-bearing composites free from microbuckling deformation Paint formula retrieval and management Allocating and assigning defensive weapons against attacking weapons High efficiency pattern sequence controller for automatic test equipment Deconvolution of frequency response of pipe structures to acoustic signals Simulating the effect of alternative antenna patterns on the coverage and interference pattern of a mobile radio system Power management symbology display system Differential position determination using satellites --Computer-aided process for placement of CRT trim magnets Electronic maintenance support work station Identifying and quantifying oxides on rolled metal strip Constrained optimum matched illumination-reception radar Coherent correlation addition for increasing match information in scene matching navigation systems Efficient batched-report gating technique Evaluating relationship between the size of discontinuity indications from non-destructive examination of a turbine rotor, stress applied to the rotor and remaining life of the rotor Controlling east/west motion of a geostationary satellite Autonomous spacecraft navigation system Multiple track reduction in an aircraft tracking system Target aimpoint location Process for judging a runway Forming desired radiation pattern with array antenna An aircraft navigation system having improved mission management ------------------------------------------------------------------------ CIRCUIT DESIGN / COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING Design rule test for testing if mask pattern satisfies design rule --Optimized automated macro embedding for standard cell blocks Arrangement method for logic cells in semiconductor IC device Logic placement using positionally asymmetrical partitioning algorithm Logic cell placement method for semiconductor integrated circuit Methodology for deriving executable low-level structural descriptions and valid physical implementations of circuits and systems from high-level semantic specifications and descriptions thereof Bitwise implementation mechanism for a circuit design synthesis procedure Logic equation fault analyzer System for simultaneous, interactive presentation of electronic circuit diagrams and simulation data Data compression process Automatic test generation for model-based real-time fault diagnostic systems Producing a layout of element portions for a semiconductor integrated circuit Scan path generation with flip-flop rearrangement according to geometry of logic circuit Data structure for synthesis and transformation of logic circuit designs Designing integrated circuit modules --Automatic delay adjustment for static timing analysis Extracting logic from transistor and resistor data representations of circuits Computer-based method and system for product development Optimizing automatic place and route layout for full scan circuits Placement of circuit components in an integrated circuit Arranging modules in an integrated circuit --Pseudo-random patterns for functional verification of hardware designs CAE system for automatic heat analysis of electronic equipment Layout pattern verification system Partitioning of connected circuit components before placement in one or more integrated circuits Testing analogue circuits Placement optimizing method and apparatus for designing semiconductor devices Wiring-pattern-determination system Crosstalk verification device Setting capacitive constraints on synthesized logic circuits Algorithm for identifying tests to perform for fault isolation Automatic floorplan operation apparatus Improving static path analysis of digital circuits Method of logic gate reduction in a logic gate array Partitioning PLA product terms into distinct logical groups Adaptable topologies used in routing of ground and power networks on ICs Algorithm for representing component connectivity IC placement method using netlist and predetermined ordering constraints to produce a human readable IC schematic diagram Pseudo-exhaustive self-test technique Automated interconnect routing system Placement optimization system aided by CAD Distributed built-in test equipment system for digital avionics Fault simulation method Testing a network of components, in particular an electronic circuit Artificial parameter homotopy methods for the DC operating point problem Method of and apparatus for generating control program Standard cell and standard-cell-type integrated circuit Incorporating timing parameters in the synthesis of logic circuit designs Schematic capture method having different model couplers for model types for changing the definition of the schematic based upon model type selection CAD system for generating a schematic diagram of identifier sets connected by signal bundle means CAD system placing functional blocks with a circuit constraint satisfied Apparatus for generating a multiple tolerance, three state data base for use with automatic optical inspection systems Analytical development and verification of control-intensive systems Apparatus for and method of analyzing coupling characteristics Failure analysis system Method of manufacturing a reticule Optimizing a physical organization of elements of an integrated circuit chip through the convergence of a redundancy function Circuit simulation using parallel processors and matrix decomposition Locating faults in electronic units Performing fault isolation and failure analysis in link-connected systems Simulating a logic system Technique for routing conductive paths High efficiency pattern sequence controller for automatic test equipment Minimizing sum-of-product cases for circuit synthesis Parameter and rule creation and modification mechanism for use by a procedure for synthesis of logic circuit designs Logic design for creating circuit configuration by generating parse tree from hardware description language and optimizing text level redundancy --Logic simulation using a hardware accelerator together with an automated error event isolation and trace facility Optimizing element placement and deciding the optimal element placement Selectively conditioning integrated circuit outputs for in-circuit test Converting a programmable logic controller hardware configuration and corresponding control program for use on a first programmable logic controller to use on a second programmable logic controller Diagram generator having reference table which included reproducing and name assigning units for expanding circuit from lower to higher level Partitioning of boolean logic equations into physical logic devices Automatic placement method for arranging logic cells Placement of pipelining stages in multi-stage datapath elements Allocation of resources in programmable logic devices Semiconductor integrated circuit device Computer-aided engineering Circuit simulator Dynamic circuit identifier Designing integrated circuits Verifying timing during simulation of digital circuits Rule inference and localization during synthesis of logic circuit designs Performing spike analysis in a logic simulator Extracting design and layout information from an integrated circuit Testing digital circuits Simulation model generation from a data base of a combinatorial circuit Computer simulator for electrical connectors Compaction-processing mask pattern data of a semiconductor IC device ------------------------------------------------------------------------ NEURAL NETWORKS Accelerated training apparatus for back propagation networks Learning in a neural network On-line process control neural network using data pointers Displaying the state of an artificial neural network --Neural network shell for application programs Dynamically stable associative learning neural system with one fixed weight Neural network with modification of neuron weights and reaction coefficient Training system for neural networks and the like Classification using a layered neural network for multiclass classification Electrophotographic process control device using a neural network for estimating states of the device Classification using in a hierarchical neural network Neural network for analysis of organic materials using spectral data Interspike interval decoding neural network Neural network training using evolutionary programming Artificial neural device utilizing phase orientation in the complex number domain to encode and decode stimulus response patterns Automatically identifying targets in sonar images Information processing apparatus Predictive self-organizing neural network Machine-based learning system On-line training neural network system for process control Method of architecting multiple neural network and system therefor Color processing with neural networks Computer neural network regulatory process control Data processing system Control device for controlling learning of a neural network Neuron unit and neuron unit network Control system with two level sensor system Color transformation from physical to psychological attribute using neural network Selecting characteristics data for a data processing system Recurrent neural networks teaching system Pattern recognition device using a neural network Automatically identifying targets in sonar images Adaptive network for automated first break picking of seismic refraction events and method of operating the same Speech recognition using neural network and fuzzy logic Analog pattern categorization having dual weighted connectivity between nodes --Neural network model for reaching a goal state Neural network with plural weight calculation methods Coloring device for performing adaptive coloring of a monochromatic image On-line process control neural network using data pointers Adaptive pathfinding neural network for a packet communication system Correcting setup parameter decision characteristics using a neural network Customized personal terminal device Generating feature matrix