> At 06:38 PM 9/29/97 -0700, Robert J. Petry wrote:
> [snip]
> >After making the above statements, Bullinger gives Latin examples from Tacitus,
> >Virgil, Horace, Caesar, etc. Then gives more explanation, and then examples of:
> >Nouns and Verbs from both the Old and New Testaments. If appropriate, I can
> send
> >some of the examples a few at a time [snip]
>
> I would love to see it, if it adds new information. [snip]
>
> Jonathan
Ok, a couple Latin examples and further elucidation.
"Tacitus (Ann. i. 49. 5) says, 'ultio et satietas,' lit., a revenge and a
sufficiency. Here we have not two things, but only one, though there are two words.
The latter noun becomes a very strong adjective, which may be well and excellently
expressed by our English idiom: 'a revenge, yes -- and a sufficient revenge too':
i.e., a sufficient revenge, with strong emphasis on the word 'sufficient,' from its
being thuschanged from a noun to an adjective of superlative degree. Had the mere
adjective been used, the emphasis would then have been on 'revenge,' thus naturally
qualified.
Tacitus, again (Ann. i. 61), speaks of one who was slain, 'infelici dextera et suo
ictu,' by his hapless right hand, and his own blow: i.e., 'by his hapless right
hand, yes -- a blow dealt by his own hand too.'
... O.T. examples of nouns. Gen. 1:26 "Let us make man in our image, after our
likeness:"
Gen. 2:9 -- "The tree of knowledge of good and evil": i.e., of evil enjoyment.
N.T. nouns. Luke 1:17: "He shall go before Him in the spirit and power of Elijah":
i.e., in spirit, yes -- in Elijah's powerful spirit too.
Bullinger's further comment: "But we are not to suppose that whenever we find two
words joined together by the word 'and' we have the figure of Hendiadys. It may be
Epitheton.
It does not follow that in every case where two nouns are thus joined we have only
one idea. In the first place, there must be something to attract our attention,
something out of the ordinary usage, and sometimes not strictly according to the
letter.
And occasionally, even in an undoubted Hendiadys, the two words may be equally true
when taken separately and severally, as when joined together in one. In these cases
both letter and figure are correct, and the passage gains considerable additional
light and force.
Another point to be remembered is that the two words must have a certain relation to
each other: one must indicate a property of the other, or be associated in some way
with it.
There cannot be a Hendiadys where the two words are opposed in any way in their
signification; nor even when there is no real connection between them. (He gives
Phil. 1:25 as an example, abide and continue.....furtherance and joy of faith...)".
>From page 658
I find the examples given interesting, but they cover 10-12 pages. So, I won't post
further here from Bullinger. If anyone wants more, I can send some off line, or get
the book from Baker Book House. It has over 1100 total pages. Figures of Speech Used
in the Bible by E.W. Bullinger.
Best to all,
Bob Petry