From: clayton stirling bartholomew (c.s.bartholomew@worldnet.att.net)
Date: Thu Jan 11 2001 - 02:35:02 EST
on 1/10/01 9:22 PM, RUSSELL RANKIN wrote:
> Please comment on the function of PNEUMA in Jn.4:24 without a verb and AGAPH
> in 1Jn.4:8,16 with the verb ESTIN. What is the grammatical relation to hW
> QEOS. Both being Nominative Nouns, do they function the same with or
> without the verb? As Predicate Nouns?
Russel,
It would appear that you have almost answered your own question.
Function is a very flexible word. PNEUMA functions syntactically as the
predicate. ESTIN is not a required. PNEUMA is in the emphatic position (see
H.A.W. Meyer, John).
Semantically PNEUMA limits hO QEOS. It describes a quality of hO QEOS (c.f.
1John 1:5). In this sense PNEUMA functions similar to an adjective.
PNEUMA hO QEOS has a function in Jesus' argument. It specifies a supporting
reason for his immediately preceding statements to the woman. This could be
called a discourse function or perhaps an rhetorical function.
Clay
--
Clayton Stirling Bartholomew
Three Tree Point
P.O. Box 255 Seahurst WA 98062
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