by normalized out-class/in-class variation matrices Rapid category learning and recognition system Radiation image processing, determination and image read-out apparatus --Look ahead method for predictive dialing using a neural network High order information processing method by means of a neural network Multi-sensor explosive detection system using an artificial neural system Self-repairing Trellis network Adaptive network for in-band signal separation Signal phase pattern sensitive neural network system and method Learning system in a neuron computer --Neural network shell for application programs Neural network supervisory process control system and method Pattern recogntion system Genetic algorithm synthesis of neural networks Neural network for predicting lightning Speech recognition apparatus of speaker adaptation type Rhythm pattern learning apparatus Electronic musical instrument utilizing a neural network Categorization automata employing neuronal group selection with memory Neural mode, a network and a chaotic annealing optimization method Self-organization of stable category recognition codes for analog devices Recurrent neural network with variable size intermediate layer Neural network with selective error reduction to increase learning speed Neural network for performing beta-token partitioning in a Rete network Neural-based autonomous robotic system Neural network / expert system process control system and method Neural network system for analyzing chromatographic peaks Neural network with weight adjustment based on prior history of input signal Controlling a process using a trained parallel distributed processing network Neural network with semi-localized non-linear mapping of the input space --Neural network model for reaching a goal state Process control using neural networks Time series data selection Printing signal correction and printer control utilizing neural network Adaptive neural network image processing system Plural neural network having a successive approximation learning method Neural network with normalized learning constant for fast stable learning Waveform analysis using neural network techniques Information processing system using neural network learning function ------------------------------------------------------------------------ SECURITY and ENCRYPTION Identifying and authenticating data characterizing an individual Configuring / performing 3-level password searching on distributed computers Password protection of a computer Method for delegating authorization from one entity to another through the use of session encryption keys Securing and checking the integrity of the secured programs Cryptographic method and apparatus Controllin use of a data processing work station by a password Secure system for activating personal computer software at remote locations Protecting computer software from unauthorized execution using multiple keys Cryptographic system and method Encipher method and decipher method Method of transferring a secret, by the exchange of two certificates between two microcomputers which establish reciprocal authorization Nonlinear dynamic substitution devices and methods for block substitutions Public key/signature cryptosystem with enhanced digital signature certification Processing data by compression and permutation for microcircuit cards Obtaining a securitized cleartext attestation Decoding and displaying personalized ID stored on memory storage device --Producing softcopy book readers which are limited to reading only books published by a specific publisher Adaptive dictionary for a fingerprint recognizer Secure user authentication from personal computer Rekeying secure communication units by group Allocating useful data to a specific originator Controlling access to a secure system by verifying acceptability of proposed password by using hashing and group of unacceptable passwords Computer network operating with multilevel hierarchical security with selectable common trust realms and corresponding security protocols Public key cryptographic mechanism High precision on-line signature dynamic verification system --Generating public and private key pairs without using a passphrase --Public key cryptosystem key management based on control vectors Adaptive elevator security system Restricting access within a wireless local area network Generating a public key Protecting software Data encryption or decryption Pseudo-random choice cipher and method Remote operating system having secure communication of encoded messages and automatic re-synchronization Authenication of rekey messages in a communication system Unauthorized utility use monitor apparatus and method System and apparatus for protecting computer software Authenticated communications access service Algorithm independent cryptographic key management --Secure translation of usage-control values for cryptographic keys Network message security method and apparatus Executing an irregular permutation of data protected by encryption Image processing system for generating, storing, and transmitting image datafiles associated with enciphered identification information --Establish and enforce network cryptographic security policy with public keys Computer system with file security function Providing secure access to a limited access system Cryptographic system based on information difference Encryption and decryption of chained messages --Secure and private communication in a triple-connected network Public key exchange in a cryptographic system Security system for software Service provision authentication protocol Multi-sensor explosive detection system using an artificial neural system Generating random number for the encoded transmission of data Public key cryptographic system using elliptic curves over rings Cryptographic communication method and system Public key cryptographic system and method --Hybrid public key algorithm / data encryption algorithm key distribution Authenticating messages Allocating core points of fingerprints Authenticating accreditations and for authenticating and signing messages Secure time-stamping of digital documents Digital document time-stamping with catenate certificate International authorization system Protecting integrity of computer data and software Secret information service system and method Password system utilizing two password types, the first being changeable after entry, the second being unchangeable until power is removed Method and system for preventing unauthorized use of software Random choice cipher system and method Software security system for maintaining integrity of compiled object code by restricting users ability to define compilers --Manipulating rights-to-execute with a software copy protection mechanism Encipher method and decipher method --Secure management of keys using control vectors with multi-path checking Secure system for activating personal computer software at remote locations Securing remote terminal and remote terminal program A trainable security system and method for the same Encryption with selective disclosure of protocol identifiers Method and a system enabling software to be run securely Using an encrypted key as a key identifier in a data packet in a network Protection of software in memory against unauthorized use --Cryptographic key version control facility ------------------------------------------------------------------------ MULTIPROCESSING --Multiprocessor operating system for notifying only those cache managers who are holders of shared locks on designated page by global lock manager --Data prefetching based on store information in multi-processor caches Sharing memory in a multiprocessor system Dynamic algorithm selection for volume rendering, isocontour and body extraction in a MIMD multiprocessor Seismic migration of multiprocessor computer Maintaining cache coherence in a multiprocessor computer system --Multiprocessing system with enhanced shared storage --Multi-processor graphics display for displaying hierarchical data structures Multiprocessor computer system with process execution allocated by process managers in a ring configuration System inhibiting message delivery to destination process until priority of process executing on destination processor is no higher than priority of sending process Preventing bus contention problems between two processors Controlling a highly parallel multiprocessor using an anarchy based scheduler for parallel execution thread scheduling Organizing a process database having different types of data blocks by maintaining separate tables for generic routines and for block-type specific routines --Partitioning of sorted lists for multiprocessors sort and merge Adaptive routing of messages in parallel and distributed processor systems Twin-threshold load-sharing system with each processor in a multiprocessor ring adjusting its own assigned task list based on workload threshold Error transition mode for multi-processor system Reference and change table storage system for virtual memory data processing system having a plurality of processors accessing common memory Cooperatively executing programs by sequentially sending a requesting message to serially connected computers --Interface for independently establishing a link and transmitting high level commands including logical addresses from dedicated microprocessor to shared intelligent memory Data recovery system and method of distributed transaction processing system --Implementing inter-processor interrupts using shared memory storage Generating instruction sequences for controlling data flow processes Concurrency simulation --Increasing the operational availability of a system of computer programs operating in a distributed system of computers Translation and execution of programs by automatic partitioning and data structure allocation Executing a program in a heterogeneous multiple