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                              PAPER XXVIII

"... All of the nations of the world, for realistic as well as spiritual 
reasons, must come to the abandonment of the use of force." 

Joint statement of the President of the United States and the Prime 
   Minister of Great Britain, August 14, 1941

                                                        AUGUST 14, 1941. 

The following statement signed by the President of the United States and 
the Prime Minister of Great Britain is released for the information of 
the press: 

"The President of the United States and the Prime Minister, Mr. 
Churchill, representing His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom, 
have met at sea. 

"They have been accompanied by officials of their two Governments, 
including high ranking officers of their military, naval, and  air 
services. 

"The whole problem of the supply of munitions of war, as provided by the 
Lend-Lease Act, for the armed forces of the United States and for those 
countries actively engaged in resisting aggression has been further 
examined. 

"Lord Beaverbrook, the Minster of Supply of the British Government, has 
joined in these conferences. He is going to proceed to Washington to 
discuss further details with appropriate officials of the United States 
Government. These conferences will also cover the supply problems of the 
Soviet Union. 

"The President and the Prime Minister have had several conferences. They 
have considered the dangers to world civilization arising from the 
policies of military domination by conquest upon which the Hitlerite 
Government of Germany and other governments associated therewith have 
embarked, and have made clear the steps which their countries are 
respectively taking for their safety in the face of these dangers. 

"They have agreed upon the following joint declaration: 

"Joint declaration of the President of the United States of America and 
the Prime Minister, Mr. Churchill representing His Majesty's Government 
in the United Kingdom being met together deem it right to make known 
certain common principles in the national policies of their respective 
countries on which they base their hopes for a better future for the 
world. 

"First, their countries seek no aggrandizement, territorial or other; 

"Second, they desire to see no territorial changes that do not accord 
with the freely expressed wishes of the peoples concerned; 

"Third, they respect the right of all peoples to choose the form of 
government under which they will live; and they wish to see sovereign 

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rights and self-government restored to those who have been forcibly 
deprived of them; 

"Fourth, they will endeavor, with due respect for their existing 
obligations, to further the enjoyment by all states, great or small, 
victor or vanquished, of access, on equal terms, to the trade and to the 
raw materials of the world which are needed for their economic 
prosperity; 

"Fifth, they desire to bring about the fullest collaboration between all 
nations in the economic field with the object of securing, for all, 
improved labor standards, economic advancement, and social security; 

"Sixth, after the final destruction of the Nazi tyranny, they hope to 
see established a peace which will afford to all nations the means of 
dwelling in safety within their own boundaries, and which will afford 
assurance that all the men in all the lands may live out their lives in 
freedom from fear and want; 

"Seventh, such a peace should enable all men to traverse the high seas 
and oceans without hindrance; 

"Eighth, they believe that all of the nations of the world, for 
realistic as well as spiritual reasons, must come to the abandonment of 
the use of force. Since no future peace can be maintained if land, sea, 
or air armaments continue to be employed by nations which threaten, or 
may threaten, aggression outside of their frontiers, they believe, 
pending the establishment of a wider and permanent system of general 
security, that the disarmament of such nations is essential. They will 
likewise aid and encourage all other practicable measures which will 
lighten for peace-loving peoples the crushing burden of armaments.

                                                "FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT." 
                                                "WINSTON S. CHURCHILL."

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This joint statement known as the Atlantic Charter was released on 
August 14, 1941 after conferences had been held between the President, 
the Prime Minister, and their Naval and Military Staffs, at an 
unspecified point in the North Atlantic area.