computer system Providing cooperative processing between personal computers and a host computer --System for recording at least one selected activity from a selected resource object within a distributed data processing system Concurrent processing controlling method and apparatus on B+ tree structure Controlling a process using a trained parallel distributed processing network Controlled dynamic load balancing for a multiprocessor system System bus for multiprocessor computer system Multiple cooperating and concurrently operating processors using individually dedicated memories Apparatus for distributed data processing Method of routing a plurality of messages in a multi-node computer network User and application program transparent resource sharing multiple computer interface architecture with kernel process transfer of user requested services Executing concurrent co-processor operations and handling related exceptions --Dispatching tasks among multiple information processors Shared resource managing method and system --System concurrently running application programs and selectively routing device input to resource controller created virtual terminals and real physical devices Distributed data processing utilizing distributed display format Multiprocessor system with sequential prioritized common memory access preventing memory update access by all processors except main processor Multiprocessing method and arrangement Modular blackboard based expert system Distributed data driven process Interrupt handling in a multi-processor data processing system Transferring data through a network of intelligent control stations using decentralized control techniques Simulating the operation of programs in a distributed processing system --Dynamic resource pool expansion and contraction in multiprocessing --Distributed queue multiple access in a communication system ------------------------------------------------------------------------ PATTERN RECOGNITION Parametric clutter elimination Pattern recognition apparatus Constellation matching system and method Classification using in a hierarchical neural network Pattern recognition data processing using an associative matching method Device for the recognition of sequences in a multidimensional signal Adaptive dictionary for a fingerprint recognizer Track extension for use with ATCRBS surveillance procedures Pattern processing system Vector quantization method employing mirrored input vectors to search codebook Hick's probabilistic data association method Automatic categorization of applicants from resumes Training module for estimating mixture Gaussian densities for speech-unit models in speech recognition systems Adjusting the shape of a running band-like or plate-like metal material in the width direction Pattern matching system for speech recognition system Approximate entropy General method of pattern classification using the two domain theory Pattern recognition device using a neural network Analog pattern categorization having dual weighted connectivity between nodes Binary image processing for decoding self-clocking glyph shape codes Face recognition system Moving target discrimination from passive measurements Pattern recognition system having inter-pattern spacing correction --Optical recognition of chemical graphics Feature detection and side scan sonar overlap navigation via image matching Classifying feature data at a high speed Pattern recogntion system Allocating core points of fingerprints Character discrimination using height-to-width ratio and vertical extraction Categorization automata employing neuronal group selection with memory Non-linear genetic algorithms for solving problems by finding a fit composition of functions Brake lining temperature prediction system for a traction control system Self-organization of stable category recognition codes for analog devices Knowledge compilation / pattern reasoning system Detecting line segments and patterns in an optically scanned document Pattern recognition device Electronic accident estimating system Speech recognition having dynamic reference pattern adaptation Model based pattern recognition Abnormal pattern detecting apparatus Detecting subpopulations in spectral analysis Feature extracting method Pattern recogntion apparatus and method Pattern discrimination Minutia data extraction in fingerprint identification Method of fingerprint verification AI pattern-recognition-based noise reduction system for speech processing Pattern recognition utilizing area linking and region growth techniques Combustion prediction and discrimination apparatus for an internal combustion engine and control apparatus therefor ------------------------------------------------------------------------ MEDICAL and HEALTH Automated determination and analysis of bone density and vertebral morphology Phase corrected complex-difference processed magnetic resonance angiograms Calibrating an x-ray scanner from image of at least one calibration standard Classifying heartbeat waveforms Method and apparatus for judging deformation of vertebral body Method and apparatus for imaging the anatomy Method for displaying a portion of the body Computation and processing of a 3-D image in conical projection Method and system for acquiring MR data in MRI Displaying and analyzing nonlinear, dynamic brain signals Generating optimal pulses for magnetic resonance imaging using spatial modulation of magnetization Color imaging system Diabetes therapy management system, apparatus and method Telepathology diagnostic network Predicting cardiac arrhythmia utilizing frequency informatiton derived from multiple segments of the late QRS and the ST portion Optical imaging system for neurosurgery Ultrasonic color doppler diagnostic apparatus Identifying discrete data representative of an input sample stream Mapping of corneal topography with display of pupil perimeter Cancer detection using nuclear magnetic resonance Investigating mammograms for masses and calcifications Vascular impedance measurement instrument Method of locating a target on a portion of anatomy Sinography method and apparatus Helical scanning with a stationary detector using rebinning and splicing to create detector vertex projection sets Magnetic resonance imaging system Neonatal cardiorespirograph using multi-variable display and memory Testing and treating of visual dysfunctions Adaptive NMR angiographic reprojection method Segmentation of stationary and vascular surfaces in magnetic resonance imaging Providing general calibration for near infrared instruments for measurement of blood glucose Antiarrhythmia pacer using antiarrhythmia pacing and autonomic nerve stimulation therapy Quantitation of nuclear protein MRI using variable imaging parameter(s) within a single image sequence Diagnosing vulnerability to lethal cardiac arrhythmias Medical statistical analyzing method Measurement of cardiac performance Localization of functional activity in the human brain Apparatus for measuring threshold sensitivity to a stimulus Approximate entropy Medical monitoring system with softkey control Quantitatively analyzing bone calcium Cone beam scanning trajectories for three-dimensional computerized tomography data acquisition where object is larger than the field of view Diagnosing peripheral field defects and other peripheral retinal damage --Virtual graphics display for presenting icons and windows to the blind user Morphometric analysis of anatomical tomographic data Focusing of magnetic resonance images Electrical impedance tomography Generating varying waveforms in arrhythmia control system X-ray backscatter detection system Radiogrpah display system with anatomical icon for selecting digitized stored images Detecting optic neuropathy Computer tomography system with translatable focal spot Prediction of fracture risk using bone mineral density in structural analysis Medical image processing system Image processing apparatus using disease-based image processing conditions Credibility assessment based on feedback-elicited P3 responses of brain rRducing patient translation artifacts in tomographic imaging Radiation imaging utilizing data reconstruction to provide transforms which accurately reflect wave propagation characteristics Method of communicating with a language deficient patient Improving a person's skill for playing an interactive video game requiring hand-eye coordination and operation of manual activation means Method of analyzing 3D NMR spectrum Reconstructing 2D and 3D images by 2D and 3D Fourier transforms in MRI system Magnetic resonance imaging method X-ray image display apparatus Quantifying macrophage phagocytosis by computer image analysis Multi-echo NMR imaging method Medical ultrasound imaging system having a partitioned menu Measuring pattern dimension Prism architecture for CT scanner image reconstruction Artifact suppression system for magnetic resonance imaging apparatus Obtaining the topography of an object Radiation image processing, determination and image read-out apparatus Compensating magnetic field inhomogeneity artifact in MRI Displaying coronary function Decomposing NMR images by chemical species ------------------------------------------------------------------------ SIGNAL PROCESSING Process for transmitting and receiving a signal Spectrometric method free from variations of error factors Identifying and selecting edit points in digital audio signals Voiced/unvoiced estimation of an acoustic signal Time scale modification of speech signals Inverse beamforming sonar system and method Automatically identifying targets in sonar images Device for the recognition of sequences in a multidimensional signal Quantification of the level of weather and sea noise during marine seismic surveys Detecting and separating voices in a complex musical composition Monitoring synchronous blade vibration Sound editing system using visually displayed control line for altering specified characteristic of adjacent segment of stored waveform Providing general calibration for near infrared instruments for measurement of blood glucose Contour mapping of spectral diagnostics Ultrasonic flowmeter Volumetric and terrain imaging sonar Digital signal processing system employing icon displays Processing a waveform Electrical impedance tomography Generating varying waveforms in arrhythmia control system High speed Fourier transform engine SAR processor to handle large squint with high phase and geometric accuracy Determining tonality for chord progression Transient episode detector method and apparatus Modified fast frequency acquisition via adaptive least squares algorithm Pitch control in artifical speech The determination of FIR filter coefficients in equalizers Generating speech from digitally stored coarticulated speech segments Sound editing system using control line for altering specified characteristic of adjacent segment of the stored waveform Deconvolution of frequency response of pipe structures to acoustic signals Signal prediction in a time-varying signal system Encrypted communication between users with a secure mutual cipher key Adaptive network for in-band signal separation Adaptive digital filter responsive to the rate of change of an input signal Fast median filter Noise attenuation method Stringed instrument emulator and method Evaluation of velocities of acoustical energy of sedimentary rocks Estimating the residual source of receiver coordinates from CMP gathers Adjusting seismic data to tie to other data Reducing noise effects in acoustic signals transmitted along a pipe structure Estimating the location of a sensor relative to a seismic energy source Sharpening prestack depth migration images by removing residual moveout from common image point gathers before stacking Undersea data collection, analysis and display system Converting a digital signal into another having a different sampler frequency Software switch for digitized audio signals Analyzing asymmetric clusters in spectral analysis Analyzing a signal by wavelets Finding defective active array modules using an FFT over phase states Correcting spectral data for data due to the spectral measurement process Optimum matched illumination waveform design process Kalman filter-based optimizer and method and optimizing Method of acoustic processing for acoustic image classification Data processing system using a Kalman filter Apparatus for detecting sonar signals embedded in noise Filtering digital data by concatenating preprocesed overlapping groups of data Marine seismic prospecting Waveform analysis using neural network techniques Extracting target range and Doppler information from a Doppler-spread signal Fast Fourier Transform addressing Two dimensional Fast Fourier Transform converter Sensing nuclear magnetic resonance signals given arbitrary gradient shapes Deriving phase of pseudo-random signal in global positioning system receiver ------------------------------------------------------------------------ SPEECH RECOGNITION and SYNTHESIS Inspection control system and method Method for recognizing N different word strings in a speech signal Processing a speech signal with estimated pitch Methods for speech quantization and error correction Grammar-based checksum constraints for speech recognition --Speech recognition using a speech coder outputting acoustic prototype ranks Speech synthesis apparatus and method Extracting a speech signal from a noisy speech signal Method of speech recognition Keyword recognition using template concantenation model Voiced/unvoiced estimation of an acoustic signal Time scale modification of speech signals Real-time interactive conversational toy Machine-based learning system Providing sentence-final accents in synthesized American English speech Voice recognition of proper names using text-derived recognition models Speech recognition based on subsyllable spellings Encoding method for syllables Text-to-speech synthesizer with formant-rule/speech-parameter synthesis modes Vector quantization method employing mirrored input vectors to search codebook Large-vocabulary continuous speech prefiltering and processing system Phoneme discrimination method Distinguishing or counting spoken itemized expressions Wordspotting for voice editing and indexing Distinguishing between voiced and unvoiced speech elements Speech coder having spectral interpolation and fast codebook search --Grouping utterances of a phoneme into context-dependent categories Training module for estimating mixture Gaussian densities for speech-unit models in speech recognition systems Pattern matching system for speech recognition system Voice interactive computer system Language and speaker recognition --Speaker-independent label coding apparatus Automation of telephone operator assistance calls Digital dictation system Harmonic speech coding where a set of parameters for a continuous magnitude spectrum is determined by a speech analyzer Speech recognition using neural network and fuzzy logic Integrated voice messaging / voice response system Automobile navigation system using real time spoken driving instructions Method of speaker adaptive speech recognition Temporal decorrelation method for robust speaker verification Speaker recognition in a telephone switching system Speech synthesis using perceptual linear prediction parameters --Feneme-cased Markov models for words Recognizing spoken words by feature extraction/comparison with reference words Pitch control in artifical speech Speech word recognizing apparatus using information indicative of the relative significance of speech features Generating speech from digitally stored coarticulated speech segments Utilizing formant frequencies in speech recognition Speech recognition apparatus including speaker-independent dictionary Reducing the search complexity in analysis-by-synthesis coding Speech recognition apparatus of speaker adaptation type Vocabulary partitioned speech recognition apparatus Speech recognition system utilizing both a long-term strategic and short-term scoring operation in a transition network thereof Speech recognition wherein decisions are made based on phonemes Voice recognition method by analyzing syllables Speech recognition having dynamic reference pattern adaptation Recognizing alphanumeric strings spoken over a telephone network Speech recognition AI pattern-recognition-based noise reduction system for speech processing Rejection method for speech recognition Identification of voice patterns The recognition of voice signal encoded as time encoded speech Speech recognition method and apparatus Facsimile-to-speech system Continuous speech recognition apparatus Phase synthesis for speech processing ------------------------------------------------------------------------ COMPRESSION Adaptive spatio-temporal compression/decompression of video image signals Transmitting encoded image data with quick image expansion and contraction Huffman encode/decode system with simplified decoding for imaging systems Image processing Data compression method having a fixed ratio of compression for image data Quantization method for use in image compression Raster image lossless compression and decompression with dynamic color lookup and two dimensional area encoding Halftone compression with sharpness preservation Data compression process Compression of video signals --Data compression/coding method and device for implementing said method Concatenated coding method and apparatus with errors and erasures decoding (De)compressing video data using discrete cosine transform coding techniques Method of and apparatus for compressing image data --Method of decompressing compressed data Data encoding and demodulation system Storing pixels --(De)compressing forms by means of very large symbol matching --Minimum identical consecutive run length data units compression method by searching consecutive data pair comparison results stored in a string High speed data compression and transmission for WANs in LAN bridges Compression and decompression of data using Lempel-Ziv based techniques Document decompressing system Compression coding device and expansion decoding device for a picture signal Calculation of a decision result for a field/frame data compression method Data integrity for compaction devices Image data processing method for selective partial image storage Coding and compressing color video signals Coding method for increasing data compression efficiency in transmitting or storing picture signals Technique for achieving the full coding gain of encoded digital signals Fast data compressor with direct lookup table indexing into history buffer Encoding, decoding and transmitting data in compressed form Using multiple predictor sets to compress image data having different portions Compressing and extending image signals Data structure management tagging system Data compression method and apparatus Fractal-based image compression and interpolation Reducing the search complexity in analysis-by-synthesis coding --Arithmetic compression coding using interpolation for ambiguous symbols Data compression/decompression method and apparatus (De)compressing signals using predicted and error images --Communications network data compression control system and method --Presenting compressed electronic day calendar data High resolution image compression methods and apparatus Data compression/decompression method, device and resulting data structure Adaptive transform coding of still images Processing half tone images to improve efficiency of data compression Compressing an image by approximating curves using a polynomial Compressing digital data Compressing and decompressing text files Retrieving compressed data from a memory storing a look-up table Lossless compression and decompression of image data Image compression using interlocking digitate geometric sub-areas Image data compression using a run prediction technique Electronically compressing a transaction with a human signature Compressing image signals ------------------------------------------------------------------------ NUMERICAL ANALYSIS Trimming B-spline descriptions of patches in a 3D graphics system Fast inverse discrete cosine transform using optimized lookup tables Optimization techniques using genetic algorithms Fast calculation for carrying out a forward and an inverse transform Optimization of process/property/compositional parameters Method and apparatus for computing with terms having units Orthogonal transformation arithmetic unit Nonlinear dynamic substitution devices and methods for block substitutions Correcting error on involute interpolation --Dynamic scheduling Device for rapidly solving a symmetric linear system on a supercomputer Representing and solving numeric and symbolic problems Computer controlled nonlinear optimization (De)compressing video data using discrete cosine transform coding techniques Interactively manipulating mathematical equations Computing method of floating-point represented data Encoding system according to the so-called RSA method Optimization of multiple-fuel fired boilers using iterated linear programming Non-linear genetic process for use with plural co-evolving populations Scalar data processing method and apparatus Automatically generating a simulation program for a physical phenomenon governed by a partial differential equation Scenario optimization Public key cryptographic system using elliptic curves over rings Fast median filter Spline interpolation method Incremental computation of a linear function Non-linear genetic algorithms for solving problems by finding a fit composition of functions --Computing the Radon transform of digital images Preconditioned comjugate gradient system Inferring barometric pressure surrounding an internal combustion engine Geometric vector quantization Sensitivity velocity control Decomposition of arbitrary polygons into trapezoids Method of generating a numerical calculation program which simulates a physical phenomenon represented by a partial differential equation using discretization based upon a control volume finite differential method Symbol state trellis maximum likelihood detection method Pore pressure prediction method Convolution filtering for decoding self-clocking glyph shape codes Discrete cosine transform processing system Processing and displaying multivariate time series data Processor method of multiplying large numbers Data processing device for use in statistic calculation Method of demarcating one-dimensional distribution Cross entropy deconvolver circuit adaptable to changing convolution functions Computation of discrete Fourier transform using array parallel processors Computation optimizer Curve correlation Blocked matrix multiplication for computers with hierarchical memory Fast Fourier Transform addressing Two dimensional Fast Fourier Transform converter ------------------------------------------------------------------------ COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN Designing a distribution system for a building Designing cavity shape of mold Expert system for assisting in the design of a complex system --Point placement method for use in 3D automatic mesh generation Three-dimensional non-contact shape sensing Methods and systems for generating parametric designs Automatic generation of a set of contiguous surface patches for a solid model Segmenting internal structures in the interior region of a solid object Curved surface designing method Grinding wheel form defining device Automated high-precision fabrication of objects of complex and unique geometry Generating numerical control information for machining parts Solid modeling method Method of creating NC data for hole machining Enhancing CAD/CAM operator entry of machining attributes and geometric shapes Detecting internal structures contained in interior region of a solid object Electronic template system and method Part program execution for converting a part program to numerical control data --Construction of Minkowski sums and derivatives morphological combinations of arbitrary polyhedra in CAD/CAM systems --Shape decomposition system and method Fabricating load-bearing composites free from microbuckling deformation Recording/reproducing mesh pattern data Generating cutting passes of complex curved surface Composite range constraint propagation control Method of making an implantable joint prosthesis --Computer-aided process for placement of CRT trim magnets Profile definition method Optimizing element placement and deciding the optimal element placement Spline interpolation method --Producing building instructions for three dimensional assemblies Material consolidation modeling and control system Creating a 3D space curve by smoothly connecting a 3D sequence of points Remote plotting of IC layout in a network CAD system Method of draw forming analytically determined binder wrap blank shape Automated high precision fabrication of objects of complex and unique geometry Constructing structures Automatic contour tracking method for CAD Figure input system Determining air-bridge post placement Automated machining of objects of complex and unique geometry Manipulating computer representation of objects of complex and unique geometry Method and system for product restructuring Feature based method of designing automotive panels CAD/CAM apparatus Forming a computer model from an intersection of a cutting surface with a bounded volume Similar shape part program creation method Design system for creating furniture layouts --Conceptual design tool Process and apparatus for designing a system made of components Computer integrated floor plan system Integrated manufacturing system Part profile input method Method of manufacturing guide jig for bent piping member Production management system ------------------------------------------------------------------------ AUTOMOBILE Vehicle tracking using global positioning system (GPS) satellites Vehicle navigation apparatus Method and apparatus for controlling high speed vehicles Digital movement recording apparatus with reduced memory consumption Simulating the dynamic performance of an exhaust gas catalyzer Interactive diagnostic system for an automotive vehicle Gain adjusting device for PID controller for controlling rotational speed of internal combustion engine Vehicle-mounted navigation apparatus Control system for unmanned automotive vehicle Navigation system for automotive vehicle Car mounted navigation system Automated management system for car frames and production method Automotive multiple memory selector apparatus with human interactive control Detecting the misfire of an internal combustion engine Automotive suspension system with enhanced response characteristics Idling speed control system Automatic vehicle driving and method of driving same on chassis dynamometer AI-based adaptive vehicle control system Route guidance system for providing a mobile station with optimum route data in response to guidance request together with base station data indicative of an identification of a base station Vehicle route planning system Method of and arrangement for representing travel guidance information Automobile navigation system using real time spoken driving instructions Automatic travelling apparatus and method Bucket-oriented route planning method, and navigation system Apparatus for displaying travel path Route exploration method of navigation apparatus Production line fault management Vehicle location system having enhanced position location processing In-vehicle traffic congestion information system Interactive display for use on an automatic guided vehicle Adjusting operating parameters of an internal combustion engine Method of forming automatic machine operation program Land navigation system displaying the position of a vehicle in real time Air-fuel ratio control method for internal combustion engines Engine load parameter-calculating system and engine control system Detecting abnormality in an internal combustion engine Controlling ignition timing to suppress engine knocking Load sharing control for automobile PO ptimizing plug firing time and providing diagnostic capability in an automotive ignition service Car body assembling line control Adaptive release apply algorithm Inferring barometric pressure surrounding an internal combustion engine Brake lining temperature prediction system for a traction control system Method of draw forming analytically determined binder wrap blank shape Controlling vehicle automatic transmission according to fuzzy set theory Autonomous vehicle for automatically/autonomously running on route of travel and its method using fuzzy control Feature based method of designing automotive panels Autonomous vehicle using fuzzy control Controlling lockup clutch in vehicle automatic transmission using fuzzy sets Combustion prediction and discrimination apparatus for an internal combustion engine and control apparatus therefor Control system for autonomous automotive vehicle or the like Vehicle automatic transmission control system ------------------------------------------------------------------------ OFFICE AUTOMATION Methods and systems for updating group mailing lists Automated health benefit processing system Reducing fraud in connection with employment, public license applications, social security, food stamps, welfare or other government benefits Automated system for generating procurement lists Data processing apparatus with schedule creation, prioritization, display and control functions Automated voting system Structuring and managing human communications by explicitly defining the types of communications permitted between participants --System and method for business process automation Structuring and managing human communications by explicitly defining the types of communications permitted between participants Automatic call distribution by matching required skills with agents skills Litigation support system and method Parts supply instruction apparatus Automatic categorization of applicants from resumes --Method of scheduling meetings The measurement of response time in attitude survey research Electronic income tax refund early payment system with means for creating of new deposit account for an electronically transferred refund from the IRS Accounting system Facsimile device with skew correction and text line direction detection Payment or information transfer by money card with electronic memory Storing and generating financial information employing user specified input and output formats The billing of value-added communications call Automation of telephone operator assistance calls Predicting agent requirements in a force management system Apparatus and method for managing crisis situations Enhanced ISDN 800 service Computer system and method for work management Machine incorporating an accounts verification system Automation of telephone operator assistance calls Telephone access information service distribution system Automated answer evaluation and scoring system and method Digital dictation system Integrated voice messaging / voice response system Automatic ordering method and apparatus Sensor processor for high-speed mail-handling machine Electronic mail system with means to transmit data to a plurality of recipients without user intervention Curriculum planning and publishing method Redundant system for interactively evaluating the capabilities of multiple test subjects to perform a task utilizing a computerized test system Error tolerant 3*3 bit-map coding of binary data and method of decoding Automatic ordering system for allowing a shop to tailor ordering needs Shipment system including processing of document images Digital dictation system with voice mail capability Office automation with specific task assignment among workstations Meeting management device Mail deliverability by mail and database processing ------------------------------------------------------------------------ GEOPHYSICAL Method of geophysical exploration Method and apparatus for the active reduction of compression waves Layer density determination using surface and deviated borehole gravity values Determining properties of anisotropicelastic media Quantification of the level of weather and sea noise during marine seismic surveys Resistivity log from data recorded by an induction sonde in a borehole Compensating for irregular spatial sampling of seismic wavefields Methods for determining in situ shale strengths, elastic properties, pore pressures, formation stresses, and drilling fluid parameters Data processing system using stream stores Processing echo sounding data collected from boreholes in the earth Seismic migration of multiprocessor computer Methods for processing seismic data Method and sonic tool apparatus for investigating properties of earth formations transversed by a borehole Improved seismic prospecting Using a rig reference sensor with a drill bit seismic source Removing coherent noise from seismic data Removal of amplitude aliasing effect from seismic data Method of accurate fault location using common reflection point gathers Optimizing the triggering of an array of marine seismic sources Reduction of sideswipe noise from seismic data by null steering Adaptive network for automated first break picking of seismic refraction events and method of operating the same Processing seismic reflection data in order to improve seismic sections Method of generating seismic wavelets using seismic range equation Surface-consistent minimum-phase deconvolution 3-D mapping of salt domes Determining dip and strike angles in borehole ultrasonic scanning tool data Deriving statics corrections from common reflection point gathers Method of structural traveltime tomography Finding horizons in 3D seismic data Enhancing seismic data Automatic plotting and assistance interpretation of seismic cross-sections in particular using image analysis techniques Vertical seismic profiling Simultaneous collection of seismic data from shallow and deep targets Bed continuity detection and analysis using crosswell seismic data Evaluating a borehole formation based on a formation resistivity log generated by a wave propagation formation evaluation tool Geophysical exploration by analyzing shear-wave polarization directions Evaluation of velocities of acoustical energy of sedimentary rocks Estimating the residual source of receiver coordinates from CMP gathers Adjusting seismic data to tie to other data Reducing noise effects in acoustic signals transmitted along a pipe structure Geopressure analysis system Estimating the location of a sensor relative to a seismic energy source Determining inclination angle of a borehole while drilling Pore pressure prediction method Estimating the organic matter content of sedimentary rocks from data recorded in wells by well-logging probes Method of locating underground mines fires Marine seismic prospecting Tomographic estimation of seismic transmission velocities from constant offset depth migrations Determining source region of volcanic tremor Analysis of nuclear data for determining characteristics of earth formations traversed by a borehole Efficient method for storing seismic traces on disk Method of improving the siesmic resolution of geologic structures Identify well damage and downhole irregularities Estimating the burial conditions of sedimentary material Determining formation / borehole parameters via 2D tomographic reconstruction of formation slowness Seismic raytracing 3D migration of irregular grids of 2D seismic data ------------------------------------------------------------------------ NATURAL LANGUAGE ANALYSIS Detecting a target language equivalent of a predicate word in a source language word string in a machine translation system Language analyzer for morphemically and syntactically analyzing natural languages by using block analysis and composite morphemes Method for translating Chinese sentences Translation system Machine language translation which produces consistent translated words Database retrieval system having a natural language interface Device for designating a processing area for use in a translation machine Electronic dictionary with correct and incorrect words Electronic translator with multiple speed searching function Classifying text Natural language generation system for producing natural language instructions Generating and/or updating cooccurrence relation dictionary Text processing apparatus using modification relation analysis Machine translation apparatus having a process function for proper nouns with acronyms Written language parser system Translating source language data into multiple target language data including means to prevent premature termination of processing European language processing machine with a spelling correction function --Identifying predicate-argument structures in natural language text Methods for part-of-speech determination and usage Machine translation utilizing previously translated documents Translating words or phrases and information related to words or phrases Machine translation for output of kana/kanji characters corresponding to input Machine translation system Dictionary searching system Means for resolving ambiguities in text based upon character context Input of target language equivalents and determination of attribute data --Modeling words with multi-arc Markov models Determining the semantic relatedness of lexical items in a text Subject and word associating devices Processing natural language text using autonomous punctuational structure System for processing natural language including identifying grammatical rule and semantic concept of an undefined word Natural language processing system --Use of morphological data to cross reference keywords used for retrieval Analyzing the semantics and syntax for a sentence or a phrase Translation machine system with splitting and combining of sentences Arabic language translating device with pronunciation capability Machine translation system Translating adverb phrases placed between two commas through a converter using tree-structured conversion rules Machine translation system and method of translation Translating a language having polite expressions Parsing natural language by unifying lexical features of words Registering new words by using linguistically comparable reference words ------------------------------------------------------------------------ CHARACTER RECOGNITION Recognizing printed characters Character recognition system for determining a class of similarity based on computer distance with a smallest value indicating close similarity --Character recognition system the generalized Hough transformation High efficiency input processing apparatus for alphabetic writings Separating handwritten characters by line and word Computer-based system and method for character recognition Noise tolerant optical character recognition system Character recognition method using optimally weighted correlation Smoothing contour of character Character recognition apparatus Hand-written character recognition with personal dictionary preparation Character processing system having editing function Clustering system for optical character reader Selecting characteristics data for a data processing system Dot-matrix video enhancement for optical character recognition Extracting feature quantities of a character Segmentation of handwriting and machine printed text Character segmentation of skewed text lines for optical character recognition Recognizing concavities in an image system subject to character recognition Character recognition method using statistically weighted correlation Character reading system and method Character recognition which divides a single character region into subregions Recognizing handwritten characters using shape and context analysis Character recognition method using correlation search On-line character recognition apparatus Utilizing multiple data fields for character recognition Character recognition equipment Isolating an area corresponding to a character or word Repairing images for optical character recognition --Automatic extraction of data from printed forms Character discrimination using height-to-width ratio and vertical extraction Character recognition system using massively parallel computer Optical character recognition method and apparatus Detecting line segments and patterns in an optically scanned document OCR for sequentially displaying document layout --Robust prototype establishment in an online handwriting recognition system Optical character recognition apparatus and method using masks operations Character recognition method and apparatus Apparatus for converting handwritten characters onto finely shaped characters of common size and pitch, aligned in an inferred direction signature verification Character recognition method --Method and system for recognizing characters Segmentation process for machine reading of handwritten information Comparing test handwritten and reference signature using signature velocities Optical character recognition ------------------------------------------------------------------------ PARALLEL PROCESSING Routing technique for a hierarchical interprocessor-communication network between massively-parallel processors Device for rapidly solving a symmetric linear system on a supercomputer Massively-parallel computer system for generating paths in a binomial lattice Arrangement for displaying on a display volumetric data --Adaptive routing in a parallel computing system Controlling a highly parallel multiprocessor using an anarchy based scheduler for parallel execution thread scheduling Adaptive routing of messages in parallel and distributed processor systems Transient episode detector method and apparatus --Converting tracedata from processors executing in parallel to graphical form Parallel processing development system with debugging device includes facilities for schematically displaying execution state of data driven type processor Circuit simulation using parallel processors and matrix decomposition --Pipelined parallel rasterization Routing an incoming data stream to parallel processing stations Parallelization compile method and system Optimizing element placement and deciding the optimal element placement Parallel processing qualitative reasoning system Character recognition system using massively parallel computer --File-based redundant parity protection in a parallel computing system Translating source code for selective unrolling of loops in the source code --Joining two database relations on a common field in a parallel relational database field Computation of discrete Fourier transform using array parallel processors Dynamically allocating processors in a massively parallel processing system Object-oriented parallel processing system, including concept objects and instance objects for messages exchanging between objects Massively parallel propositional reasoning Compiling method for determining programs to be executed parallelly by respective processors in a parallel computer which transfer data with a data identifier to other processors ------------------------------------------------------------------------ BIOLOGY Computer representation of nucleotide and protein sequences Virus infection examination apparatus having automatic determination function and method therefor Determining the biocurrent distribution of a living body when the exact number of field sources is not known Correction of NMR data acquired by an echo-planar technique Method of making an implantable joint prosthesis Determining instantaneous and average blood flow rates from digital angiograms Non-invasive tracking of cardiac vulnerability by analysis of T-wave alternans Detecting suicidal predisposition Detecting and quantifying motion of a body part Measuring percentage of protein in whole grain samples Economical, continuous and predictable greenhouse crop production Computing tomographic scans Interactive medication delivery system Rule-based technique to automatically determine the final scan gain in storage phosphor radiography Medical image filing for registering images from many image output devices Differentiating a sample of biological cells Automated learning tool selection for child development Neural network system for analyzing chromatographic peaks System for reading and displaying an edit-processed DNA pattern Determining DNA sequences Measuring multiple optical properties of biological specimens Determining the ability of an individual to perform a task --Patient care communication system Cell image processing method and apparatus therefor Model user application system for clinical data processing that tracks and monitors a simulated out-patient medical practice using a data base Method of forming a 2D distribution image of ion concentration in a cell Cancelling ghosts from NMR images Time domain filtering for NMR phased array imaging Interactive medication delivery system Fourier transforming 3D MR data in by using phase-correction in MRI Design of anti-peptides based on the amino acid sequence of a target peptide Transillumination for the diagnosis of breast tumors and other breast lesions ------------------------------------------------------------------------ VISION Computer vision system for position monitoring in three dimensions using non-coplanar light sources attached to a monitored object Matching a variable 2D image of a known 3D object with a desired 2D image Method of and apparatus for inspecting transparent object for defect Pattern inspection system for inspecting defect of land pattern Machine vision three dimensional profiling system System for checking tool breakages on a machining center Guidance system for automatic riveters --Automated visual analysis of electronic component leads prior to placement Determining the volume, form and weight of objects Near real-time stereo vision system Process and apparatus for estimating the movement of a moving object Detecting motion of moving picture Monitoring the dimensions and other aspects linewidth thickness and discoloration of specular patterns Method of inspecting jointed portion Perceptual grouping by multiple hypothesis probabilistic data association Real-time recognition of pointing information from video Confirmed boundary pattern matching Optically determining the acceptability of products Face recognition system Picking and placing a surface mounted device with the aid of machine vision Structured illumination autonomous machine vision system Inspecting conductive pattern on printed board Automated transformation of gray level of image Landmark recognition for autonomous mobile robots Inspecting conductive pattern on printed board Detection of range discontinuities in stereoscopic imagery Estimation of local surface geometry from relative range images Apparatus for visual recognition ------------------------------------------------------------------------ DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING Access control in a distributed computer system --Distributed data management mechanism for handling a data stream Segmented asynchronous operation of an automated assembly line --Direct manipulation of icons via conversational linking Updating application databases used in a distributed transaction environment Joint information processing system comprising a plurality of terminal apparatuses guaranteeing identicalness of data processing results Data processing system using stream stores Communicating among processors having different speeds Coordinating measurement activity upon a plurality of emulators --File / record locking between nodes in a distributed processing environment --Running applications concurrently/serially on different virtual machines --Constructing selection cursors on dependent workstations --Making interconnected processors act like a single node in a multinode communication system --Virtual chains for session initiation in a distributed computer network Server impersonation of client processes in an object based operating system Apparatus and method for providing decoupling of data exchange details for providing high performance communication between software processes Transparent signalling for remote terminals Providing backup process control Distributed built-in test equipment system for digital avionics Telephone access information service distribution system Microprocessor information exchange with updating of messages by asynchronous processors using assigned and/or available buffers in dual port memory Distributing print jobs among a network of image processors and print engines Assembly line balancer Distributed text editing system with remote terminal transmits successive audit messages each identifying individual editing operation Conducting and processing spot commodity transactions Controlling task operation of slave processor by switching access to shared memory banks by master processor Distributed fair arbitration system using separate grant and request lines for providing access to data communication bus Recognizing program constitution within a distributed processing system by collecting constitution messages generated by different processors --Processor allocation for a multiprocessor constraint satisfaction search Judging whether conditions are satisfied by using a network having a plurality of nodes representing the conditions ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ALGORITHMS and DATA STRUCTURES Text searching in application programs by selecting a character and scanning the text string to/from the selected character offset position Testable implementations of finite state machines Integration of data between typed data structures by mutual direct invocation between data managers corresponding to data types Validating character strings Apparatus and method for sorting a list of items --Lexicographical encoding and decoding of state-dependent codes Generalized Viterbi decoding algorithms Sorting system using cascaded modules with levels of memory cells among which levels data are displaced along ordered path indicated by pointers Prefix search tree partial key branching Relational database management system and method for storing, retrieving and modifying directed graph data structures --Key hashing in data processors --Sorting of national language keys in a data processing system Methods and apparatus for dynamic hashing --Quasi-key search within a National Language Support data processing system Linkable scan lists for a television receiver High speed Fourier transform engine --Providing error correction to symbol level codes Fast and efficient search method for graphical data Device for the indentification of messages Graphic data searching and storing method Character string retrieving system and method Fixed delay tree search --Monitoring transient data structures in a computer system --Dynamic selection of recursively nested logical element data formats --Face and edge trim method for an automatic mesh generation system Data sorting method --Probability adaptation for arithmetic coders --Allowing searchers to access pointer-connected structures without locking Manipulation of time-ordered lists and instructions therefor ------------------------------------------------------------------------ OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING --Asynchronous staging of objects between computer systems in cooperative processing systems Integration of data between typed objects by mutual, direct invocation between object managers corresponding to object types --Manipulating boundless data stream in an object oriented programming system Implementing a class hierarchy of objects in a hierarchical file system Object database deletion method for child objects when a child may be linked to multiple parent objects --Persistent stream for processing time consuming and reusable queries in an object oriented database management system --Resumeable batch query for processing time consuming queries in an object oriented database management system --Recovery objects in an object oriented computing environment Temporary object handling in an object based computer operating system Monitoring attribute values changes of object in an object oriented database --Nesting and processing mixed data objects within a data stream Object container transfer in an object based computer operating system Conditional object creating system having different object pointers for accessing a set of data structure objects Object oriented control of real-time processing Object oriented framework for menu definition Object-oriented parallel processing system, including concept objects and instance objects for messages exchanging between objects Method of controlling the execution of object oriented programs Object management facility which includes a snapshot facility for providing data transfer between objects ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ROBOTICS Control arbitration system for a mobile robot vehicle Interference avoiding system of multi robot arms Robot control method Control method and apparatus for a robot having multi-rotating axes Robot teaching/playback system Control for a group of robots Controlling a set of industrial robots for cooperative operation Open circuit detection for a pulsed resolver position sensing system Stopping an industrial robot Programmable controller for industrial robots Mirror image method for use in a robot Method of controlling articulated robot Robot control method Controlling robot motion at and near singularities Obstacle avoidance for redundant robots using configuration control Control system for an industrial robot Interactive system for the mathematical representation of physical models Anti-collision and collision protection for multiple robot system Control method for robots Path planning method for mobile robots --Image-directed robotic surgery including redundant consistency checking Industrial robot system ------------------------------------------------------------------------ FUZZY LOGIC Fuzzy template shape matching using a scoring function Using fuzzy logic to determine the number of passengers entering and exiting an elevator car Method for judging a color difference using rules fuzzy inference Fuzzy temporal control method Compound control method for controlling a system Gain adjusting device for PID controller for controlling rotational speed of internal combustion engine Programmable fuzzy logic circuits Fuzzy system Fuzzy-boolean multi-stage inference apparatus Rule generating and verifying apparatus for fuzzy control Apparatus for controlling direction of underground excavator Fuzzy rule set synthesis from existing fuzzy rule sets Fuzzy inference system having a dominant rule detection unit Speech recognition using neural network and fuzzy logic Fuzzy inference thermocontrol for injection molding machine with PID control Inference rule determining method and inference device Controlling vehicle automatic transmission according to fuzzy set theory Autonomous vehicle for automatically/autonomously running on route of travel and its method using fuzzy control Camera having fuzzy inference function Autonomous vehicle using fuzzy control Controlling lockup clutch in vehicle automatic transmission using fuzzy sets Vehicle automatic transmission control system ------------------------------------------------------------------------ SIMULATION --Efficiently simulating dynamic behavior of a data communications network Lens design method and resulting aspheric lens Simulating the dynamic performance of an exhaust gas catalyzer Riding simulation system of motorcycle Block diagram simulator using a library for generation of a computer program Automatically generating a simulation program for a physical phenomenon governed by a partial differential equation Modeling a factory with human operators and validating the model Maintenance and operational simulators 3-D weather for digital radar land mass simulation Concurrency simulation Generating device for production system simulator --Simulating the I/O of a processing system Determining status of a processor using simulation guided by acquired data Computer-simulation technique for numerical analysis of semiconductor devices Simulating the process of a workpiece Evaluation method of flow analysis on molding of a molten material ------------------------------------------------------------------------ EDUCATION Electronic educational video system apparatus Using a computer to generate and teach grammar lessons Computerized figural response testing system and method Computer assisted learning support system Computer-controlled testing process for administering an examination Direct entry air traffic control system for accident analysis and training Computerized bridge game with storage of deals used for constructing players Computer-based training system with student verification Computer controlled racing game System and method for teaching physical skills Interactive instruction of a student Automated answer evaluation and scoring system and method Electronic puzzle game with unknown random time of play Computer assisted instructional delivery system and method Curriculum planning and publishing method Redundant system for interactively evaluating the capabilities of multiple test subjects to perform a task utilizing a computerized test system Automated learning tool selection for child development ------------------------------------------------------------------------ PHYSICS Real time analysis of light water core neutronics Lens design method and resulting aspheric lens Method of measuring vector magnetic flux by performing curved surface interpolation with data obtained by plural squid type vector magnetic flux meters, and apparatus for carrying out the same Magnetic field measurement including convolution steps in an interpolation operation to determine magnetic flux between points at which magnetic flux has been measured Modelling the electron density of a crystal Reactor power measuring method Identifying and comparing lattice structures and determining lattice structure synthesis Electro-acoustical system Microburst precursor detector utilizing microwave radar Correction for Compton scattering by analysis of energy spectra ------------------------------------------------------------------------ CHEMISTRY Determining concentrations by means of atomic emission spectroscopy Validation of calibration standards in an automatic chemical analyzer Computer representation of nucleotide and protein sequences Checking correct use of units or chemical formulae in a text processing system --Optical recognition of chemical graphics Setting analysis condition for thermal analysis of a fluid inside an apparatus Detecting subpopulations in spectral analysis Correcting spectral data for data due to the spectral measurement process ------------------------------------------------------------------------ SPREADSHEETS Computer-aided decision making with a symbolic spreadsheet Controlling spreadsheet cell editing by evaluating entered next cell attribute of current cell Graphic file directory and spreadsheet ------------------------------------------------------------------------ VIRTUAL REALITY Force feedback and textures simulating interface device